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{{About|text=For the city, see [[Santa Clara, California]]. For the wine region, see [[Santa Clara Valley AVA]].}}
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| foot_montage = Clockwise: [[Downtown San Jose]] skyline; Hillsides in [[Morgan Hill]]; [[Alviso, San Jose]]; View of [[Santa Clara Valley]]; [[Almaden Reservoir]] in [[South San Jose]]; [[Stanford University]].
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| demographics2_footnotes = <ref name="bea.gov">{{cite web |url = https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/GDPALL06085 |title = Gross Domestic Product: All Industries in Santa Clara County, CA|publisher = Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis |website = fred.stlouisfed.org}}</ref>
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| demographics2_info1 = $400.778 billion (2022)
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'''Santa Clara County''', officially the '''County of Santa Clara''', is the sixth-most populous county in the U.S. state of [[California]], with a population of 1,936,259
The [[county seat]] and largest city with a population of 971,233 is [[San Jose, California|San Jose]], the [[List of United States cities by population|13th-most populous city]] in the nation, [[List of cities and towns in California|California's third-most populous city]], and the [[List of cities and towns in the San Francisco Bay Area|most populous city in Northern California]].
Home to [[Silicon Valley]], Santa Clara County is an economic center for [[high technology]], and in 2015 had the third-highest gross domestic product (GDP) per capita in the world (after [[Zürich]], [[Switzerland]] and [[Oslo]], [[Norway]]), according to the [[Brookings Institution]].<ref>[http://www.bizjournals.com/sanjose/news/2015/01/23/san-jose-has-worlds-third-highest-gdp-per-capita.html Silicon Valley Business Journal – San Jose Area has World's Third-Highest GDP Per Capita, Brookings Says]</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.forbes.com/2010/03/04/america-richest-counties-lifestyle-real-estate-wealthy-suburbs.html|title=America's 25 Richest Counties|first=Francesca|last=Levy|website=[[Forbes]]|date=March 4, 2010}}</ref> Located on the southern coast of [[San Francisco Bay]], the urbanized [[Santa Clara Valley]] within Santa Clara County contains most of the county's population. More recently, extensive [[droughts in California]], further complicated by drainage of the Anderson reservoir within the county for seismic repairs, have strained the county's [[water security]].<ref>[https://gilroydispatch.com/anderson-reservoir-will-close-to-public-through-2030/] "Anderson Reservoir will close to public through 2030". Accessed March 30, 2022.</ref><ref>[https://amp.theguardian.com/us-news/2021/jun/12/dire-situation-silicon-valley-cracks-down-on-water-use-as-california-drought-worsens] "‘Dire situation’: Silicon Valley cracks down on water use as California drought worsens". Accessed June 23, 2022.</ref>▼
▲Home to [[Silicon Valley]], Santa Clara County is an economic center for [[high technology]], and
The county's concentration of wealth, primarily due to the tech industry, has made it the [[List of highest-income counties in the United States|most affluent county on the West Coast of the United States]] and the most affluent outside the [[Washington metropolitan area]]<ref>{{Cite web |date=December 18, 2019 |title=The 20 wealthiest counties in the U.S., including these Washington, DC, suburbs: Report |url=https://www.foxbusiness.com/money/washington-dc-suburbs-richest-counties |website=[[Fox Business]]}}</ref> and one of the most affluent places in the United States.<ref>{{cite web |date=April 25, 2017 |title=Richest Counties In The United States |url=http://www.worldatlas.com/articles/richest-counties-in-the-united-states.html}}</ref>▼
▲
==Etymology==▼
[[File:USA-San Jose-70 West Hedding Street-East Wing-2.jpg|thumb|left|Santa Clara County Government Center in central [[San Jose, California|San Jose]]]]▼
▲==Etymology==
▲[[File:USA-San Jose-70 West Hedding Street-East Wing-2.jpg|thumb|
Santa Clara County is named for [[Mission Santa Clara de Asís|Mission Santa Clara]], which was established in 1777, and was in turn named for [[Clare of Assisi|Saint Clare of Assisi]].<ref>{{cite book |last1=Shortridge |first1=Charles Morris |title=Santa Clara County and Its Resources: Historical, Descriptive, Statistical : a Souvenir of the San Jose Mercury : 1895 |date=1895 |publisher=San Jose Mercury Pub. & Print. Company |page=16 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=X7hCAQAAMAAJ&q=%22named+for+the+mission+of+santa+clara%22&pg=PA16}}</ref>
