Peter Buck (anthropologist): Difference between revisions

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Line 21: \| occupation = Anthropologist, politician, doctor }} '''Sir Peter Henry Buck''' {{postnominals\|country=NZL\|KCMG\|DSO}} ({{circa}} October 1877{{spaced en dash}}1 December 1951), also known as '''Te Rangi Hīroa''' or '''Te Rangihīroa''', was a prominent New Zealand ~~doctor~~[[anthropologist]] and aan ~~prominent~~expert ~~anthropologist~~on [[Māori culture\|Māori]] and [[Polynesian culture\|Polynesian cultures]] who served many roles through his life~~<!--~~: as a physician and surgeon; as an official in public health; as a [[member of parliament]]; and ultimately as a leading anthropologist and ~~museum~~ director~~.-->~~ of the [[Bishop Museum]] in [[Hawaii]]. ~~Buck~~In ~~was~~his ~~accomplished~~younger ~~in many fields including~~years, inBuck ~~his~~was ~~younger~~highly ~~years,~~accomplished as an athlete. At [[Te Aute College]] he captained the high school's [[Sport of athletics\|athletics]] and [[Rugby union\|rugby]] teams and while at [[University of Otago Dunedin School of Medicine\|University of Otago's medical school]] he was national [[long jump]] champion in 1900 and 1903. Buck served as a medical officer to [[Māori people\|Māori]] in the years following his medical training in 1905, before completing a [[Doctor of Medicine\|doctor of medicine]] with a thesis on contemporary and traditional Māori medicine in 1910. In 1909 he was thrust into politics, serving as MP for the [[Northern Maori]] electorate until 1914. On recesses from parliament, Buck travelled to the [[Cook Islands]] and to [[Niue]] as a medical officer, where he developed his interests in anthropology. Line 34: [[File:RangiHiroa1904.jpg\|alt=\|left\|thumb\|Rangi Hiroa in 1904]] Buck's paternal ancestry was ~~English and~~ Anglo-Irish. Though he was largely brought up within the [[Pākehā]] community at Urenui, Ngārongo-ki-tua and his great-aunt Kapuakore instilled a love of Māori tradition and [[Māori language\|language]] in him.<ref name="DNZB updateme" /> Buck was descended on his maternal side from the [[Taranaki (iwi)\|Taranaki]] tribe of [[Ngāti Mutunga]]. In his teens,<ref>{{cite encyclopedia \|title=Buck, Sir Peter Henry (Te Rangihiroa), K.C.M.G., D.S.O. \|encyclopedia=[[An Encyclopaedia of New Zealand]] \|url=https://teara.govt.nz/en/1966/buck-sir-peter-henry \|access-date=1 September 2019 \|last=Beaglehole \|first=Ernest \|date=1966 \|editor-last=McLintock \|editor-first=A.H. \|via=Te Ara – the Encyclopedia of New Zealand}}</ref> his elders gave him the name Te Rangi Hīroa (also written Te Rangihiroa) in honour of an uncle of Ngārongo's ~~and~~, an earlier notable ancestor. He would later use it as a pen-name. After Ngārongo's death in 1892 he moved with his father to the [[Wairarapa]]. In 1896 he enrolled at [[Te Aute College]], a school that produced many Māori leaders of the time. In 1899 he was named [[Dux#Education\|dux]] and passed a medical preliminary examination entitling him to attend medical school at [[University of Otago]]. Line 66: During the [[First World War]], Buck helped in the recruitment of a Māori volunteer contingent. Buck joined this contingent as medical officer, travelling to the Middle East in 1915.<ref>{{Cite book \|last=Arvin \|first=Maile \|url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1089781629 \|title=Possessing Polynesians : the science of settler colonial whiteness in Hawaiʹi and Oceania \|date=November 2019 \|publisher=Duke University Press \|year=2019 \|isbn=978-1-4780-0633-6 \|location=Durham \|pages=87 \|language=en \|oclc=1089781629}}</ref> He took part at [[Gallipoli Campaign\|Gallipoli]], later being awarded a [[Distinguished Service Order]] for his heroism. He later saw action in France and Belgium, before being posted to the No 3 New Zealand General Hospital at [[Codford]], [[England]], in 1918. Returning to New Zealand, Buck was appointed as Chief Maori Medical Officer, and in 1921 was named director of the Maori Hygiene Division in the Department of Health. Buck participated in the [[1919–1923 Dominion Museum ethnological expeditions]] alongside [[Elsdon Best]], [[James McDonald (artist)\|James McDonald]], [[Johannes Carl Andersen]] and [[Āpirana Ngata]].