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{{Infobox ethnic group
| group = Nigerian Americans
| image =
| pop = '''712,294'''
| langs = '''Predominantly'''<br />
[[English language|English]] ([[American English|American]], [[Nigerian English|Nigerian]]), [[Nigerian pidgin|Pidgin]], [[Igbo language|Igbo]], and [[Yoruba language|Yoruba]] (and other [[Nigeria|Southern Nigeria]]n languages such as [[Nupe language|Nupe]] and [[Ibibio language|Ibibio]])<ref>{{Cite journal|url=https://journals.co.za/doi/abs/10.10520/EJC38787|hdl=10520/EJC38787| title=Scrambling for greener pastures and family disintegration in Nigeria | journal=IFE PsychologIA | date=March 2010 | volume=18 | issue=1 | pages=221–236 | last1=Shobola | first1=Adeola Ayodeji |doi=10.4314/ifep.v18i1.51664 }}</ref> <br />'''Others'''<br />
[[Edo language|Edo]], [[Ibibio language|Ibibio]]-[[Anaang language|Anaang]]-[[Efik language|Efik]], [[Esan language|Esan]], [[Urhobo language|Urhobo]], [[Isoko language|Isoko]], [[Idoma language|Idoma]], [[Ijaw language|Ijaw]], [[Kanuri language|Kanuri]], [[Fulfulde language|Fulfulde]], [[Hausa language|Hausa]], [[Kalabari language|Kalabari]], [[Igala language|Igala]], [[Ikwerre language|Ikwerre]], [[Tiv language|Tiv]], [[Ebira language|Ebira]], [[Southeast Ijo|Nembe]], [[Etsako language|Etsako]], [[Itsekiri language|Itsekiri]], and [[Nigerian languages|other languages of Nigeria]]<ref name="books.google.com">{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=uUFEJMGuVw4C&q=nigerian+americans+religion&pg=PA16|title = The Nigerian Americans|isbn = 9780313319648|last1 = Ogbaa|first1 = Kalu|year = 2003| publisher=Bloomsbury Academic }}</ref>
| rels = '''Predominantly'''<br />
[[Christianity]] ([[Protestantism]], [[
'''Others'''<br />
[[Animism]], [[Islam]] ([[Sunni Islam|Sunni]], [[Shia Islam|Shia]]), [[Juju]], [[Nigerian Chrislam]], [[Odinani]], [[Yoruba religion]], [[agnosticism]], and [[atheism]]<ref name="books.google.com" />
| popplace = [[Texas]] (especially [[Houston]], [[Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex|Dallas–Fort Worth]] and [[San Antonio]]) • [[Northeastern
| related = [[Nigerian Canadians]], [[British Nigerians]], [[Nigerian Australians]], [[African Americans]], [[Igbo Americans]], [[Yoruba Americans]]
| native_name =
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}}
'''Nigerian Americans''' ({{lang-ig|Ṇ́dị́ Naìjíríyà n'Emerịkà}}; {{lang-ha|Yan Amurka asalin Najeriya}}; {{lang-yo|Àwọn ọmọ Nàìjíríà Amẹ́ríkà}}) are [[Americans]] who are of [[Nigerians|Nigerian]] ancestry. The number of Nigerian immigrants residing in the [[United States]] is rapidly growing, expanding from a small 1980 population of 25,000.<ref name ="mgi">{{cite web|date=June 2015|title=The Nigerian Diaspora in the United States|url=http://www.migrationpolicy.org/sites/default/files/publications/RAD-Nigeria.pdf|access-date=2020-07-05|publisher=Migration Policy Institute}}</ref>
Similar to its status as the most populous country in [[Africa]],<ref>{{
▲{{lang-yo|Àwọn ọmọ Nàìjíríà Amẹ́ríkà}}) are [[Americans]] who are of [[Nigerians|Nigerian]] ancestry. The number of Nigerian immigrants residing in the [[United States]] is rapidly growing, expanding from a small 1980 population of 25,000.<ref name ="mgi">{{cite web|date=June 2015|title=The Nigerian Diaspora in the United States|url=http://www.migrationpolicy.org/sites/default/files/publications/RAD-Nigeria.pdf|access-date=2020-07-05|publisher=Migration Policy Institute}}</ref> The 2022 [[American Community Survey]] (ACS) estimated that 712,294 residents of the U.S.A were of Nigerian ancestry.<ref name="factfinder.census.gov">{{cite web |url=https://factfinder.census.gov/faces/tableservices/jsf/pages/productview.xhtml?pid=ACS_16_1YR_B04006&prodType=table |title=Table |access-date=2019-10-24 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20200214060948/https://factfinder.census.gov/faces/tableservices/jsf/pages/productview.xhtml?pid=ACS_16_1YR_B04006&prodType=table |archive-date=February 14, 2020 |url-status=dead }}</ref>The 2019 ACS further estimated that around 392,811 of these (85%) had been born in [[Nigeria]].<ref name="ReferenceA">{{cite web |url=https://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/ACS/16_5YR/B05006/0100000US |archive-url=https://archive.today/20200213005704/https://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/ACS/16_5YR/B05006/0100000US |url-status=dead |archive-date=2020-02-13 |title=Data |access-date=2019-10-24 }}</ref>{{Failed verification|date=September 2023}}