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{{main|History of Santa Clara County, California}}
[[File:1849 Oil Painting of Mission Santa Clara de Asis.png|thumb
Santa Clara County was one of the original [[list of counties in California|counties of California]], formed in 1850 at the time of statehood. The original inhabitants included the [[Ohlone]], residing on [[Coyote Creek (Santa Clara County)|Coyote Creek]] and [[Calaveras Creek (California)|Calaveras Creek]]. Part of the county's territory was given to [[Alameda County, California|Alameda County]] in 1853.<ref>{{Cite web |title=About Us {{!}} Alameda County |url=http://www.acgov.org/about/#:~:text=Alameda%20County,%20California,%20was%20established,Contra%20Costa%20and%20Santa%20Clara. |access-date=
▲Santa Clara County was one of the original [[list of counties in California|counties of California]], formed in 1850 at the time of statehood. The original inhabitants included the [[Ohlone]], residing on [[Coyote Creek (Santa Clara County)|Coyote Creek]] and [[Calaveras Creek (California)|Calaveras Creek]]. Part of the county's territory was given to [[Alameda County, California|Alameda County]] in 1853.<ref>{{Cite web |title=About Us {{!}} Alameda County |url=http://www.acgov.org/about/#:~:text=Alameda%20County,%20California,%20was%20established,Contra%20Costa%20and%20Santa%20Clara. |access-date=2023-06-13 |website=www.acgov.org}}</ref>
In 1882, Santa Clara County tried to levy taxes upon property of the [[Southern Pacific Transportation Company|Southern Pacific Railroad]] within county boundaries. The result was the [[U.S. Supreme Court]] case of ''[[Santa Clara County v. Southern Pacific Railroad Co.|Santa Clara County v. Southern Pacific Railroad]]'', [[Case citation|118 U.S. 394]] (1886), in which the court extended due-process rights to [[Juridical person|artificial legal entities]].
In the early 20th century, the area was promoted as the "Valley of the Heart's Delight" due to its natural beauty, including a significant number of [[orchard]]s.<ref>{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RyULAAAAIAAJ&pg=PA918 |page=918 |title=Automobiles: Good Roads |work=Sunset |volume=32 |year=1914}}</ref> The region was also memorably referred to as the "sun-kissed Santa Clara Valley" in Jack London's 1903 [[The Call of the Wild|Call of the Wild]].
The first major technology company to be based in the area was [[Hewlett-Packard]], founded in a garage in Palo Alto in 1939. [[IBM]] selected San Jose as its West Coast headquarters in 1943. [[Varian Associates]], [[Fairchild Semiconductor]], and other early innovators were in the county by the late 1940s and 1950s. The [[United States Navy|U.S. Navy]] had a large presence in the area and began giving large contracts to Silicon Valley electronics companies. The term "[[Silicon Valley]]" was coined in 1971. The trend accelerated in the 1980s and 1990s, and agriculture has since been nearly eliminated from the northern part of the county.
==Geography==
According to the [[United States Census Bureau|U.S. Census Bureau]], the county has a total area of {{convert|1291.08|sqmi|km2}}.<ref>{{Cite web |title=U.S. Census Bureau QuickFacts: Santa Clara County, California |url=https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/fact/table/santaclaracountycalifornia/LND110220#LND110220 |access-date=
Counties which border with Santa Clara County are, clockwise, [[Alameda County, California|Alameda County]], [[San Joaquin County, California|San Joaquin]] (within a few hundred feet at [[Mount Boardman]]), [[Stanislaus County, California|Stanislaus]], [[Merced County, California|Merced]], [[San Benito County, California|San Benito]], [[Santa Cruz County, California|Santa Cruz]], and [[San Mateo County, California|San Mateo County]]. Santa Clara County formerly shared borders with [[Contra Costa County, California|Contra Costa]], [[San Francisco, California|San Francisco]], [[Mariposa County, California|Mariposa]], [[Monterey County, California|Monterey]], and [[Tuolumne County, California|Tuolumne]] counties until 1853, 1856, 1874, and 1854 respectively (Monterey County currently comes within a few miles of Santa Clara).
