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{{Short description|American abolitionist organization}}
[[File:William Lloyd Garrison.jpg|thumb|William Lloyd Garrison, 1833, Oil on wood by Nathaniel Jocelyn.]]
[[File:Remember Your Weekly Pledge Massachusetts Anti-Slavey Society collection box.jpg|thumb|right|250px|''Remember Your Weekly Pledge'', collection box for Massachusetts Anti-Slavery Society. Set aside in the home, the box was designed to remind members to make their weekly contribution. Circa 1850]]
The '''New England Anti-Slavery Society''' (1831–1837) was formed by [[William Lloyd Garrison]], editor of ''[[The Liberator (anti-slavery newspaper)|The Liberator]],'' in 1831. ''The Liberator'' was its official publication.
Based in [[Boston]], [[Massachusetts]], members of the New England Anti-slavery Society supported immediate [[Abolitionism in the United States|abolition]] and viewed [[slavery]] as immoral and non-[[Christianity|Christian]] (sinful).
The founding meeting took place on January 1, 1831, in the vestry of the [[Belknap Street Church]].<ref name="loring-eulogy">{{cite news |newspaper=The Liberator |date=June 4, 1858 |title=Tribute to the Memory of Ellis Gray Loring, Esq. at the New England Anti-Slavery Convention, May 27, 1858 |page=3 |url=http://fair-use.org/the-liberator/1858/06/04/the-liberator-28-23.pdf |access-date=March 11, 2024 |archive-date=May 26, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230526220544/http://fair-use.org/the-liberator/1858/06/04/the-liberator-28-23.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref> (Some sources list the date as January 1, 1832.) Garrison was the principal founder. The other founding members were: Benjamin Bierly of [[Amesbury, Massachusetts]],<ref name="aa">{{cite web |website=American Abolitionists |date=February 14, 2017 |title=New England Anti-Slavery Society (NEASS) |url=http://www.americanabolitionists.com/new-england-anti-slavery-society.html |access-date=March 11, 2024 |archive-date=January 19, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210119043059/http://www.americanabolitionists.com/new-england-anti-slavery-society.html |url-status=live }}</ref> Reverend Elijah Blanchard,<ref name="aa" /> Dr. [[Gamaliel Bradford (abolitionist)|Gamaliel Bradford]],<ref name="aa" /> Elizabeth B. Chase,<ref name="aa" /> Joshua Easton, also a member of the Massachusetts General Colored Association,<ref name="aa" /> [[Charles Follen|Charles Theodore Follen]],<ref name="aa" /> Reverend [[Henry Grew]],<ref name="aa" /> Reverend [[Cyrus Pitt Grosvenor]],<ref name="aa" /> [[Ellis Gray Loring]],<ref name="loring-eulogy" /> Captain Jonas Parker of [[Reading, Massachusetts]],<ref name="aa" /> Reverend Perry of [[Mendon, Massachusetts]],<ref name="aa" /> Reverend [[Amos A. Phelps|Amos August Phelps]],<ref name="aa" /> Reverend Aaron Pickett of Reading, Massachusetts,<ref name="aa" /> [[Samuel Edmund Sewall]],<ref>{{cite book |editor-first1=Walter M. |editor-last1=Merrill |first1=William Lloyd |last1=Garrison |title=The Letters of William Lloyd Garrison: Let the Oppressed Go Free, 1861-1867 |publisher=Harvard University Press |page=219 |date=1979 |isbn=9780674526655 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=iOdVUpjJQHwC&pg=PA219}}</ref> [[Octagon House (Reading, Massachusetts)|Horace Wakefield]],<ref name="aa" /> [[Amasa Walker]],<ref name="aa" /> and a Reverend Yates.<ref name="aa" />
The society sponsored lecturers or "agents" who traveled throughout the New England area, speaking in local churches or halls, and also selling abolitionist tracts or ''The Liberator''. Whenever possible, the Society's agents would also encourage the formation of local anti-slavery societies. By 1833 there were 47 local societies in ten northern states, 33 of them in New England. The society also sponsored mass mobilizations such as yearly anti-slavery conventions and celebrations of July 4 or — preferred by those who believed celebrating July 4 was unacceptable since the U.S. Constitution accepted slavery — the Anniversary of the Abolition of Slavery in the West Indies, August 1.{{Citation needed|date=March 2024}}
[[John Levy (black abolitionist)|John Levy]], "a colored gentleman" from Lowell, decries insufficient involvement of free Negroes in the struggle. Garrison, Birney, Burleigh, Henry Stanton, and other stalwarts speak at length.{{Citation needed|date=March 2024}}
== Massachusetts General Colored Association ==
In January 1833, [[Thomas Dalton (abolitionist)|Thomas Dalton]], president of the [[Massachusetts General Colored Association]], led a successful petition to merge with the New England Anti-Slavery Society.<ref name="Garrison1833">{{cite book|author=William Lloyd Garrison|title=The Abolitionist|url=https://archive.org/details/abolitionist00socigoog|access-date=23 April 2013|year=1833|publisher=New England Anti-Slavery Society|page=[https://archive.org/details/abolitionist00socigoog/page/n30 20]}}</ref> Separate black anti-slavery societies had already existed in Massachusetts, New York, Ohio, Connecticut, and New Jersey, however, a strong feeling against the organization of separate anti-slavery societies had been emerging.