<ref name="Ngata2021">{{CiteQ\|Q124738173}}</ref> === Bishop Museum === Line 78 ⟶ 79: ==Awards and tributes== In 1925, ethnologist [[Harry Skinner (ethnologist)\|Harry Skinner]] recommended that the inaugural [[Percy Smith Medal]] be awarded to Buck, but the University of Otago decided to award the medal to Skinner himself that year. Buck was awarded the following medal, in 1929.<ref>{{cite web \| title=The Percy Smith Medal \| website=NZ Archaeological Association \| date=1978 \|first=Janet\| last=Davidson\| url=https://nzarchaeology.org/download/the-percy-smith-medal \| access-date=25 November 2023}}</ref> In 1935, he was awarded the [[King George V Silver Jubilee Medal]].<ref name="EP">{{cite news \| url=http://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/cgi-bin/paperspast?a=d&cl=search&d=EP19350506.2.12 \| title=Official jubilee medals \| date=6 May 1935 \| work=[[The Evening Post (New Zealand)\|The Evening Post]] \| access-date=2 July 2013 \| page=4}}</ref> In the [[1946 Birthday Honours (New Zealand)\|1946 King's Birthday Honours]], Buck was appointed a [[Order of St Michael and St George\|Knight Commander of the Order of St Michael and St George]] for services to science and literature.<ref>{{London Gazette \|issue=37601 \|date=13 June 1946 \|supp=y \|page=2835}}</ref>▼ ▲In 1935, he was awarded the [[King George V Silver Jubilee Medal]].<ref name="EP">{{cite news \| url=http://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/cgi-bin/paperspast?a=d&cl=search&d=EP19350506.2.12 \| title=Official jubilee medals \| date=6 May 1935 \| work=[[The Evening Post (New Zealand)\|The Evening Post]] \| access-date=2 July 2013 \| page=4}}</ref> In the [[1946 Birthday Honours (New Zealand)\|1946 King's Birthday Honours]], Buck was appointed a [[Order of St Michael and St George\|Knight Commander of the Order of St Michael and St George]] for services to science and literature.<ref>{{London Gazette \|issue=37601 \|date=13 June 1946 \|supp=y \|page=2835}}</ref> In the [[1946 Birthday Honours (New Zealand)\|1946 King's Birthday Honours]], Buck was appointed a [[Order of St Michael and St George\|Knight Commander of the Order of St Michael and St George]] for services to science and literature.<ref>{{London Gazette \|issue=37601 \|date=13 June 1946 \|supp=y \|page=2835}}</ref> The [[Te Rangi Hiroa Medal]] is a social sciences award established in 1996 given biennially by the [[Royal Society of New Zealand]]. It is awarded for work in one of four disciplines: historical approaches to societal transformation and change; current issues in cultural diversity and cohesion; social and economic policy and development; and medical anthropology.<ref name=medal>{{cite web \|url= https://royalsociety.org.nz/what-we-do/medals-and-awards/te-rangi-hiroa-medal/ \|title=Te Rangi Hiroa Medal \|publisher=[[Royal Society of New Zealand]] \|access-date=1 September 2019}}</ref> One of the residential colleges of the [[University of Otago]] iswas named [[Te Rangi Hīroa College]] in 2013 in his honour.<ref>{{cite web \|title=Te Rangi Hiroa College – History \|url=https://www.otago.ac.nz/~~terangihiroa~~accommodation/~~history~~colleges/~~index~~terangihiroa.html \|website=University of Otago \|access-date=4 September 2019}}</ref> ==Bibliography== Line 127 ⟶ 132: {{Citation \|first = Eric \|last = Ramsden \|title = A memoir -- Te Rangihiroa: memorial to Sir Peter Buck \|place = Wellington, N.Z. \|publisher = Dept. of Maori Affairs \|year = 1954}} {{Citation \|first = M. P. K. \|last = Sorrenson \|title =Buck, Peter Henry 1877?-1951 Dictionary of New Zealand Biography, updated 7 April 2006. \|url = http://www.dnzb.govt.nz/dnzb/default.asp?Find_Quick.asp?PersonEssay=3B54 \|access-date = 2008-04-27}} * {{citation\|title=Weekly Review No. 395 - Interview...Sir Peter Buck {{!}} Short Film {{!}} NZ On Screen \|url=https://www.nzonscreen.com/title/weekly-review-no-395-1949 \|website=www.nzonscreen.com \|publisher=National Film Unit \|access-date=8 October 2023 \|language=en}} ==External links== Line 144 ⟶ 150: {{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:TeBuck, ~~Rangi Hiroa (~~Peter ~~Buck)~~}} [[Category:1877 births]] [[Category:1951 deaths]] Line 170 ⟶ 176: [[Category:Māori and Pacific Island scientists]] [[Category:Yale University faculty]] [[Category:New Zealand Athletics Championships winners]]