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===Fauna===
[[File:Tule Elk - Merced National Wildlife Refuge Bill Leikam 12-03-2010.jpg|left |thumb
[[File:Tule Elk Basking Ridge Park, Santa Clara County Edgerton 2009-12-24.png
Both [[tule elk]] (''Cervus canadensis nannodes'') and [[pronghorn]] (''Antilocapra americana'') were historically [[native species|native]] to Santa Clara County. In June 1776, Lieutenant Commander Don [[José Joaquín Moraga]] led a group of soldiers and colonists from the Presidio of Monterey to establish [[Mission San Francisco de Asis]] and encountered both tule elk and pronghorn, and clearly distinguished these two species from deer.<ref name=DaneandPalou>{{cite journal |title= The Founding of the Presidio and Mission of Our Father Saint Francis |author1=George Ezra Dane |author2=Francisco Palóu |journal=California Historical Quarterly |date=June 1, 1935 |volume=14 |issue=2 |pages=102–110 |doi=10.2307/25160571 |jstor=25160571 }}</ref> The deer in California being [[California mule deer]] (''Odocoileus hemionus'').
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[[Herbert Eugene Bolton]] also wrote of elk reports from another Spanish expedition, from the [[De Anza Expedition]] on March 23, 1776: " In Gilroy Valley (Santa Clara Valley) Moraga 's larder was replenished by three elks which the men killed without leaving the road."<ref>{{cite book |title=Anza's California Expeditions Volume I. An Outpost of Empire. |author=Herbert Eugene Bolton |publisher=University of California Press |location=Berkeley, California |year=1930 |page=393}}</ref> [[John Bidwell|General John Bidwell]], of the 1841 [[Bartleson-Bidwell Party]] wrote: "In some of the fertile valleys, such as Napa and Santa Clara, there were elk literally by the thousand."<ref>{{cite book |title=John Bidwell, Prince of California Pioneers |author=Rockwell D. Hunt |page=75 |publisher=The Caxton Printers, Ltd. |location=Caldwell, Idaho |year=1942}}</ref>
In 1978, [[California Department of Fish and Game]] warden Henry Coletto urged the department to choose the [[Mount Hamilton (California)|Mount Hamilton]] area as one of California's relocation sites under a new statewide effort to restore tule elk. While other ranchers refused, tech pioneers [[Bill Hewlett]] and [[David Packard]] allowed Coletto and state biologists to translocate the initial 32 tule elk from the [[Owens Valley]] in the eastern [[Sierra Nevada|Sierra]] onto the {{convert|28,000|acre|ha|adj=on}} [[Rancho Cañada de San Felipe y Las Animas|San Felipe Ranch]], which the families jointly own, in the hills east of [[Morgan Hill, California|Morgan Hill]].<ref>{{cite news |title=Restoration of tule elk - California success story |publisher=Billings Gazette |date=December 6, 2006 |url=http://billingsgazette.com/news/features/article_7ffb810d-45cc-5305-9ee9-cf4f069fd9b4.html |access-date=January 27, 2013 }}</ref> From the three original 1978–1981 translocations (totaling 65 animals) to the Mount Hamilton region of the [[Diablo Range]], there are multiple herds in different locations including the Isabel Valley, [[San Antonio Valley, California|San Antonio Valley]], Livermore area, San Felipe Ranch, Metcalf Canyon, [[Coyote Ridge Open Space Preserve|Coyote Ridge]], [[Anderson Lake (California)|Anderson Lake]], and surrounding areas such as the [[Sunol, California|Sunol]] and [[Cottonwood Creek (San Luis Creek tributary)|Cottonwood Creek]] (near [[San Luis Reservoir]] in western [[Merced County, California]]) herds.<ref name=ElkBack>{{cite news |title=The elk are coming back- even to San Jose | author=Lisa M. Krieger |date=November 27, 2017 |newspaper=San Jose Mercury News |url=https://www.mercurynews.com/2017/11/27/with-elks-on-rebound-california-releases-new-management-plan/ |access-date=November 28, 2020 }}</ref> {{As of|2012}}, an estimated 400 tule elk roam {{convert|1875|km2|sqmi}} in northeastern Santa Clara County and southeastern [[Alameda County]].<ref>{{cite report |title="Safe Passage for the Coyote Valley - A Wildlife Linkage for the Highway 101 Corridor" |author1=Julie Phillips |author2=Ryan Phillips |author3=Neela Srinivasan |author4=Deborah Aso |author5=Wendy Lao |author6=Pat Cornely |name-list-style=amp |publisher=De Anza College |year=2012 |url=http://www.deanza.edu/es/wildlifecorrproj/Safe%20Passagelowres.pdf |access-date=January 27, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130927115425/http://www.deanza.edu/es/wildlifecorrproj/Safe%20Passagelowres.pdf |archive-date=September 27, 2013 |url-status=dead }}</ref> In March 2014 [[California Department of Fish and Wildlife|CDFW]] translocated nine bull elk from the [[San Luis National Wildlife Refuge]] to add genetic diversity to the San Antonio Valley Ecological Reserve herd in [[San Antonio Valley, California|San Antonio Valley]] in extreme eastern Santa Clara County.