Most Nigerian Americans, like [[British Nigerians]], predominantly originate from southern Nigeria, as opposed to the [[Islam in Nigeria|Islamic northern]] half of the country.<ref name="The Blackness of Broken English">{{
▲Similar to its status as the most populous country in Africa,<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SP.POP.TOTL?locations=NG |title=Archived copy |access-date=December 25, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171029012507/https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SP.POP.TOTL?locations=NG |archive-date=October 29, 2017 |url-status=dead }}</ref>Nigeria is also the African country with the most migrants to the United States, as of 2013. In a study which was carried out by consumer genetics company 23andMe which involved the DNA of 50,281 people of African descent in the United States, [[Latin America]], and [[Western Europe]], it was revealed that Nigeria was the most common country of origin for testers from the United States, the [[French West Indies|French Caribbean]], and the [[British West Indies|British Caribbean]].<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Micheletti|first1=Steven J.|last2=Bryc|first2=Kasia|last3=Esselmann|first3=Samantha G. Ancona|last4=Freyman|first4=William A.|last5=Moreno|first5=Meghan E.|last6=Poznik|first6=G. David|last7=Shastri|first7=Anjali J.|last8=Agee|first8=M.|last9=Aslibekyan|first9=S.|last10=Auton|first10=A.|last11=Bell|first11=R.|date=2020-08-06|title=Genetic Consequences of the Transatlantic Slave Trade in the Americas|journal=The American Journal of Human Genetics|language=English|volume=107|issue=2|pages=265–277|doi=10.1016/j.ajhg.2020.06.012|issn=0002-9297|pmid=32707084|pmc=7413858}}</ref>
▲Most Nigerian Americans, like [[British Nigerians]], predominantly originate from southern Nigeria, as opposed to the [[Islam in Nigeria|Islamic northern]] half of the country.<ref name="The Blackness of Broken English">{{Cite journal|url=https://anthrosource.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/j.1548-1395.2011.01108.x|doi=10.1111/j.1548-1395.2011.01108.x|title=The Blackness of "Broken English"|year=2011|last1=Gaudio|first1=Rudolf P.|journal=Journal of Linguistic Anthropology|volume=21|issue=2|pages=230–246}}</ref>
==History==
===
{{
The first people of ancestry from what is now modern [[Nigeria]] to arrive in what is now the modern [[United States]] were brought by force as [[Slavery in
Some [[Nigeria#Ethnic groups|Nigerian ethnic groups]], such as the Yoruba, and some northern Nigerian ethnic groups, had traditional, cultural identification marks, such as tattoo and scarification designs. These could have assisted a kidnapped and enslaved person who escaped in locating other members of their ethnic group, but few enslaved people managed to escape the colonies. In the colonies, slavers tried to dissuade the practice of traditional tribal customs. They also mixed people of different ethnic groups to make it more difficult for them to communicate and band together in rebellion.<ref>[https://www.jstor.org/stable/3172026 "Ethnicity and the Slave Trade: 'Lucumi' and 'Nago' as Ethnonyms in West Africa"],</ref>
===Modern migration (
In modern times, most Americans of unambiguous Nigerian ancestry are voluntary immigrants and their descendants.<ref>{{
