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{{Nakshatras}}
'''Nakshatra''' ({{lang-sa| नक्षत्रम्|translit=Nakṣatram}}) is the term for [[Lunar station|lunar mansion]] in [[Hindu astrology]]. A nakshatra is one of 27 (sometimes also 28) sectors along the ecliptic. Their names are related to a prominent star or [[asterism (astronomy)|asterisms]] in or near the respective sectors. In essence (in Western astronomical terms), a nakshatra simply is a [[constellation]]. Every nakshatra is divided into four ''padas'' ({{lit}} "steps") related to the [[Char Dham]], a set of four pilgrimage sites in India.
 
The starting point for the nakshatras according to the ''[[Vedas]]'' is "[[Kṛttikā|Krittika]]" (it has been argued because the Pleiades may have started the year at the time the [[''Vedas]]'' were compiled, presumably at the vernal equinox), but, in more recent compilations, the start of the nakshatras list is the point on the ecliptic directly opposite to the star [[Spica]] in the modern constellation [[Virgo (constellation)|Virgo]], called ''ChitraChitrā'' in [[Sanskrit]],. whichThis wouldtranslates beto [[Ashvini]]Ashvinī, a part of the modern constellation [[Ariesof (constellation)|Aries]],. and theseThese compilations, therefore may have been compiled during the centuries when the sun was passing through the area of the constellation Aries at the time of the [[March equinox|vernal equinox]]. This version may have been called ''Meshādi'' or the "[[first point of Aries|start of Aries]]".<ref>
{{cite book
|first=Vashisht |last=Vaid
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</ref>{{better source needed|date=June 2018}}
 
In the classical Hindu scriptures of (''[[Mahabharata]] and, [[Harivaṃśa|Harivamsa]]''), the birthcreation of the 27 nakshatrasasterisms is causedattributed byto [[Daksha]] and [[Asikni (goddess)|Asikini]].<ref>{{Cite book |last=Moor |first=Edward |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=5kJDAAAAYAAJ&dq=Daksha+Nakshatra&pg=PA291 |title=The Hindu Pantheon |date=1810 |publisher=J. Johnson |pages=291 |language=en}}</ref> TheyThe Nakshatras are personified as daughters of Daksha and Asikinias andwives theyof are[[Chandra]], the 27god of the Moon. When Chandra neglected his 26 other wives in favour of [[ChandraRohini (goddess)|Rohini]], whohis isfather-in-law cursed him with leprosy and proclaimed that the moonMoon godwould wax and wane each month.<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Coulter |first1=Charles Russell |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=QEJUEAAAQBAJ&dq=Chandra+Daksha&pg=PA437 |title=Encyclopedia of Ancient Deities |last2=Turner |first2=Patricia |date=2021-12-06 |publisher=McFarland |isbn=978-0-7864-9179-7 |pages=437 |language=en}}</ref> The Nakshatras are also alternatively described as the daughters of [[Kashyapa]].
 
==In the Atharvaveda==
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# [[Ashvini]]
# [[Bharani]]
# [[Kṛttikā]] (the [[Pleiades]])
# [[Krttika]]
# [[Rohini (nakshatra)|RohiniRohinī]] ([[Aldebaran]])
# [[MrigashirshaMrigashīrsha]]
# [[Ardra Nakshatra|ArdraĀrdrā]] ([[Betelgeuse]])
# [[Punarvasu]] ([[Castor (star)|Castor]] and [[Pollux (star)|Pollux]])
# [[Pushya]]
# [[Ashlesha (nakshatra)|AsleshaAsleshā]]
# [[Magha (nakshatra)|Maghā]] ([[Regulus]])
# Magha
# [[Purva Phalguni]]
# [[#List of Nakshatras|Uttara Phalguni]] ([[Denebola]])
# [[Hasta (nakshatra)|Hasta]]
# [[#List of Nakshatras|Chitrā]] ([[Spica]])
# Chitra
# [[Svati|SvatiSvāti]] ([[Arcturus]])
# [[VishakhaVishākhā]]
# [[Anuradha (nakshatra)|AnuradhaAnurādhā]]
# [[Jyeshtha (nakshatra)|JyeshthaJyeshthā]]
# [[Mula (nakshatra)|MulaMūla]]
# [[#List of Nakshatras|Purva Ashadha]]
# [[Uttara Ashadha]]
# [[Shravana]]
# [[Dhanishta]]
# [[Shatabhisha|Satabhishak]] ([[Sadachbia]])
# [[Purva Bhadrapada]]
# [[Uttara Bhādrapadā|Uttara Bhadrapada]]
# [[Revati (nakshatra)|Revati]]
}}
 