<ref>{{cite report |title=Elk Conservation and Management Plan |date=December 1, 2018 |publisher=California Department of Fish and Wildlife |url=https://nrm.dfg.ca.gov/FileHandler.ashx?DocumentID=162912&inline |access-date=February 3, 2020 }}</ref> As of 2017 there were four herds in the Coyote Ridge area, often visible from U. S. Highway 101, according to Craige Edgerton, recently retired executive director of the Silicon Valley Land Conservancy and local naturalist Michael Hundt.<ref>{{cite news |title=With elk on rebound, California releases new management plan |author=Lisa M. Krieger |date=November 27, 2017 |newspaper=The San Jose Mercury News |url=https://www.mercurynews.com/2017/11/27/with-elks-on-rebound-california-releases-new-management-plan/ |access-date=February 18, 2018 }}</ref> In 2019, a fifth herd of tule elk was documented by local naturalist Roger Castillo, likely having split from the Coyote Ridge herd and established itself in Silver Creek Valley around the closed Ranch Golf Club.<ref>{{cite news |title=documented by local naturalist Roger Castillo on video |author=Matt Bigler |date=March 4, 2019 |newspaper=KCBS Radio |url=https://kcbsradio.radio.com/blogs/matt-bigler/tule-elk-return-santa-clara-county |access-date=February 2, 2020 }}</ref> The elk herds in eastern Santa Clara County are blocked from dispersal to the west by U.S. Highway 101, with environmentalists advocating re-purposing the Metcalf Road bridge at the Coyote Gap into a wildlife overcrossing.<ref name=ElkBack/> This would enable elk to recolonize rural southwestern Santa Clara County, as well as [[Santa Cruz County, California|Santa Cruz]] and [[San Mateo County, California|San Mateo]] Counties.
In 1990, the [[California Department of Fish and Wildlife|California Department of Fish and Game]]'s Henry Coletto translocated excess pronghorn from [[Modoc County, California|Modoc County]] to six locations in California, including 51 animals to the San Felipe Ranch in Santa Clara County, where the swift-footed ungulates had not lived for generations.<ref>{{cite news |title=Works in Progress; 'Oh, Give Me a Home...' |author=Bruce Webber |date=April 18, 1990 |newspaper=New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1990/04/08/magazine/works-in-progress-oh-give-me-a-home.html |access-date=February 2, 2020 }}</ref> The animals left the San Felipe Ranch for the [[Isabel Valley|Isabel]] and [[San Antonio Valley, California|San Antonio]] Valleys, as well as an area near [[Lake Del Valle]] in [[Alameda County, California|Alameda County]] may now be extirpated by poaching, highway vehicle collisions, and insufficient numbers to defend pronghorn fawns against coyote predation.<ref>{{cite news |title=A little bit of yesterday today |author=Gilroy Dispatch Staff |date=December 10, 1999 |newspaper=Gilroy Dispatch |url=https://gilroydispatch.com/a-little-bit-of-yesterday-today/ |access-date=February 2, 2020 }}</ref> As of 2012, the Isabel Valley Ranch herd had dwindled to 3 animals, and the Lake del Valle herd to 13.<ref>{{cite report |title=2012 California Pronghorn Antelope Status Report and Management Plan Update |author=California Department of Fish and Game}}</ref> Currently, iNaturalist.org has zero observer records of pronghorn in Santa Clara County.<ref>{{cite web |title=Pronghorn in Santa Clara County |date=February 2, 2020 |url=https://www.inaturalist.org/observations?place_id=1250&taxon_id=42429 }}</ref>
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[[The Nature Conservancy]] "Mount Hamilton Project" has acquired or put under conservation easement {{convert|100000|acre|ha}} of land towards its {{convert|500000|acre|ha}} goal for habitat conservation within a {{convert|1200000|acre|ha}} area encompassing much of eastern Santa Clara County as well as portions of southern Alameda County, western [[Merced County|Merced]] and [[Stanislaus County|Stanislaus Counties]], and northern [[San Benito County]]. Acquisitions to date include the {{convert|1,756|acre|ha|adj=on}} [[Rancho Cañada de Pala]], straddling the [[Alameda Creek]] and [[Coyote Creek (Santa Clara County)|Coyote Creek]] watersheds for California tiger salamander habitat; a conservation easement on the 3,259-acre [[Blue Oak Ranch Reserve]], which abuts the north side of [[Grant Ranch Park|Joseph D. Grant County Park]]; a conservation easement on the 28,359-acre San Felipe Ranch, connecting Joseph D. Grant County Park with [[Henry W. Coe State Park]]; the 2,899-acre South Valley Ranch which protects a tule elk herd in the San Antonio Valley, and other properties.