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[[Jenderal Besar|General of the Army]] [[Priyayi#Titles|Raden]] '''Soedirman''' ([[EYD|Perfected Spelling]]: '''Sudirman'''; 24 January 1916{{efn|name=A}} – 29 January 1950) was a high-ranking Indonesian military officer during the [[Indonesian National Revolution]]. The first commander-in-chief of the [[Indonesian Armed Forces]], he continues to be widely respected in Indonesia. Born in [[Purbalingga]], [[Dutch East Indies]], to a [[wong cilik|commoner]] and his wife, Sudirman was adopted by his uncle, a [[priyayi|noble]]. After the family moved to [[Cilacap]] in 1916, Sudirman was raised to be a diligent student; he was also highly active in extra-curricular activities, including a scouting
After [[Proclamation of Indonesian Independence|Indonesia proclaimed its independence]] on 17 August 1945, Sudirman led a break-out from the detention
On 19 December 1948, several days after Sudirman's release from the hospital, the Dutch launched [[Operation Kraai]], an attempt to capture Yogyakarta. While the political leadership took shelter at the [[Kraton Ngayogyakarta Hadiningrat|sultan's palace]], Sudirman, a small group of soldiers, and his personal doctor went south and began a seven-month [[guerrilla]] campaign. Initially followed by Dutch forces, Sudirman escaped and made his headquarters at Sobo, near [[Mount Lawu]], where he was able to command military activities in Java; this included a [[show of force]] in Yogyakarta on 1 March 1949, led by Lieutenant Colonel [[Suharto]]. When the Dutch began withdrawing, in July 1949 Sudirman was called back to Yogyakarta. Although he wanted to continue fighting the Dutch troops, he was forbidden by Sukarno. Sudirman had a relapse of tuberculosis; this led to him retiring to [[Magelang]]. He died slightly more than a month after the Dutch recognised Indonesia's independence and is buried at [[Kusumanegara Heroes' Cemetery|Semaki Heroes' Cemetery]] in Yogyakarta. Sudirman's death was grieved throughout Indonesia, with flags flown at [[half mast]] and thousands gathering to see his funeral convoy and procession. He continues to be highly respected in Indonesia. His guerrilla campaign has been credited with developing the army's ''[[esprit de corps]]'', and the {{convert|100|km|adj=on}} long route he took must be followed by Indonesian [[cadet]]s before graduation. Sudirman featured prominently on the 1968 series of [[Indonesian rupiah|rupiah]] banknotes, and has numerous streets, museums, and monuments named after him. On 10 December 1964 he was declared a [[National Hero of Indonesia]].
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