This 27&nbsp;-day time cycle has been taken to mean a particular group of stars. The relationship to the stars reallyThis has to do with the periodicity with which the Moon travels over time and through space past the fieldspecific ofstar the specific starsfields called nakshatras. Hence, the stars are more like numbers on a clock, through which the hands of time pass (the moon) pass. This concept is described by J. Mercay (2012) in connection with ''[[Surya Siddhanta]]''.<ref name="mercay">
{{cite book
|author=Mercay, Jessie
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{{See also|List of Nakshatras}}
{{See also|Astronomical basis of the Hindu calendar#nakshatra}}
In Hindu astronomy, there was an older tradition of 28&nbsp;Nakshatras which were used as celestial markers in the heavens. When these were mapped into equal divisions of the ecliptic, a division of 27&nbsp;portions was adopted since that resulted in a clearer definition of each portion (i.e. segment) subtending 13° 20′ (as opposed to 12°&nbsp;{{frac|51|3|7}}′ in the case of 28&nbsp;segments). In the process, the nakshatraNakshatra [[Abhijit (nakshatra)|Abhijita]] was left out without a portion.<ref name=SS>
{{cite book
|first=Ebenezer |last=Burgess
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|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=jpE7AAAAcAAJ
}}
</ref>{{rp|p=179}} However, the AbhijitaAbhijit nakshatra becomes important while deciding on the timing of an auspicious event. The Surya Siddhantha concisely specifies the coordinates of the twenty-seven Nakshatras.<ref name=SS/>{{rp|p=211}}
 
It is noted above that with the older tradition of 28&nbsp;Nakshatras each equal segment would subtend 12.85&nbsp;degrees or 12°&nbsp;51′. But the 28&nbsp;NakshatrasNakshatra were chosen at a time when the Vedic month was recognised as having exactly 30&nbsp;days and no one knows why. In the [[Indian subcontinent]]India and [[China]] the original 28&nbsp;lunar mansions were not equal. Weixing Nui provides a list of the extent of the original 28&nbsp;Nakshatras expressed in ''[[Muhurta|Muhurtas]]'' (with one Muhurta = 48&nbsp;minutes of arc). Hindu texts note there were 16&nbsp;Nakshatras of 30&nbsp;Muhurtas, 6 of 45&nbsp;Muhurtas, 5 of 15&nbsp;Muhurtas and one of 6&nbsp;Muhurtas.
 
The 28&nbsp;mansions of the 360° lunar zodiac total 831&nbsp;Muhurtas or 27.7&nbsp;days. This is sometimes described as an inaccurate estimate of our modern sidereal period of 27.3&nbsp;days, but using the ancient Indian calendar with Vedic months of 30&nbsp;days and a daily movement of the Moon of 13&nbsp;degrees, this early designation of a sidereal month of 831&nbsp;Muhurtas or 27.7&nbsp;days is very precise.{{efn|
The exact figure isshould be nearer 27.692308 &nbsp;days but 27.7 is near enough.
}}<ref>
{{cite book
Line 143 ⟶ 144:
|title=Astronomy in the Sutras translated into Chinese
}}
</ref>{{full citation needed|date=January 2019}}
</ref> Later, some Indian savants dropped the nakshatraNakshatra named AbhijitaAbhijit to reduce the number of divisions to 27, but somethe Chinese savants retained all of their original 28&nbsp;lunar mansions. These were grouped into four equal quarters which would have been fundamentally disrupted if it had been decided to reduce the number of divisions to 27.