<ref>{{cite web |title=California: Mount Hamilton |publisher=The Nature Conservancy |url=http://www.nature.org/ourinitiatives/regions/northamerica/unitedstates/california/placesweprotect/mount-hamilton-1.xml |access-date=January 27, 2013 }}</ref><ref>{{cite report |title=Draft Environmental Impact Report and Environmental Impact Statement for the Santa Clara Valley Habitat Plan |publisher=County of Santa Clara, City of San José, City of Morgan Hill, City of Gilroy, Santa Clara Valley Water District, Santa Clara Valley Transportation Authority |date=December 2010|url=http://www.scv-habitatplan.org/www/Portals/_default/images/default/Public%20Draft/EIR%20EIS/SCV-HCP_EIR-EIS_Draft_Dec2010.pdf |access-date=January 27, 2013 }}</ref>
As of 1980, Santa Clara County had the highest number of [[List of Superfund sites in California|Superfund Sites]] of any county in the United States, accounting for 25 polluted locations requiring a long-term response to clean up hazardous material contaminations.<ref>P.L. 96-510, {{USC|42|9601|9675}}, December 11, 1980.</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=US Superfund Sites |publisher=Environmental Protection Agency |url=http://www.epa.gov/superfund/sites/query/queryhtm/nplfin.htm |access-date=August 7, 2013 }}</ref> {{As of|2019}}, Santa Clara County has 23 active Superfund Sites, still more than any other county in the United States.<ref>{{cite magazine |last=Schlossberg |first=Tatiana |date=September 22, 2019
==Demographics==
{{US Census population
| 1860 = 11912
| 1870 = 26246
| 1880 = 35039
| 1890 = 48005
| 1900 = 60216
| 1910 = 83539
| 1920 = 100676
| 1930 = 145118
| 1940 = 174949
| 1950 = 290547
| 1960 = 642315
| 1970 = 1064714
| 1980 = 1295071
| 1990 = 1497577
| 2000 = 1682585
| 2010 = 1781642
| 2020 = 1936259
|estyear=
|estimate=
|estref=<ref name="USCensusEst2023">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/popest/data/tables.html|title=Annual Estimates of the Resident Population for Counties: April 1, 2020 to July 1, 2023|publisher=United States Census Bureau|access-date=March 26, 2024}}</ref>
| align-fn = center
| footnote = U.S. Decennial Census<ref name="DecennialCensus">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/prod/www/decennial.html|title=Census of Population and Housing from 1790-2000|publisher=[[US Census Bureau]]|access-date=January 24, 2022}}</ref><br />1790–1960<ref>{{cite web|url=http://mapserver.lib.virginia.edu|title=Historical Census Browser|publisher=University of Virginia Library|access-date=October 4, 2015}}</ref> 1900–1990<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/population/cencounts/ca190090.txt|title=Population of Counties by Decennial Census: 1900 to 1990|publisher=United States Census Bureau|editor-last=Forstall|editor-first=Richard L.|date=March 27, 1995|access-date=October 4, 2015}}</ref><br />1990–2000<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/population/www/cen2000/briefs/phc-t4/tables/tab02.pdf|title=Census 2000 PHC-T-4. Ranking Tables for Counties: 1990 and 2000|publisher=United States Census Bureau|date=April 2, 2001|access-date=October 4, 2015}}</ref> 2010<ref name=2010CensusP2/> 2020<ref name=2020CensusP2/>
}}
===2020 census===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"
|+'''Santa Clara County, California – Racial and ethnic composition'''<br><small>{{nobold|''Note: the US Census treats Hispanic/Latino as an ethnic category. This table excludes Latinos from the racial categories and assigns them to a separate category. Hispanics/Latinos
!Race / Ethnicity <small>(''NH = Non-Hispanic'')</small>
!Pop 2010<ref name=2010CensusP2>{{Cite web|title=P2
!{{partial|Pop 2020}}<ref name=2020CensusP2>{{Cite web|title=P2
!% 2010
!{{partial|% 2020}}
|-
|[[Non-Hispanic or Latino whites|White]] alone (NH)
|626,909
|style='background: #ffffe6; |555,708
|35.19%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |28.70%
|-
|[[Non-Hispanic or Latino African Americans|Black or African American]] alone (NH)
|42,331
|style='background: #ffffe6; |42,148
|2.38%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |2.18%
|-
|[[Native Americans in the United States|Native American]] or [[Alaska Native]] alone (NH)
|4,042
|style='background: #ffffe6; |3,240
|0.23%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |0.17%
|-
|[[Asian Americans|Asian]] alone (NH)
|565,466
|style='background: #ffffe6; |753,399
|31.74%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |38.91%
|-
|[[Pacific Islander Americans|Pacific Islander]] alone (NH)
|6,252
|style='background: #ffffe6; |5,945
|0.35%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |0.31%