The modern generation of Nigerian migrants was initially motivated by the desire to pursue educational opportunities in undergraduate and postgraduate institutions in the United States. During the 1960s and the 1970s aftermath of the
During the 1980s, a larger wave of Nigerians immigrated to the United States.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Pongou|first=Blessing U. Mberu, Roland|date=2010-06-30|title=Nigeria: Multiple Forms of Mobility in Africa's Demographic Giant|url=https://www.migrationpolicy.org/article/nigeria-multiple-forms-mobility-africas-demographic-giant|access-date=2021-05-27|website=migrationpolicy.org|language=en}}</ref> This migration was driven by political and economic problems exacerbated by the military regimes of self-styled generals [[Ibrahim Babangida]] and [[Sani Abacha]]. Other émigrés comprised a large number of refugees, fleeing on account of religious persecutions, endless political unrests and ethnic/tribal conflicts, the presumption of Nigeria as a failing state, or just to enhance the quality of lives for themselves and their families (Ogbuagu, 2013). The most noticeable exodus occurred among professional and middle class Nigerians who, along with their children, took advantage of education and employment opportunities in the
This exodus contributed to a "[[Brain drain from Nigeria|brain-drain]]" of Nigeria's intellectual resources to the detriment of its future. Since the advent of multi-party democracy in March 1999, the former Nigerian head-of-state [[Olusegun Obasanjo]] has made numerous appeals, especially to young Nigerian professionals in the United States, to return to Nigeria to help in its rebuilding effort. Obasanjo's efforts have met with mixed results, as some potential migrants consider Nigeria's
Since 1980, the estimated population of foreign-born Nigerians has grown from 25,000 to 392,811 in 2019.<ref name="mgi"/><ref name="factfinder.census.gov"/>
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===Education===
[[File:KunleOlukotun-2018photo.jpg
▲[[File:KunleOlukotun-2018photo.jpg|right|thumb|[[Kunle Olukotun|Oyekunle Olukotun]], Professor of [[Electrical Engineering]] and [[Computer Science]] at [[Stanford University]], known as the "father of the [[multi-core processor]]"<ref>{{Cite web|last=Schubarth|first=Cromwell|date=2020-02-27|title=New Palo Alto chip unicorn's valuation nearly tripled to $2.5B|url=https://www.bizjournals.com/sanjose/news/2020/02/27/sambanova-valuation-funding-unicorn.html|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=2021-02-14|website=www.bizjournals.com|publisher=The Silicon Valley Business Journal}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=December 17, 2020|title=SambaNova, founded by alumnus Kunle Olukotun, emerges from stealth mode with AI-accelerated HPC system|url=https://news.engin.umich.edu/2020/12/sambanova-founded-by-alumnus-kunle-olukotun-emerges-from-stealth-mode-with-ai-accelerated-hpc-system/|access-date=2021-02-14|website=Michigan Engineering|language=en-US}}</ref>]]
Nigerian culture has long emphasized education, placing value on pursuing academic excellence as a means to [[Economic security|financial security]].<ref>{{cite web|last=Adenle|first=Tola|title=Why do immigrant kids perform so well in America (2): The Nigerian example|date=June 13, 2011|url=http://emotanafricana.com/2011/06/13/why-do-immigrant-kids-perform-so-well-in-america-2/|access-date=14 April 2013}}</ref> Examples of Nigerian Americans in education include [[Akintunde Akinwande]], [[Kunle Olukotun|Oyekunle Olukotun]], [[Jacob K. Olupona|Jacob Olupona]], and [[Dehlia Umunna]], professors at the [[Massachusetts Institute of Technology]], [[Stanford University]], and [[Harvard University]], respectively. Recent famous examples include [[ImeIme Umana]], the first black woman to be elected president of the [[Harvard Law Review]],<ref>{{
A large percentage of black students at highly selective top universities are immigrants or children of immigrants.
