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This antenna<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.sm.rim.or.jp/~ymushiak/sub.docu.1.htm|title=Y. Mushiake, ' "The input impedances of slit antennas,"''J. IEE of Japan'', Vol. 69, No. 3, Cumulative No. 725, March 1949. pp. 87-88. (in Japanese) |publisher=Sm.rim.or.jp |date= |accessdate=2014-01-07}}</ref><ref name="Uda">S. Uda, and Y. Mushiake, “The input impedances of slit antennas,” ''Tech. Rep. of Tohoku Univ.'', 14, 1, September 1949. pp. 46-59.</ref> is an arbitrarily shaped antenna which is constituted with a half of an infinitely extended planar-sheet conductor such that the shape of its complementary structure is exactly identical, or "self-complementary"<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.sm.rim.or.jp/~ymushiak/sub.docu.1.htm##%%|title=Y. Mushiake, '"Origination of self-complementary structure and discovery of its constant-impedance property."'''J. IEE of Japan'', Vol. 69, No. 3, March 1949. p. 88. (in Japanese)|publisher=Sm.rim.or.jp |date= |accessdate=2014-01-07}}</ref> with that of the original structure with two terminals for the simplest case. The self-complementary antenna has constant input [[Impedance of free space|impedance]]<ref name="MushiakeThe">Y. Mushiake, “The input impedances of slit antennas,” ''J. IEE Japan'', 69, 3, March 1949. pp. 87-88. (in Japanese)</ref><ref>Y. Mushiake, “Constant-impedance antennas," ''J. IECE Japan'', 48, 4, April 1965. pp. 580-584. (in Japanese)</ref> independent of the source frequency and the shape of the structure.
The type of the self-complementary antenna is not limited only to the case of a planar antenna with two terminals, but there are more general types<ref>http://www.sm.rim.or.jp/~ymushiak/sub.sca.htm</ref> of structures with various grades of complexity and infinite freedom in their structures, such as, the number of terminals, the number of reference planes, and others.<ref>{{cite web|url=|title=Y. Mushiake, ' "Self-complementary Antennas with infinite freedom in their shapes."'|publisher=Sm.rim.or.jp |date= |accessdate=2014-01-07}}</ref> They also have constant-impedance property independent of the source frequency and the shape of the structure for respective classes of structures with various grades of complexity. This general principle of self-complementarity is also called the "Mushiake Principle" by various sources.<ref>
Examples for two shapes of the structures are shown in the attached figures. The structures 1 to 3 are for square shape,<ref>T. Furuya, T. Ishizone,and Y. Mushiake, “Alternate-leaved Self-complementary Antenna and Its Application to High Gain Broadband Antenna”, ''IECE (presently IEICE), A・P, 77-43'', 1977, pp. 35-40. (in Japanese)</ref> and the structures 4 to 6 are spiral shape. Actually, the structures extend infinitely, but the figures show only finite portions near the feed point of each structure.
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