|-
|[[Race and ethnicity in the United States census|
|3,877
|style='background: #ffffe6; |10,195
|0.22%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |0.53%
|-
|[[Multiracial Americans|Mixed Race
|53,555
|style='background: #ffffe6; |78,267
|3.01%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |4.04%
|-
|[[Hispanic and Latino Americans|Hispanic or Latino]] (any race)
|479,210
|style='background: #ffffe6; |487,357
|26.90%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |25.17%
|-
|'''Total'''
|'''1,781,642'''
|style='background: #ffffe6; |'''1,936,259'''
|'''100.00%'''
|style='background: #ffffe6; |'''100.00%'''
|}
▲''Note: the US Census treats Hispanic/Latino as an ethnic category. This table excludes Latinos from the racial categories and assigns them to a separate category. Hispanics/Latinos can be of any race.''
=== 2018 ===
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==Politics==
Historically, Santa Clara County was a [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]] stronghold in presidential elections. From [[1872 United States presidential election in California|1872]] through [[1984 United States presidential election in California|1984]], the only [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democrats]] to carry Santa Clara County were [[Franklin Roosevelt]], [[Lyndon Johnson]], and [[Hubert Humphrey]]. However, [[1988 United States presidential election in California|1988]] would begin to mark a significant shift in the county's political leanings, starting with [[Michael Dukakis]]' narrow win and culminating in [[Bill Clinton]]'s substantial 20-point victory in [[1992 United States presidential election in California|1992]]. Since then, the Democratic presidential candidate has won Santa Clara County by large margins, and it also remains solidly blue in [[United States Congress|congressional]] elections, as all politicians representing the county at the state and federal level are known to be Democrats. The last Republican to win a majority in the county was [[Ronald Reagan]] in
{{PresHead|place=Santa Clara County, California|source=<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://uselectionatlas.org/RESULTS/index.html|title=Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections|last=Leip|first=David|website=uselectionatlas.org|access-date=September 2, 2018}}</ref>}}
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![[Republican Party (United States)|GOP]]
![[Democratic Party (United States)|DEM]]
|-
| style="text-align:center;" {{Party shading/Democratic}}|'''[[California gubernatorial election, 2022|2022]]'''
| style="text-align:center;" {{Party shading/Republican}}|30.0% ''162,518''
| style="text-align:center;" {{Party shading/Democratic}}|'''70.0%''' ''379,377''
|-
| style="text-align:center;" {{Party shading/Democratic}}|'''[[California gubernatorial election, 2018|2018]]'''
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According to the [[Secretary of State of California|California Secretary of State]], as of February 10, 2019, Santa Clara County has 895,965 registered voters. Of those, 405,470 (45.3%) are registered [[California Democratic Party|Democrats]], 151,213 (16.9%) are registered [[California Republican Party|Republicans]], and 308,769 (35.4%) have [[Decline to State|declined to state]] a political party.<ref>[https://elections.cdn.sos.ca.gov/ror/ror-odd-year-2019/county.pdf CA Secretary of State – Report of Registration – February 10, 2019]</ref>
As of November 2012, all of the cities, towns, and
Following the passage of [[California Proposition 8 (2008)|Proposition 8]], Santa Clara County joined [[San Francisco]] and [[Los Angeles]] in a [[Lawsuits to overturn Proposition 8|lawsuit]], becoming, along with San Francisco and Los Angeles, the first governmental entities in the world to sue for same-sex marriage.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://news.lp.findlaw.com/hdocs/docs/election2008/20081105-sf-la-prop8-petition.pdf|title=Herrera Joined by Los Angeles, Santa Clara Counterparts in Suing to Invalidate Prop 8|publisher=Office of the City Attorney of San Francisco|date=November 5, 2008|access-date=December 20, 2008}}</ref>
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=== Cities by population and crime rates ===
{| class="wikitable collapsible
|-
! colspan="9" | Cities by population and crime rates
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The county's economy is heavily services-based. Technology, both hardware and software, dominates the service sector by value, but like any other county, Santa Clara has its share of retail and office support workers.