▲According to the 2008-2012 [[American Community Survey]] conducted by the [[U.S. Census Bureau]], 61.4% of Nigerian Americans aged 25 years or older hold a bachelor's degree or higher, compared to 28.5% of the total U.S. population.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Detailed Look at Sub-Saharan African and Caribbean Ancestry|url=https://www.census.gov/library/stories/2017/12/sub-saharan-caribbean-population.html|access-date=2021-02-14|website=The United States Census Bureau|language=EN-US}}</ref> The Migration Policy Institute reports that 29% of Nigerian Americans have a master's degree, PhD, or an advanced professional degree (compared to 11% of the U.S population overall).<ref name="mgi" /> Nigerian Americans are also known for their contributions to [[medicine]], [[science]], [[technology]], [[arts]], and [[literature]].<ref>{{Cite web|date=2018-06-07|title=The Most Successful Ethnic Group in the U.S. May Surprise You|url=https://www.ozy.com/around-the-world/the-most-successful-ethnic-group-in-the-u-s-may-surprise-you/86885/|access-date=2021-02-14|website=OZY}}</ref>
According to the 2021 Open Doors report, the top five
▲Nigerian culture has long emphasized education, placing value on pursuing academic excellence as a means to [[Economic security|financial security]].<ref>{{cite web|last=Adenle|first=Tola|title=Why do immigrant kids perform so well in America (2): The Nigerian example|date=June 13, 2011|url=http://emotanafricana.com/2011/06/13/why-do-immigrant-kids-perform-so-well-in-america-2/|access-date=14 April 2013}}</ref> Examples of Nigerian Americans in education include [[Akintunde Akinwande]], [[Kunle Olukotun|Oyekunle Olukotun]], [[Jacob K. Olupona|Jacob Olupona]] and [[Dehlia Umunna]], professors at the [[Massachusetts Institute of Technology]], [[Stanford University]] and [[Harvard University]] respectively. Recent famous examples include [[ImeIme Umana]], the first black woman to be elected president of the [[Harvard Law Review]],<ref>{{Cite web|author=Alexandra Larkin|title=130-year-old Harvard Law Review elects its first African-American woman president|url=https://www.cnn.com/2017/02/28/health/harvard-law-african-american-president-trnd/index.html|access-date=2020-09-20|website=CNN|date=February 28, 2017}}</ref> [[Ngozi Okonjo-Iweala]], the first woman to become the head of the [[World Trade Organization]] (WTO),<ref>{{Cite news|last=León|first=Concepción de|date=2021-02-05|title=Ngozi Okonjo-Iweala Set to Become W.T.O.'s First Female Leader|language=en-US|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2021/02/05/business/ngozi-okonjo-iweala-world-trade-organization.html|access-date=2021-02-14|issn=0362-4331}}</ref> and [[Tanitoluwa Adewumi]], a homeless child [[refugee]] who went on to become a [[chess prodigy]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=USA and UK prodigies clash in online match|url=https://www.fide.com/news/623|access-date=2021-02-14|website=www.fide.com|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Citation|title=The 9 Year Old Prodigy Tanitoluwa Adewumi vs Hikaru Nakamura in Puzzle Rush|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=j-pePy_1_Ts |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211222/j-pePy_1_Ts |archive-date=2021-12-22 |url-status=live|publisher=Hikaru Nakamura|access-date=2021-02-14}}{{cbignore}}</ref><ref>{{Citation|title=10-year-old Chess Prodigy Plays Blindfold|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-WdBOKYOzOM |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211222/-WdBOKYOzOM |archive-date=2021-12-22 |url-status=live|publisher=chess24|access-date=2021-02-14}}{{cbignore}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Chess: TanitoluwaAps116 vs GM Hikaru|url=https://www.chess.com/live/game/5370226151|access-date=2021-02-16|website=Chess.com|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Kasparov|first=Garry|title=Opinion {{!}} The heart-warming tale of the 8-year-old chess champion is quintessentially American|language=en-US|newspaper=Washington Post|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/the-heart-warming-tale-of-the-8-year-old-chess-champion-is-quintessentially-american/2019/03/22/7a2fdf92-4cd9-11e9-b79a-961983b7e0cd_story.html|access-date=2021-02-16|issn=0190-8286}}</ref> Examples of Nigerian Americans in popular media include [[Bennet Omalu|Dr. Bennet Omalu]], portrayed in the 2015 film ''[[Concussion (2015 film)|Concussion]]'',<ref>{{Citation|title=Brett Favre on making football more safe: Don't play|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IG7FdapKwck |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211222/IG7FdapKwck |archive-date=2021-12-22 |url-status=live|language=en|access-date=2020-09-20}}{{cbignore}}</ref> and [[Emmanuel Acho]], host of the weekly activist webcast ''Uncomfortable Conversations with a Black Man''.<ref>{{Cite web|title=A Conversation with the Police - Uncomfortable Conversations with a Black Man Ep. 9 - YouTube|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pM-HpZQWKT4 |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211222/pM-HpZQWKT4 |archive-date=2021-12-22 |url-status=live|access-date=2021-02-14|website=www.youtube.com}}{{cbignore}}</ref>