 
Irrespective of the reason why ancient early Indian astronomers followed a Vedic calendar of exactly 12&nbsp;months of 30&nbsp;days it was this calendar and not a modern calendar of 365&nbsp;days that they used for the astronomical calculations for the number of days taken for the Moon to complete one sidereal cycle of 360°. This is why initially they named 28&nbsp;Nakshatras on their lunar zodiac.<ref>
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|-
| 1
||'''[[Ashvini|Aśvini]]'''<br/>"The Horsemen"
||[[Sheratan|β]] and [[Mesarthim|γ]] [[Aries (constellation)|Arietis]]
||
*''Astrological Mateleader'': [[Ketu (mythology)|Ketu]] (South lunar node)
*''Symbol'': Horse's head
*''Rigvedic nameDeity'': [[Ashvins|Ashvinis]], the horse-headed twins who are physicians to the gods
*''Indian zodiac'': 0° – 13°20′ Mesha
*''Tropical zodiac'': 26° Aries – 9°20′ Taurus
Line 186 ⟶ 188:
|-
| 2
||'''[[Bharani]]'''<br/>"theThe bearerBearer"
||[[35 Arietis|35]], [[39 Arietis|39]], and [[41 Arietis|41]] [[Aries (constellation)|Arietis]]
||
*''Astrological Mateleader'': [[Shukra]] ([[Venus]])
*''Symbol'': [[Yoni]], the female organ of reproduction
*''Rigvedic nameDeity'': [[Yama]], [[List of death deities|god of death]] and [[dharmaDharma]]
*''Indian zodiac'': 13° 20′ – 26°40′ Mesha
*''Tropical zodiac'': 9° 20′ – 22° 40′ Taurus
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|-
| 3
||'''[[Krittika|Kṛttikā]]'''<br/>an"To old name of the Pleiades; personified as the nurses of ''Kārtikeya'', a son of Shiva and Parvati.Cut"
||[[Pleiades]]
||
*''Astrological Mateleader'': [[Surya]] ([[Solar deity|Sun]])
*''Symbol'': [[Knife]] or [[spear]]
*''Rigvedic nameDeity'': [[Agni]], god of fire
*''Indian zodiac'': 26°40′ Mesha – 10° Vrishabha
*''Tropical zodiac'': 22° 40′ Taurus – 6° Gemini
Line 208 ⟶ 210:
|-
| 4
||'''[[Rohini (nakshatra)|Rohiṇi]]'''<br>"theRadiant red oneMaiden", a name of [[Aldebaran]]. Also known as ''brāhmī''
||[[Aldebaran]]
||
*''Astrological Mateleader'': [[Chandra]] ([[Moon]])
*''Symbol'': Cart or [[chariot]], [[temple]], [[banyan tree]]
*''Rigvedic nameDeity'': [[Prajapati]], rigvedic form of [[Brahma]] - [[Creator deity|the Creator]]
*''Indian zodiac'': 10° – 23°20′ Vrishabha
*''Tropical zodiac'': 6° – 19°20′ Gemini
Line 219 ⟶ 221:
|-
| 5
||'''[[Mrigashīrsha|Mṛgaśīrā]]'''<br/>"theThe deerDeer's headHead". Also known as ''āgrahāyaṇī''
||[[Meissa|λ]], [[Phi Orionis|φ]] [[Orion (constellation)|Orionis]]
||
*''Astrological Mateleader'': [[Mangala]] ([[Mars]])
*''Symbol'': Deer's head
*''Rigvedic nameDeity'': [[Soma (deity)|Soma]], [[Chandra]], the Moonmoon god
*''Indian zodiac'': 23° 20′ Vrishabha – 6° 40′ Mithuna
*''Tropical zodiac'': 19° 20′ Gemini – 2° 40′ Cancer
Line 230 ⟶ 232:
|-
| 6
||'''[[Ardra Nakshatra|Ārdrā]]'''<br/>"theThe moistMoist oneOne"
||[[Betelgeuse]]
||
*''Astrological Mateleader'': [[Rahu]] (North lunar node)
*''Symbol'': Teardrop, diamond, a human head
*''Rigvedic nameDeity'': [[Rudra]], therigvedic stormfierce form of [[Shiva]] god
*''Indian zodiac'': 6° 40′ – 20° Mithuna
*''Tropical zodiac'': 2° 40′ – 16° Cancer