Together they organized anti-slavery conventions and speaking programs throughout New England.
Sometime after Joshua Easton was sent as a delegate to the New England society in 1833, African Americans were granted full membership in the organization.<ref name="Cromwell1994">{{cite book|author=Cromwell|title=The Other Brahmins: Boston's Black Upper Class, 1750-1950|url=https://archive.org/details/otherbrahminsbos00crom|url-access=registration|access-date=23 April 2013|year=1994|publisher=University of Arkansas Press|isbn=978-1-61075-293-0|pages=[https://archive.org/details/otherbrahminsbos00crom/page/39 39]}}</ref>
== American Anti-Slavery Society ==
In 1833, Garrison and [[Arthur Tappan]] expanded this society and formed the [[American Anti-Slavery Society]]. The American Anti-Slavery Society, however, attempted to create state-based organizations under the umbrella of its executive committee. At first the New England Anti-Slavery Society and the American Society worked together, with the New England Society becoming an auxiliary in 1834.<ref name=Zorn>Zorn, Roman J.,The New England Anti-Slavery Society: Pioneer Abolition Organization, The Journal of Negro History, Vol. 42, No. 3 (Jul., 1957), pp. 157-176</ref>
== Massachusetts Anti-Slavery Society ==
In 1838, however, the New England Society gave up its regional jurisdiction and reorganized into the Massachusetts Anti-Slavery Society.<ref name=Zorn /> The society took a proactive role in advocating for legislation against new slave codes and laws, particularly within Massachusetts, including publishing treatises related to proposals to outlaw or penalize those participating in the activities and formation of societies relating to abolition and anti-slavery activities.<ref>{{Citation|last=Massachusetts Anti-Slavery Society|date=1836|title=A Full Statement of the Reasons Which Were in Part Offered to the Committee of the Legislature of Massachusetts On the Fourth and Eighth of March, Showing Why There Should Be No Penal Laws Enacted, and No Condemnatory Resolutions Passed by the Legislature, Respecting Abolitionits and Anti-slavery Societies|location=Boston}}</ref>
Annual meetings were held in Boston at [[Julien Hall (Boston)|Julien Hall]], [[Melodeon (Boston, Massachusetts)|Melodeon]], and [[Tremont Temple]]. Officers included [[James N. Buffum]], [[Francis Jackson (abolitionist)|Francis Jackson]], [[Wendell Phillips]], [[Parker Pillsbury]], and [[Edmund Quincy (1808–1877)|Edmund Quincy]]. Lecturers affiliated with the society included [[William Wells Brown]],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://nbhistoricalsociety.org/Important-Figures/william-wells-brown/|title=William Wells Brown|publisher=New Bedford Historical Society|location=New Bedford, Massachusetts|access-date=2024-03-11|archive-date=2021-06-16|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210616180356/https://nbhistoricalsociety.org/Important-Figures/william-wells-brown/|url-status=live}}</ref> [[Frederick Douglass]],<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/aia/part4/4p1539.html|title=Frederick Douglass|work=Africans in America|publisher=[[PBS|Public Broadcasting Service]]|location=USA|access-date=2024-03-11|archive-date=2017-09-05|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170905181324/http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/aia/part4/4p1539.html|url-status=live}}</ref> [[Samuel Joseph May]], and [[Charles Lenox Remond]]. [[Joel W. Lewis]] was the chairman in 1840.<ref>{{cite news |newspaper=The Liberator |date=May 22, 1840 |page=83 |title=Meeting of Colored Citizens |url=http://www.primaryresearch.org/bh/liberator/show.php?file=370.jpg&id=370 |access-date=November 6, 2017 |archive-date=May 17, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150517130337/http://www.primaryresearch.org/bh/liberator/show.php?file=370.jpg&id=370 |url-status=live }}</ref>
The New England Anti-Slavery Society held conventions in:
* [[Boston, Massachusetts]], May 30, 31 and June 1 and 2, 1837
The Massachusetts Anti-Slavery Society held conventions in:
* [[Worcester, Massachusetts]], October 1840<ref>{{citation |url=http://resources.osv.org/school/lesson_plans/ShowLessons.php?PageID=P&LessonID=35&DocID=135&UnitID= |title=The Liberator |date=1840 |access-date=2014-06-01 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304054532/http://resources.osv.org/school/lesson_plans/ShowLessons.php?PageID=P&LessonID=35&DocID=135&UnitID= |archive-date=2016-03-04 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
* [[Nantucket, Massachusetts]], 1841
Following the Civil War the Massachusetts Anti-Slavery Society took up the cause of racial equality.<ref>{{cite web|work=New York Times|date=January 28, 1870|title=Massachusetts Anti-Slavery Society--Thirty-Sixth Anniversary.|url=https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1870/01/28/80270863.pdf|access-date=2009-08-12|archive-date=2022-01-21|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220121151719/https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1870/01/28/80270863.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref>
== See also ==
* [[Massachusetts General Colored Association]], which joined the New England Anti-Slavery Society in 1833
* [[World Anti-Slavery Convention]] of 1840
== References ==
{{Reflist}}
==Further reading==
===Issued by the society===
====New England Anti-Slavery Society====
* {{cite book
|title=Constitution of the New-England Anti-Slavery Society : together with its by-laws, and a list of its officers
|author=[[New England Anti-Slavery Society]]
|year=1832
|location=Boston
|publisher=[[William Lloyd Garrison|Garrison]] and [[Isaac Knapp|Knapp]], printers
|url=https://archive.org/details/constitutionofne1832newe/page/n1}}
* {{cite book
|title=Constitution of the New-England Anti-Slavery Society : with an address to the public
|author1=[[New England Anti-Slavery Society]]
|first2=Arnold
|last2=Buffum
|authorlink2=Arnold Buffum
|year=1832
|location=Boston
|publisher=Printed by [[William Lloyd Garrison|Garrison]] and [[Isaac Knapp|Knapp]]
|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=SKqW1mb09jYC}}
* {{cite book
|title=Proposals for establishing a school on the manual labor system for the education of colored youth
|location=Boston
|year=1832
|publisher=[[New England Anti-Slavery Society]] [Printed by [[William Lloyd Garrison|Garrison]] and [[Isaac Knapp|Knapp]]?]
|first2=Joshua
|last2=Coffin
|first1=Arnold
|last1=Buffum
|authorlink1=Arnold Buffum
|authorlink2=Joshua Coffin
|first3=Wm. Lloyd
|last3=Garrison
|authorlink3=William Lloyd Garrison
|oclc=64736473}}
* {{cite book
|title=The Abolitionist, or Record of the New-England Anti-slavery Society [serial]
|author=New-England Anti-slavery Society
|authorlink=New England Anti-Slavery Society
|publisher=Printed by [[William Lloyd Garrison|Garrison]] and [[Isaac Knapp|Knapp]]
|url=https://archive.org/details/abolitionistorre00mass/page/
|year=1833}}
* {{cite book
|title=First annual report of the Board of Managers of the New-England Anti-Slavery Society : presented Jan. 9, 1833 : with an appendix
|author=[[New England Anti-Slavery Society]]
|year=1833
|location=Boston
|publisher=Printed by [[William Lloyd Garrison|Garrison]] and [[Isaac Knapp|Knapp]]
|url=http://ebooks.library.cornell.edu/cgi/t/text/pageviewer-idx?c=mayantislavery;cc=mayantislavery;view=image;idno=11843409}}
* {{cite book
|title=Second annual report of the board of managers of the New-England Anti-Slavery Society : presented Jan. 15, 1834 : with an appendix
|author=New-England Anti-Slavery Society
|authorlink=New England Anti-Slavery Society
|year=1834
|location=Boston
|publisher=Printed by [[William Lloyd Garrison|Garrison]] & [[Isaac Knapp|Knapp]]
|url=http://ebooks.library.cornell.edu/cgi/t/text/pageviewer-idx?c=mayantislavery;cc=mayantislavery;view=image;idno=02818013}}
* {{cite book
|title=Proceedings of the New-England Anti-Slavery Convention, held in Boston on the 27th, 28th and 29th of May, 1834
|author=[[New England Anti-Slavery Society|New England Anti-Slavery Convention]]
|location=Boston
|year=1834
|publisher=Published by [[William Lloyd Garrison|Garrison]] & [[Isaac Knapp|Knapp]]
|url=http://ebooks.library.cornell.edu/cgi/t/text/pageviewer-idx?c=mayantislavery;cc=mayantislavery;view=image;idno=02818003}}
* {{cite book
|title=Address to the people of the United States on the subject of slavery
|year=1834
|location=Boston
|publisher=Published by [[William Lloyd Garrison|Garrison]] & [[Isaac Knapp|Knapp]]
|author=[[New England Anti-Slavery Society|New England Anti-Slavery Convention]]