=== Economics ===
▲A large percentage of black students at highly selective top universities are immigrants or children of immigrants. [[Harvard University]], for example, has estimated that more than one-third of its black student body consists of recent immigrants or their children, or were of [[mixed-race]] parentage.<ref name="Rimer Arenson NYT">{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2004/06/24/us/top-colleges-take-more-blacks-but-which-ones.html |access-date=26 Jun 2011 |newspaper=[[New York Times]] |date=June 24, 2004 |title=Top Colleges Take More Blacks, but Which Ones? |first1=Sara |last1=Rimer |first2=Karen W. |last2=Arenson }}</ref> Other top universities, including [[Yale University|Yale]], [[Princeton University|Princeton]], [[University of Pennsylvania|Penn]], [[Columbia University|Columbia]], [[Rice University|Rice]], [[Duke University|Duke]] and [[University of California, Berkeley|Berkeley]], report a similar pattern.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.sfgate.com/education/article/Shades-of-gray-in-black-enrollment-Immigrants-2728709.php |title=Shades of gray in black enrollment: Immigrants' rising numbers a concern to some activists |newspaper=[[San Francisco Chronicle]] |date=February 22, 2005 |first=Jason B. |last=Johnson }}</ref> As a result, there is a question as to whether [[affirmative action]] programs adequately reach their original targets: [[African American]]s who are descendants of [[Atlantic slave trade|American slaves]] and their discriminatory history in the US.<ref name="Rimer Arenson NYT" />
56.9% of Nigerian Americans work in Management, business, science, and arts occupations compared to 43.2% for the total population. Nigerian Americans in 2023 had a median household income of $80,711 which was higher then the total population's. However, Nigerian Americans had a slightly lower per capita income ($43,030) then the total population ($43,313). Personal earnings for Nigerian American males was $67,475 and $61,208 for females, both of which were higher then the total population's which was $63,975 for males and $52,370 for females. Nigerian Americans had a slightly lower poverty rate then the total population. Nigerian American families also had a lower poverty rate then the total population. Nigerian Americans have a high labor force participation rate of 77.7%.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Explore Census Data |url=https://data.census.gov/table?q=S0201.&t=001:013:3782:076:3786:451:567:582 |access-date=2024-10-26 |website=data.census.gov}}</ref>
▲According to the 2021 Open Doors report, the top five U.S. institutions with the largest student population of Nigerian descent (in no particular order) are [[Texas Southern University]], [[University of Houston]], [[University of Texas at Arlington]], [[University of North Texas]], and [[Houston Community College]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.thecable.ng/10674-nigerians-studying-us-highest-30-years |title=10,674 Nigerians studying in the US – highest in 30 years | TheCable |date=November 15, 2016 |publisher=Thecable.ng |access-date=2019-10-24}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-11-16 |title=Population Of Nigerian Students In US Ranks First In Africa, 10th Globally |url=https://saharareporters.com/2021/11/16/population-nigerian-students-us-ranks-first-africa-10th-globally |access-date=2022-04-21 |website=Sahara Reporters}}</ref> According to [[Institute of International Education]]'s 2017 Open Doors report, 11,710 international students from Nigeria studied in the U.S. during the 2016–17 academic year, the 12th highest country of origin and highest of any African country.<ref>{{cite web|title=Places of Origin|url=https://www.iie.org/Research-and-Insights/Open-Doors/Data/International-Students/Places-of-Origin|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171115010422/https://www.iie.org/Research-and-Insights/Open-Doors/Data/International-Students/Places-of-Origin|archive-date=2017-11-15|access-date=2019-10-24|publisher=iie.org}}</ref>