Line 241 ⟶ 243:
|-
| 7
||'''[[Punarvasu]]''' (dual)<br/>"theReturn two restorers of goods", also known as ''yamakau'' "theOf twoThe chariotsLight"
||[[Castor (star)|Castor]] and [[Pollux (star)|Pollux]]
||
*''Astrological Mateleader'': [[Bṛhaspati|Guru]] ([[Jupiter]])
*''Symbol'' : Bow and quiver
*''Rigvedic nameDeity'': [[Bhūmi|Aditi]], mothergoddess ofrepresenting the godsinfinity and the mother of [[Adityas]]
*''Indian zodiac'': 20° Mithuna – 3°20′ Karka
*''Tropical zodiac'': 16° – 29°20′ Cancer
Line 252 ⟶ 254:
|-
| 8
||'''[[Pushya|Puṣya]]'''<br/>"theThe nourisherNourisher", also known as ''sidhya'' or ''tiṣya''
||[[Asellus Borealis|γ]], [[Asellus Australis|δ]] and [[Theta Cancri|θ]] [[Cancer (constellation)|Cancri]]
||
*''Astrological Mateleader'': [[Shani]] ([[Saturn]])
*''Symbol'': Cow's udder, [[Lotus Flower|lotus]], arrow and circle
*''Rigvedic nameDeity'': [[Bṛhaspati]], priestcounsellor of the gods
*''Indian zodiac'': 3° 20′ – 16° 40′ Karka
*''Tropical zodiac'': 29° 20′ Cancer – 12° 40′ Leo
Line 263 ⟶ 265:
|-
| 9
||'''[[Āshleshā|Āśleṣā]]'''<br/>"theThe embraceEmbrace"
||[[Delta Hydrae|δ]], [[Epsilon Hydrae|ε]], [[Eta Hydrae|η]], [[Rho Hydrae|ρ]], and [[Sigma Hydrae|σ]] [[Hydra (constellation)|Hydrae]]
||
*''Astrological Mateleader'': [[Budha]] ([[Mercury (mythology)|Mercury]])
*''Symbol'': Serpent
*''Deity'': [[Nāga|Nagas]], divine race of half-human, half-serpent beings that reside in the [[Patala]]
*Rigvedic name: Sarpas or [[Nāga|Nagas]], deified snakes
*''Indian zodiac'': 16° 40′ – 30° Karka
*''Tropical zodiac'': 12° 40′ – 26° Leo
Line 274 ⟶ 276:
|-
| 10
||'''[[Maghā]]'''<br/>"theThe bountifulMighty"
||[[Regulus]]
||
*''Astrological Mateleader'': [[Ketu (mythology)|Ketu]] (South lunar node)
*''Symbol'': Royal Throne
*''Rigvedic nameDeity'': [[Pitrs]], 'The Fathers', family ancestors
*''Indian zodiac'': 0° – 13° 20′ Simha
*''Tropical zodiac'': 26° Leo – 9° 20′ Virgo
Line 285 ⟶ 287:
|-
| 11
||'''[[Purva Phalguni (Nakshatra)|Pūrva Phalgunī]]'''<br>"firstThe Former reddishReddish oneOne"
||[[Zosma|δ]] and [[Theta Leonis|θ]] [[Leo (constellation)|Leonis]]
||
*''Astrological Mateleader'': [[Shukra]] ([[Venus]])
*''Symbol'': Front legs of bed, hammock, fig tree
*''Rigvedic nameDeity'': [[Aryaman]], god of marital bliss and prosperity
*''Indian zodiac'': 13° 20′ – 26°40′ Simha
*''Tropical zodiac'': 9° 20′ – 22°40′ Virgo
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|-
| 12
||'''[[#List of Nakshatras|Uttara Phalgunī]]'''<br/>"secondThe Latter reddishReddish oneOne"
||[[Denebola]]
||
*''Astrological Mateleader'': [[Surya]] ([[Solar deity|Sun]])
*''Symbol'': Four legs of bed, hammock
*''Rigvedic nameDeity'': [[Bhaga]], god of patronage and favours
*''Indian zodiac'': 26° 40′ Simha- 10° Kanya
*''Tropical zodiac'': 22° 40′ Virgo – 6° Libra
Line 307 ⟶ 309:
|-
| 13
||'''[[Hasta (nakshatra)|Hasta]]'''<br/>"theThe handHand"
||[[Alpha Corvi|α]], [[Beta Corvi|β]], [[Gienah|γ]], [[Algorab|δ]] and [[Minkar|ε]] [[Corvus (constellation)|Corvi]]
||
*''Astrological Mateleader'': [[Chandra]] ([[Moon]])