|url=https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=umn.31951001535622t&view=2up&seq=4&size=150}}
* {{cite book
|url=https://archive.org/details/annualreportboa01managoog
|title=Annual report of the Board of Managers of the Massachusetts Anti-Slavery Society, with some account of the annual meeting
|year=1837
|publisher=Printed by [[Isaac Knapp]]
|author=New-England Anti-Slavery Society
|authorlink=New England Anti-Slavery Society}}
* {{cite book
|title=Proceedings of the fourth New England Anti-Slavery Convention : held in Boston, May 30, 31, and June 1 and 2, 1837
|year=1837
|url=https://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/4160411.html
|publisher=Printed by [[Isaac Knapp]]
|author=New-England Anti-Slavery Society
|authorlink=New England Anti-Slavery Society}}
====Massachusetts Anti-Slavery Society====
* {{citation |title=Annual Report |author= Massachusetts Anti-Slavery Society |journal= Proceedings of the Massachusetts Anti-Slavery Society at the Annual Meetings Held in |year=1832–1853|url=http://catalog.hathitrust.org/Record/011571255 }}
* {{citation |author=Massachusetts Anti-Slavery Society |title= A Full Statement Respecting Abolitionists and Anti-Slavery Societies |location= Boston |publisher= [[Isaac Knapp]] |year= 1836 }}
* {{Citation |url = https://openlibrary.org/books/ia:speechesbeforema01phil/Speeches_before_the_Massachusetts_Anti-Slavery_Society_January_1852 |title = Speeches before the Massachusetts Anti-Slavery Society, January, 1852 |date = 1852 |publisher = R. F. Wallcut |location=Boston |author=Wendell Phillips |author-link = Wendell Phillips }}
* {{Citation |url = https://openlibrary.org/books/ia:proceedingsofmas00mass_0/Proceedings_of_the_Massachusetts_anti-slavery_society_at_the_annual_meetings_held_in_1854_1855_1856_ |title = Proceedings of the Massachusetts Anti-Slavery Society at the annual meetings held in 1854, 1855 & 1856
|date = 1856 |publisher = Office of Massachusetts anti-slavery society |location = Boston }}
* {{cite book |title=Speech of Rev. Henry Bleby |quote= Missionary from Barbadoes, on the results of emancipation in the British W.I. colonies : delivered at the celebration of the Massachusetts Anti-Slavery Society, held at Island Grove, Abington, July 31st, 1858
|editor= J.M.W. Yerrinton |location=Boston |publisher= R.F. Wallcut
|year= 1858 |url=http://catalog.hathitrust.org/Record/012502816 }}
*{{cite book|last1=Massachusetts Anti-Slavery Society|title=A Full Statement of the Reasons Which Were in Part Offered to the Committee of the Legislature of Massachusetts On the Fourth and Eighth of March, Showing Why There Should Be No Penal Laws Enacted, and No Condemnatory Resolutions Passed by the Legislature, Respecting Abolitionits [sic] and Anti-slavery Societies
|date=1836|publisher=Massachusetts Anti-Slavery Society|location=Boston|pages=48|url=https://bpl.bibliocommons.com/item/show/1170892075?active_tab=bib_info#|access-date=12 December 2017|ref=Boston Public Library}}<RARE BKS 4264.56 no. 24>
===About the society===
* {{cite journal |title=Massachusetts Anti-Slavery Society |author= Elaine Brooks |journal= [[Journal of Negro History]] |volume= 30 |issue= 3 |pages= 311–330 |year=1945 |jstor=2715115 |doi= 10.2307/2715115 |s2cid= 150107747 }}
==External links==
{{Commons category|Massachusetts Anti-Slavery Society}}
* {{cite web|publisher=Boston Public Library |title=Records of the Massachusetts Anti-Slavery Society |url=http://www.bpl.org/research/special/collections.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130705115712/http://www.bpl.org/research/special/collections.htm |archive-date=2013-07-05 }}
* {{cite web |url=http://www.masshist.org/database/1675 |title=Antislavery wafers |publisher=[[Massachusetts Historical Society]] }} (Printed slogans "attributed to the Massachusetts Anti-Slavery Society, circa 1850")
{{Authority control}}
[[Category:1831 establishments in Massachusetts]]
[[Category:19th century in Boston]]
[[Category:Abolitionism in Massachusetts]]
[[Category:American Anti-Slavery Society]]
[[Category:Defunct American political movements]]
[[Category:Organizations based in Boston]]
[[Category:Pre-emancipation African-American history]]
[[Category:William Lloyd Garrison]]
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