The San Jose/Sunnyvale/Santa Clara metropolitan region, comprising Santa Clara County and San Benito County, was ranked as the highest performing metropolitan area in the US in 2012, ahead of [[Austin, Texas]] and [[Raleigh, North Carolina]], according to the [[Milken Institute]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.mercurynews.com/2013/01/16/santa-clara-county-economy-ranked-best-performing/ |first1=George |last1=Avalos |website=The Mercury News |title=Santa Clara County economy ranked best performing|date=January 16, 2013}}</ref> The GDP of the metro area reached $176.7 billion in 2011, or $94,587 per capita,<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://bea.gov/newsreleases/regional/gdp_metro/2013/pdf/gdp_metro0213.pdf |title=Economic growth continues across metropolitan areas in 2011 |website=U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis |access-date=July 31, 2013 |archive-date=July 24, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130724045721/http://www.bea.gov/newsreleases/regional/gdp_metro/2013/pdf/gdp_metro0213.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref> roughly on par with [[Qatar]] in both total GDP and per capita (nominal).<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://unstats.un.org/unsd/snaama/dnltransfer.asp?fID=2|title = National Accounts - Analysis of Main Aggregates (AMA) |website=National Accounts Section |publisher=United Nations Statistics Division}}</ref> GDP grew a strong 7.7% in 2011, and in contrast with most of California, GDP and per capita GDP (nominal) is well above 2007 (financial crisis) levels. Despite relative wealth vis a vis other regions nationally, a large underclass exists whose income is roughly equivalent to that elsewhere in the country, despite extreme land prices. The surge in metro GDP is highly correlated with home prices, which for average single-family homes passed $1 million ($1,017,528) in August 2013.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.heraldonline.com/2013/09/09/5191927/home-prices-in-santa-clara-county.html |date=
==Education==
===K-12 schools===
School districts include:<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www2.census.gov/geo/maps/DC2020/PL20/st06_ca/schooldistrict_maps/c06085_santa_clara/DC20SD_C06085.pdf|title=2020 CENSUS - SCHOOL DISTRICT REFERENCE MAP: Santa Clara County, CA|publisher=[[U.S. Census Bureau]]|accessdate=
; Unified
Line 1,003 ⟶ 1,013:
* [[Los Gatos Union Elementary School District]]
* [[Luther Burbank Elementary School District]]
* [[Moreland School|Moreland School District]]
* [[Mountain View Whisman Elementary School District]]
* [[Mount Pleasant Elementary School District]]
Line 1,025 ⟶ 1,035:
The county's main airport is [[San Jose International Airport|Norman Y. Mineta San José International Airport]] (SJC). It is a [[U.S. Customs and Border Protection]] [[port of entry]]<ref>[http://www.cbp.gov/xp/cgov/toolbox/contacts/ports/ca/2834.xml Port Of Entry - San Jose International Airport] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121030150859/http://www.cbp.gov/xp/cgov/toolbox/contacts/ports/ca/2834.xml |date=October 30, 2012 }}. Cbp.gov (September 28, 2005). Retrieved on July 21, 2013.</ref> and as of 2019 has five international routes (two to Canada, one to England, one to Japan, seven to Mexico, and one to China) but the airport's busiest routes are all to cities in the western United States. [[San Francisco International Airport]] (SFO) is also often used for commercial services by residents of Santa Clara County.
[[Moffett Federal Airfield]] (NUQ), a former U.S. [[Naval Air Station]], is used by the [[Air National Guard]], [[NASA]], [[Lockheed Martin]], [[Google]], and by the
===Rail===
{{multiple image
| direction = vertical
| align = left
| footer = The [[VTA light rail]] system serves 11 million people annually in [[Silicon Valley]].