*''Symbol'': Hand or fist
*''Rigvedic nameDeity'': [[Savitr]], the Sunsun god
*''Indian zodiac'': 10° – 23° 20′ Kanya
*''Tropical zodiac'': 6° – 19° 20′ Libra
Line 318 ⟶ 320:
|-
| 14
||'''[[Chitra (nakshatra)|Chitrā]]'''<br/>"theThe brightBright oneOne", a name of Spica
||[[Spica]]
||
*''Astrological Mateleader'': [[Mangala]] ([[Mars]])
*''Symbol'': Bright jewel or pearl
*''Deity'': [[Tvastar]]/[[Vishvakarman|Vishwakarma]], artisan god
*''Rigvedic name'':[[Vishvakarma]]
*''Indian zodiac'': 23° 20′ Kanya – 6° 40′ Tula
*''Tropical zodiac'': 19° 20′ Libra – 2° 40′ Scorpio
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|-
| 15
||'''[[Svati|Svātī]]'''<br/>"SvatiThe (Sanskrit)Independent Very goodOne" name of Arcturus
||[[Arcturus]]
||
*''Astrological Mateleader'': [[Rahu]] (North lunar node)
*''Symbol'': Shoot of plant, coral
*''Rigvedic nameDeity'': [[Vayu]], the Windwind god
*''Indian zodiac'': 6° 40′ – 20° Tula
*''Tropical zodiac'': 2° 40′ – 16° Scorpio
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|-
| 16
||'''[[Vishākhā|Viśākhā]]'''<br/>"forked,Branching having branchesOut";
|| [[Alpha Librae|α]], [[Beta Librae|β]], [[Gamma Librae|γ]] and [[Iota Librae|ι]] [[Libra (constellation)|Librae]]
||
*''Astrological Mateleader'': [[Bṛhaspati|Guru]] ([[Jupiter]])
*''Symbol'': Triumphal arch, potter's wheel
*''Rigvedic nameDeity'': [[Indra]], chiefking of the gods;[[Deva (Hinduism)|devas]] and god of thunder, storms, and lightning, and [[Agni]], god of Fire - representing the duality of water and fire
*''Indian zodiac'': 20° Tula – 3° 20′ Vrishchika
*''Tropical zodiac'': 16° – 29° 20′ Scorpio
Line 351 ⟶ 353:
|-
| 17
||'''[[Anuradha (nakshatra)|Anurādhā]]'''<br/> "followingFollowing ''Indra[[Radha]]''"
|| [[Acrab|β]], [[Dschubba|δ]] and [[Pi Scorpii|π]] [[Scorpius (constellation)|Scorpionis]]
||
*''Astrological Mateleader'': [[Shani]] ([[Saturn]])
*''Symbol'': Triumphal archway, lotus, bamboo
*''Rigvedic nameDeity'': [[Mitra (Vedic)|Mitra]], one of Adityas of friendship and partnership
*''Indian zodiac'': 3° 20′ – 16° 40′ Vrishchika
*''Tropical zodiac'': 29° 20′ Scorpio – 12° 40′ Sagittarius
Line 362 ⟶ 364:
|-
| 18
||'''[[Jyeshtha (nakshatra)|Jyeṣṭha]]'''<br/> "theThe eldestEldest"
|| [[Antares|α]], [[Sigma Scorpii|σ]], and [[Tau Scorpii|τ]] [[Scorpius (constellation)|Scorpionis]]
||
*''Astrological Mateleader'': [[Budha]] ([[Mercury (mythology)|Mercury]])
*''Symbol'': circular amulet, umbrella, earring
*''Rigvedic nameDeity'': [[Indra]], chiefking of the gods[[Deva (Hinduism)|devas]]
*''Indian zodiac'': 16° 40′ – 30° Vrishchika
*''Tropical zodiac'': 12° 40′ – 26° Sagittarius
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|-
| 19
||'''[[Mula (astrology)|Mūlā]]'''<br/>"theThe rootRoot"
|| [[Epsilon Scorpii|ε]], [[Zeta Scorpii|ζ]], [[Eta Scorpii|η]], [[Sargas|θ]], ι, [[Girtab|κ]], [[Shaula|λ]], [[Mu Scorpii|μ]] and [[Jabbah|ν]] [[Scorpius (constellation)|Scorpionis]]
||
*''Astrological Mateleader'': [[Ketu (mythology)|Ketu]] (South lunar node)
*''Symbol'': Bunch of roots tied together, elephant goad