In 2017, sociologist Onoso Imoagene argued that second generation Nigerian Americans are forming a distinct "diasporic Nigerian ethnicity" rather than assimilating into the mainstream [[African-American culture|African American culture]], in contrast to what should have been predicted by [[Second generation immigrants in the United States#Segmented assimilation|segmented assimilation]] theory.<ref>{{cite book |last=Imoagene |first=Onoso |title=Beyond Expectations: Second-Generation Nigerians in the United States and Britain |date = 2017}}</ref> Limited sociological research suggests that Nigerian Americans may have a more positive opinion of the American police compared to the broader black community.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Akinropo |first1=Akinniyi Ademola |date=2018 |title=Perception of Nigerian Immigrants of Police and Policing in the United States |journal=Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies |url=https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/5048/}}</ref> [[The Marshall Project]] and [[Prison Legal News]] have reported that the [[Texas Department of Criminal Justice]] heavily recruits Nigerians to serve as guards in Texas prisons, where a significant proportion of the prisoners are black.<ref>{{
▲===Relations with other black Americans===
▲In 2017, sociologist Onoso Imoagene argued that second generation Nigerian Americans are forming a distinct "diasporic Nigerian ethnicity" rather than assimilating into the mainstream [[African-American culture|African American culture]], in contrast to what should have been predicted by [[Second generation immigrants in the United States#Segmented assimilation|segmented assimilation]] theory.<ref>{{cite book |last=Imoagene |first=Onoso |title=Beyond Expectations: Second-Generation Nigerians in the United States and Britain |date = 2017}}</ref> Limited sociological research suggests that Nigerian Americans may have a more positive opinion of the American police compared to the broader black community.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Akinropo |first1=Akinniyi Ademola |date=2018 |title=Perception of Nigerian Immigrants of Police and Policing in the United States |journal=Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies |url=https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/5048/}}</ref> [[The Marshall Project]] and [[Prison Legal News]] have reported that the [[Texas Department of Criminal Justice]] heavily recruits Nigerians to serve as guards in Texas prisons, where a significant proportion of the prisoners are black.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.prisonlegalnews.org/news/2009/jun/15/texas-lawmakers-surprised-over-hiring-of-non-citizen-prison-guards-on-work-visas/|title = Texas Lawmakers "Surprised" over Hiring of Non-Citizen Prison Guards on Work Visas | Prison Legal News}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.themarshallproject.org/2015/06/03/nigerians-are-flocking-to-work-in-texas-prisons|title=Nigerians are Flocking to Work in Texas Prisons|date=June 3, 2015}}</ref>
==Demography and areas of concentrated residence==
{{
[[File:African Languages Spoken in American Households.jpg|thumb|center|1000px
▲[[File:African Languages Spoken in American Households.jpg|thumb|1000px|center|African Languages Spoken in American Households<ref>{{cite web |url=https://data.census.gov/mdat/#/search?ds=ACSPUMS5Y2019&rv=LANP&wt=PWGTP|title=African languages spoken in American Households, United States Census Bureau}}</ref>]]
As of 2013, the World Bank estimated that 252,172 Nigerian migrants live in the US. This is 23% of all Nigerian migrants, the most of any destination country. Nigerian migrants represent 0.5% of all migrants in the
===US states with the largest Nigerian populations===
The 2016 [[American Community Survey]] estimates that 380,785
The 2012-2016 ACS<ref name="ReferenceA"/> estimates that 277,027 American residents were born in Nigeria. It also estimates that these states have the highest Nigerian-born population:
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==Religious demographics==
[[File:Nigerian Muslim Assn Ft Greene jeh.jpg|thumb|Nigerian Muslim association in [[Fort Greene, Brooklyn]], New York]]
[[File:Igbo Roman Catholics.jpg|thumb|Igbo [[
In terms of religion, the Nigerian community in the United States is split, as approximately 70% practice [[Christianity in Nigeria|Christianity]] while 28% follow [[Islam in Nigeria|Islam]] and the remainder practice other religions (2%). {{Disputed inline|date=May 2020}}<ref>{{cite book|title=Multicultural America: An Encyclopedia of the Newest Americans [4 Volumes]| isbn=9780313357879 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=YN9jC2_7UHYC&pg=PA1615| last1=Bayor | first1=Ronald H. | date=July 22, 2011 }}</ref>▼
▲In terms of religion, the Nigerian community in the United States is split, as approximately 70% practice [[Christianity in Nigeria|Christianity]] while 28% follow [[Islam in Nigeria|Islam]] and the remainder practice other religions (2%).