| image1 = VTA train at Baypointe station, March 2005.jpg
| image2 = VTA LRT at Diridon Station (12541465765).jpg
}}
Santa Clara County is served by [[Caltrain]] [[commuter rail]] from [[Gilroy, California|Gilroy]] through [[Diridon Station|San Jose]] and Silicon Valley north to [[Millbrae Intermodal Terminal|San Francisco Airport]] and [[San Francisco 4th and King Street Station|San Francisco]]. The [[Santa Clara Valley Transportation Authority]] operates the [[VTA light rail]] system, which primarily serves San Jose, with one line continuing as far north as [[Mountain View, California|Mountain View]]. [[Santa Clara Transit Center|Santa Clara]] and [[San Jose Diridon station|San Jose]] are also served by the [[Altamont Corridor Express]] commuter rail line which provides services to [[Robert J. Cabral Station|Stockton]], and [[Amtrak]] which provides service to [[Sacramento Station|Sacramento]] and [[Oakland – Jack London Square (Amtrak station)|Oakland]]. The Amtrak [[Coast Starlight]] train between [[Seattle]] and [[Los Angeles]] also stops in San Jose. [[Bay Area Rapid Transit|BART]] currently services [[Milpitas station|Milpitas]] and [[Berryessa/North San José station|North San Jose]], with plans to [[Silicon Valley BART extension|extend to downtown San Jose and Santa Clara]].
Line 1,085 ⟶ 1,095:
* [[File:Santa Clara County Route G7 CA.svg|25px]] [[County Route G7 (California)|County Route G7]]—Bloomfield Avenue
* [[File:Santa Clara County Route G8 CA.svg|25px]] [[County Route G8 (California)|County Route G8]]—Almaden Expressway
* [[File:Santa Clara County Route G9 CA.svg|25px]] [[County Route G9 (California)|County Route G9]]
* [[File:Santa Clara County Route G10 CA.svg|25px]] [[County Route G10 (California)|County Route G10]]—Blossom Hill Road
* [[File:Santa Clara County Route G21 CA.svg|25px]] [[County Route G21 (California)|County Route G21]]—Capitol Expressway
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==Communities==
{{multiple image
| direction = vertical
| width =
| align = right
| image2 = Los Altos Main Street 2.jpg
| caption2 = [[Los Altos, California|Los Altos]] is the 3rd most expensive [[zip code]] in the United States.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/samanthasharf/2017/11/28/full-list-americas-most-expensive-zip-codes-2017/#5ff5abd85d19|title=Full List: America's Most Expensive ZIP Codes 2017|last=Sharf|first=Samantha|work=Forbes|access-date=December 5, 2017|language=en}}</ref>
| image3 = Ramona Street Architectural District, Palo Alto, CA 5-27-2012 2-48-37 PM.JPG
| caption3 = [[Palo Alto]] is the 5th most educated city<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.kron4.com/news/palo-alto-ranks-no-5-as-most-educated-in-u-s/1032931721|title=Kron4 - Palo Alto Ranks No. 5 as Most Educated in the U.S.}}</ref> and the 5th most expensive zip code in the United States.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.mercurynews.com/2016/03/29/palo-alto-atherton-crack-top-10-priciest-zip-codes-in-u-s/|title=Palo Alto, Atherton crack top 10 priciest ZIP codes in U.S.|date=March 29, 2016}}</ref>
| image6 = Memorial Arch Saratoga California.jpg
| caption6 = [[Saratoga, California|Saratoga]] is the 16th most educated and the 8th wealthiest city in the United States.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.mercurynews.com/2009/01/15/saratoga-among-most-educated-small-towns/|title=Saratoga among most educated small towns|date=January 15, 2009}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://madison.com/news/data/the-top-10-wealthiest-cities-in-america/collection_e18a584d-3258-56ca-8a34-797a7b089b49.html|title=The top 10 wealthiest cities in America|date=January 12, 2018|website=Wisconsin State Journal}}</ref>
| image5 = Main Street Los Gatos.jpg
| caption5 = [[Los Gatos, California|Los Gatos]] is the 33rd wealthiest city in the United States.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.bloomberg.com/bw/slideshows/20111206/america-s-richest-zip-codes-2011#slide20|title=America's Richest Zip Codes 2011|website=[[Bloomberg News]]|date=December 7, 2011 |access-date=June 21, 2012}}</ref>
| image4 = Votaw Building (1).jpg
| caption4 = [[Morgan Hill, California|Morgan Hill]] is the 17th most expensive place to live in the United States.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.businessinsider.com/most-expensive-housing-markets-2014-11|title=The 20 Most Expensive Housing Markets In America|first=Julie|last=Zeveloff|website=Business Insider}}</ref>
}}
Line 1,214 ⟶ 1,224:
* [[Madrone, Morgan Hill, California|Madrone]], now part of ''Morgan Hill''
* [[Redwood Estates, California|Redwood Estates]]
*
* [[San Antonio Valley, California|San Antonio]], also known as ''Deforest'' {{Circa|1892}}–1924
* [[Sveadal, California|Sveadal]]
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{{SF Bay Area}}
{{California}}
{{Authority control}}
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