*''Rigvedic nameDeity'': [[Nirṛti (goddess)|Nirrti]], goddess personifying death, decay, sorrow, as well as the peak of material achievement and the beginning of the spiritual impulse
*''Indian zodiac'': 0° – 13° 20′ Dhanus
*''Tropical zodiac'': 26° Sagittarius – 9° 20′ Capricorn
Line 384 ⟶ 386:
|-
| 20
||'''[[Purva Ashadha|Pūrva Āṣāḍhā]]'''<br/>"firstThe ofFormer the ''aṣāḍhā''Unconquered", ''aṣāḍhā'' "the invincible one" being the name of a constellation
||[[Kaus Medius|δ]] and [[Kaus Australis|ε]] [[Sagittarius (constellation)|Sagittarii]]
||
*''Astrological Mateleader'': [[Shukra]] ([[Venus]])
*''Symbol'': Elephant tusk, fan, winnowing basket
*''Rigvedic nameDeity'': [[Ap (water)|Apah]], god of Water
*''Indian zodiac'': 13° 20′ – 26° 40′ Dhanus
*''Tropical zodiac'': 9° 20′ – 22° 40′ Capricorn
Line 395 ⟶ 397:
|-
| 21
||'''[[Uttara Ashadha|Uttara Āṣāḍhā]]'''<br/>"LaterThe Latter invincibleUnconquered"
||[[Ascella|ζ]] and [[Sigma Sagittarii|σ]] [[Sagittarius (constellation)|Sagittarii]]
||
*''Astrological Mateleader'': [[Surya]] ([[Solar deity|Sun]])
*''Symbol'': Elephant tusk, small bed
*''Deity'': [[Visvedevas]], the most comprehensive gathering of the gods, a classification in which no deity is stated to be omitted
*''Rigvedic name'': [[Visvedevas]], universal gods
*''Indian zodiac'': 26° 40′ Dhanus – 10° Makara
*''Tropical zodiac'': 22° 40′ Capricorn – 6° Aquarius
|| [[Image:Sagittarius constellation map.svg|100px]]
|-
| *{{refn|group=note| Abhijit is the 22nd lunar mansion in the Indian system of 28 nakshatras. According to traditional beliefs, it is not necessarily a separate nakshatra per se, but rather a division within the sidereal Capricorn sign, spanning from the fourth pada of Uttara Ashadha to the first pada of Shravana.}}
| 22
||'''[[Abhijit (nakshatra)|AbhijitaAbhijit]]'''<br/>"The Invincible"
||[[Vega|ζ]] and [[Lyra|σ]] [[Lyra (constellation)|Lyrae]]
||
*''Astrological Mateleader and Deity'': [[Brahma]]
*''Indian zodiac'': 6° 40′ Makara – 10° 53′ Makara
|| [[Image:Lyra constellation map.svg|100px]]
|-
| 2322
||'''[[Shravana|Śravaṇa]]'''<br/> "To Hear"
||[[Altair|α]], [[Alshain|β]] and [[Tarazed|γ]] [[Aquila (constellation)|Aquilae]]
||
*''Astrological Mateleader'': [[Chandra]] ([[Moon]])
*''Symbol'': Ear or Three Footprints
*''Rigvedic nameDeity'': [[Vishnu]], preserver of universe
*''Indian zodiac'': 10° – 23° 20′ Makara
*''Tropical zodiac'': 6° – 19° 20′ Aquarius
|| [[Image:Aquila constellation map.svg|100px]]
|-
| 2423
||'''[[Dhanishta|Dhaniṣṭhā]]''' <br/>"most famousWealthiest", also ''Śraviṣṭhā'' "swiftest"
||[[Alpha Delphini|α]], [[Beta Delphini|β]], [[Gamma Delphini|γ]] and [[Delta Delphini|δ]] [[Delphinus|Delphini]]
||
*''Astrological Mateleader'': [[Mangala]] ([[Mars]])
*''Symbol'': Drum or flute
*''Rigvedic nameDeity'': Eight [[vasuVasus]]s, deitiesgroup of eight deities associated with fire and light signifying earthly abundance
*''Indian zodiac'': 23° 20′ Makara – 6° 40′ Kumbha
*''Tropical zodiac'' 19° 20′ Aquarius – 2° 40′ Pisces
|| [[Image:Delphinus constellation map.svg|100px]]
|-
| 2524