==Traditional attire==▼
▲==Traditional attire==
Among Nigerian Americans, traditional Nigerian attire remains very popular.<ref>{{
==Nigerian American ethnic groups==
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{{Main|Yoruba American}}
Yoruba Americans are
The native tongue of the Yoruba people is spoken principally in
===Ibibio American===
{{Main|Ibibio American}}
Ibibio Americans are Nigerian Americans from present day [[Akwa Ibom State]] and [[Cross River State]] of Nigeria. They are identified by their common names and language that that include the [[Efik language|Efik]], [[Ibibio language|Ibibio]] and [[Annang]] dialects of the [[Ibibio Language]]. The main seaport where slaves were moved out of Nigeria is located in Calabar, the capital city of [[Cross River State]] and the first British Administrative Headquarter in southern Nigeria.
===Fulani and Hausa American===
{{Main|Fula Americans}}
Fulani and Hausa Americans are people in the United States that maintain a cultural identity of various levels from the Fulani and Hausa ethnic groups and now call the United States home. Most speak Hausa, Fulfulde as well as English fluently and Arabic on various levels. The first wave of Fulani immigrants arrived as a result of the Atlantic
==Organizations==
Nigerian American organizations in the US include:
* Houston, Texas-based Nigerian Union Diaspora (NUD)
*
* Houston, Texas-based Nigerian American Multicultural Council, NAMC (namchouston.org)<ref>{{cite web|title=Nigerian-American Multicultural Council|url=http://www.namchouston.org|website=namchouston.org}}</ref>
* San Antonio Nigerian Nurses Association<ref>{{cite web|title=San Antonio Nigerian Nurses Association|url=https://sanna.nursingnetwork.com/}}</ref>
* Nigeria Peoples Association of San Antonio <ref>{{cite web|title=Nigeria Peoples Association of San Antonio|url=https://www.charitynavigator.org/ein/462433877}}</ref>
* Washington, D.C.-based Nigerian-American Council or Nigerian-American Leadership Council<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.nigerian-americancouncil.org/ |title=Nigerian-American Council |access-date=April 18, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170709081042/http://www.nigerian-americancouncil.org/ |archive-date=July 9, 2017 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
* The Alliance of Nigerian Organizations in Atlanta, Georgia<ref name="anogusa">{{cite web|url=http://www.anogusa.org/|title=Home Page |website=Alliance of Nigerian Organizations in Georgia, USA (ANOG)|author=Itoro E. Akpan-Iquot|access-date=13 August 2015}}</ref>
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* First Nigeria Organisation<ref>{{cite web|title=Nigerians in Chicago Rise Against Boko Haram|url=http://www.nigerianamericanbusiness.com/|website=Nigerian American Business|access-date=31 August 2014}}</ref>
* United Nigeria Association of Tulsa<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.unatok.org/go/index.php |title=United Nigeria Association of Tulsa |access-date=June 26, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131118213311/http://www.unatok.org/go/index.php |archive-date=November 18, 2013 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
* The Alliance of Nigerian Organizations in Georgia is an organization that tries to satisfy the interests of the community, and represents all Nigeria nonprofit associations in the state (such as Nigerian Women Association of Georgia
* National Council of Nigerian Muslim Organizations in USA;<ref name="nmnationalcouncil">[http://www.nmnationalcouncil.org/ National Council of Nigerian Muslim Organizations in USA]</ref>
* The National Council of Nigerian Muslim Organizations is an organization that teaches Islam, study the elements of religion, favoring Muslim integration in the