||'''[[Shatabhisha|Śatabhiṣa]]'''<br/>"ComprisingA aHundred hundred physiciansPhysicians"
|| [[Sadachbia]]
||
*''Astrological Mateleader'': [[Rahu]] (North lunar node)
*''Symbol'': Empty circle, 1,000 flowers or stars
*''Rigvedic nameDeity'': [[Varuna]], god of celestial waters
*''Indian zodiac'': 6° 40′ – 20° Kumbha
*''Tropical zodiac'': 2° 40′ – 16° Pisces
|| [[File:Aquarius constellation map.svg|100px]]
|-
| 2625
||'''[[Purva Bhadrapada|Pūrva Bhādrapada]]'''<br/>"theThe firstFormer ofBlessed the blessed feetFeet"
|| [[Alpha Pegasi|α]] and [[Scheat|β]] [[Pegasus (constellation)|Pegasi]]
||
*''Astrological Mateleader'': [[Bṛhaspati|Guru]] ([[Jupiter]])
*''Symbol'': Swords or two front legs of funeral cot, man with two faces
*''Rigvedic nameDeity'': [[Ekapada|Ajaikapada]], anone-footed ancientaspect fireof dragon{{Citation needed|date=October 2022}}[[Shiva]]
*''Indian zodiac'': 20° Kumbha – 3° 20′ Meena
*''Tropical zodiac'': 16° – 29° 20′ Pisces
|| [[Image:Pegasus constellation map.svg|100px]]
|-
| 2726
||'''[[Uttara Bhādrapadā|Uttara Bhādrapada]]'''<br/>"theThe secondLatter ofBlessed the blessed feetFeet"
|| [[Gamma Pegasi|γ]] [[Pegasus (constellation)|Pegasi]] and [[Alpheratz|α]] [[Andromeda (constellation)|Andromedae]]
||
*''Astrological Mateleader'': [[Shani]] ([[Saturn]])
*''Symbol'': Twins, back legs of funeral cot, snake in the water
*''Rigvedic nameDeity'': [[Ahirbudhnya Samhita|Ahirbudhnya]], serpent or dragon of the deep
*''Indian zodiac'': 3° 20′ – 16° 40′ Meena
*''Tropical zodiac'': 29° 20′ Pisces – 12° 40′ Aries
|| [[Image:Andromeda constellation map (1).png|100px]]
|-
| 2827
||'''[[Revati (nakshatra)|Revatī]]'''<br/> "prosperousProsperous"
|| [[Zeta Piscium|ζ]] [[Pisces (constellation)|Piscium]]
||
*''Astrological Mateleader'': [[Budha]] ([[Mercury (mythology)|Mercury]])
*''Symbol'': Fish or a pair of fish, drum
*''Rigvedic nameDeity'': [[Pushan]], nourisher, and the protective[[psychopomp]] deity
*''Indian zodiac'': 16° 40′ – 30° Meena
*''Tropical zodiac'': 12° 40′ – 26° Aries
Line 483 ⟶ 485:
{{Contains special characters|Indic}}
{{unreferenced section|date=June 2018}}
Each of the 27&nbsp;Nakshatras cover 13°&nbsp;20’ of the [[ecliptic]] each. Each Nakshatra is also divided into quarters or ''padas'' of 3°&nbsp;20’, and the below table lists the appropriate starting sound to name the child. The 27&nbsp;nakshatras, each with 4&nbsp;padas, give 108, which is the number of beads in a [[japamala]]japa mala, representing all the [[Mahābhūta|elements]] (anshasansh) of [[Vishnu]]:
 
{| class="wikitable" style="margin:auto;" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="0"
|-
!#!! Name !! Pada 1 !! Pada 2 !! Pada 3 !! Pada 4 !! 120Vimsottari year phase system DeityLord !! Ruling Deity
|-
| 1|| [[Ashvini|Aśvini]] (अश्विनी)|| चु Chu || चे Che || चो Cho || ला La || Ketu || AshvinisAswini Kumara
|-
| 2|| [[Bharani|Bharaṇī]] (भरणी)|| ली Li || लू Lu || ले Le || लो Lo || ShukraVenus || Yama
|-
| 3 || [[Kṛttikā]] (कृत्तिका)|| अ A || ई I || उ U || ए E || SuryaSun || Agni
|-
| 4 || [[Rohini (nakshatra)|Rohiṇī]] (रोहिणी) || ओ O || वा Va/Ba || वी Vi/Bi || वु Vu/Bu || ChandraMoon || Brahma
|-
| 5 || [[Mrigashīrsha|Mṛgaśīrṣā]] (मृगशीर्षा)|| वे Ve/Be || वो Vo/Bo || का Ka || की Ke || MangalaMars || Chandra Moon
|-
| 6 || [[Ardra Nakshatra|Ārdrā]] (आर्द्रा)|| कु Ku || घ Gha || ङ Ng/Na || छ Chha || Rahu || Shiva
|-
| 7 || [[Punarvasu]] (पुनर्वसु)|| के Ke || को Ko || हा Ha || ही Hi || BrihaspatiJupiter || Aditi
|-
| 8 || [[Pushya|Puṣya]] (पुष्य) || हु Hu || हे He || हो Ho || ड Da || ShaniSaturn || Brihaspati
|-
| 9 || [[Ashlesha (nakshatra)|Āśleṣā]] (आश्लेषा)|| डी Di || डू Du || डे De || डो Do || BudhaMercury || Rahu
|-
| 10 || [[Maghā]] (मघा)|| मा Ma || मी Mi || मू Mu || मे Me || Ketu || PitrsPitr
|-
| 11 || Pūrva or [[Pūrva Phalgunī|Pūrva Phālgunī]] (पूर्व फाल्गुनी) || नो Mo || टा Ta || टी Ti || टू Tu || ShukraVenus || Bhaga
|-
| 12 || Uttara or [[Uttara Phalgunī|Uttara Phālgunī]] (उत्तर फाल्गुनी)|| टे Te || टो To || पा Pa || पी Pi || SuryaSun || SuryaSun
|-
| 13 || [[Hasta (nakshatra)|Hasta]] (हस्त)|| पू Pu || ष Sha || ण Na || ठ Tha || ChandraMoon || Savitr
|-
| 14 || [[Spica|Chitrā]] (चित्रा)|| पे Pe || पो Po || रा Ra || री Ri || MangalaMars || VishvakarmaVishwakarma
|-
| 15 || [[Svati|Svāti]] (स्वाति) || रू Ru || रे Re || रो Ro || ता Ta || Rahu || VayuVaayu
|-
| 16 || [[Vishākhā]] (विशाखा)|| ती Ti || तू Tu || ते Te || तो To || BrihaspatiJupiter || Indra and Agni
|-
| 17 || [[Anuradha (nakshatra)|Anurādhā]] (अनुराधा)|| ना Na || नी Ni || नू Nu || ने Ne || ShaniSaturn || Mitra
|-
| 18 || [[Jyeshtha (nakshatra)|Jyeṣṭhā]] (ज्येष्ठा)|| नो No || या Ya || यी Yi || यू Yu || BudhaMercury || Indra
|-
| 19 || [[Mula (nakshatra)|Mūla]] (मूल)|| ये Ye || यो Yo || भा Bha || भी Bhi || Ketu || Varuna and, Nirriti
|-
| 20 || [[Purva Ashadha|Pūrva Aṣāḍhā ]] (पूर्वा अषाढ़ापूर्वाषाढ़ा)|| भू Bhu || धा Dha || फा Bha/Pha || ढा Dha || ShukraVenus || VarunaApah
|-
| 21 || [[Uttara Ashadha|Uttara Aṣāḍhā]] (उत्तरा अषाढ़ाउत्तराषाढ़ा)|| भे Bhe || भो Bho || जा Ja || जी Ji || SuryaSun || Brahma
|-
| 22 || [[Shravana|Śrāvaṇa]] (श्रवण)|| खी Ju/Khi || खू Je/Khu || खे Jo/Khe || खो Gha/Kho || ChandraMoon || Vishnu
|-
| 23 || Śrāviṣṭhā (श्रविष्ठा) or [[Dhanishta|Dhaniṣṭhā]] (धनिष्ठा)|| गा Ga || गी Gi || गु Gu || गे Ge || MangalaMars || VasusVasu
|-
| 24 || [[Shatabhisha|Śatabhiṣā]] (शतभिषा) || गो Go || सा Sa || सी Si || सू Su || Rahu || Varuna
|-
| 25 || [[Pūrva Bhādrapadā]] (पूर्वभाद्रपदा)|| से Se || सो So || दा Da || दी Di || BrihaspatiJupiter || ShivaAja Ek Pada
|-
| 26 || [[Uttara Bhādrapadā]] (उत्तरभाद्रपदा)|| दू Du || थ Tha || झ Jha || ञ NyaDa/Tra || ShaniSaturn || ShivaAhirbudhnya
|-
| 27 || [[Revati (nakshatra)|Revati]] (रेवती)|| दे De || दो Do || च Cha || ची Chi || BudhaMercury || PushanPooshan
|}
 
Line 547 ⟶ 549:
 
* [[Astronomical basis of the Hindu calendar]]
* [[List of Natchathara temples|List of Nakshatra temples]]
* [[Navagraha]]
* [[Panchangam]]
Line 555 ⟶ 557:
* [[Tithi]]
* [[Nityayoga]]
* [[KaraṇaKarana (pañcāṅgapancanga)|Karana]]
* [[Vāra (astronomy)|Vāra]]
 
==Notes==
{{reflist|group=note}}
{{notelist}}
 
 
==References==
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nakshatra"