* Nigerian Ladies Association of Texas (NLAT) is an apolitical, non-profit formed by Nigerian women that promote fellowship, community and family values. NLAT is looking for ways to improve the lives of its members and their families and contribute to improving the life and development of Nigeria and the United States of America. The association teaches its members on individual rights (especially the rights of women, creating media to promote respect for these rights, to promote equality and peace between the sexes) and establishes job opportunities for Nigerians living in Texas, organizes and provides resources to women and children in Nigeria and the US, teaches Nigerian culture to the new generations, working with women's groups in the
* Nigerian Lawyers Association (NLA): Incorporated in 1999, the
* NNAUSA is an organization for the Ngwa Diaspora in America<ref>http://ngwanational.org/ Ngwa National.</ref>
Nigerian American associations representing the interests of determined groups include:
* The Association of Nigerian Physicians in the Americas<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.anpa.org/|title=Association of Nigerian Physicians in the Americas – Home|author=Donia Robinson/Gold Star Web Sites, LLC|access-date=13 August 2015}}</ref> (ANPA)
* Igbo
* Nigerian Nurses Association of USA, Inc.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://nigeriannursesassociationofusa.org/|title=Nigerian Nurses Association USA – Home|access-date=13 August 2015}}</ref>
* Ogbakor Ikwerre USA, Inc. is a non–profit organization of Ikwerre indigenes residing in the United States of America and Canada. We are committed to the survival and prosperity of the Ikwerre people and the entire Ikwerre community. OIUSA is an incorporate body that was founded on July 6, 1996 in Los Angeles, California. The organization is incorporated in the city of Atlanta, Georgia, but headquartered in Los Angeles. Membership comprises individuals and associations that subscribe to OIUSA vision. Members come from all over the 50 states in the US and Canada
* Nigerian Student Association<ref>{{cite web |url=https://harvardnsa.wordpress.com/ |title=Harvard Nigerian Students Association |website=harvardnsa.wordpress.com |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190507193743/https://harvardnsa.wordpress.com/ |archive-date=2019-05-07}}</ref>
==Notable people==
Line 156 ⟶ 154:
==See also==
{{
* [[Igbo Americans]]
* [[Yoruba Americans]]
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* Ette, Ezekiel Umo. ''Nigerian Immigrants in the United States: Race, Identity, and Acculturation'' (Lexington Books, 2012).
* Ogbaa, Kalu. ''The Nigerian Americans'' (Greenwood, 2003).
* Ogbuagu, B. C. (2013). “Diasporic Transnationalism”: Towards a framework for conceptualizing and understanding the ambivalence of the social construction of “Home” and the myth of Diasporic Nigerian homeland return. Journal of Educational and Social Research 3(2), 189–212; Doi:10.5901/jesr. 2013.v3n2p189; ISSN 2239-978X. http://www.mcser.org/journal/index.php/jesr/article/view/157.
* Ogbuagu, B. C. (2013). Remittances and in-kind products as agency for community development and anti-poverty sustainability: Making a case for Diasporic Nigerians. International Journal of Development and Sustainability 2(3),1828-1857. Online {{ISSN|2186-8662}} – www.isdsnet.com/ijds ISDS Article ID: IJDS13052905
* Rich, Timothy. "You can trust me: A multimethod analysis of the Nigerian email scam." ''Security Journal'' 31.1 (2018): 208–225. [https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Timothy_Rich3/publication/314134114_You_can_trust_me_a_multimethod_analysis_of_the_Nigerian_email_scam/links/5cfb0533a6fdccd1308a678a/You-can-trust-me-a-multimethod-analysis-of-the-Nigerian-email-scam.pdf online]
* Sarkodie-Mensah, Kwasi. "Nigerian Americans." in ''Gale Encyclopedia of Multicultural America,'' edited by Thomas Riggs, (3rd ed., vol. 3, Gale, 2014), pp.
{{Nigerian diaspora}}
{{African immigration to the United States}}
{{Demographics of the United States}}
▲[[Category:Nigerian American| ]]
[[Category:Nigerian diaspora in North America|American]]
[[Category:American people of Nigerian descent| ]]
[[Category:West
[[Category:African-American society]]
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