Tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase: Difference between revisions

Mammalian TRAP is encoded by one gene, which is localized on chromosome 19 (19p13.2–13.3) in humans, and on chromosome 9 in mice. TRAP DNA is, as expected from [[protein sequencing]], highly conserved throughout the class mammalia. The TRAP gene has been cloned and sequenced in porcine, rat, human, and murine species.<ref name="pmid8359686">{{cite journal | vauthors = Cassady AI, King AG, Cross NC, Hume DA | title = Isolation and characterization of the genes encoding mouse and human type-5 acid phosphatase | journal = Gene | volume = 130 | issue = 2 | pages = 201–207 | date = August 1993 | pmid = 8359686 | doi = 10.1016/0378-1119(93)90420-8 }}</ref>

Human, murine, and porcine TRAP genes all contain 5 exons, and have the ATG codon at the beginning of exon 2, with exon 1 being non-coding. Within the exon 1 promoter, there are three distinct “tissue-specific” [[promotor (biology)|promoters]]: 1A, 1B, and 1C.<ref name="pmid12706893">{{cite journal | vauthors = Walsh NC, Cahill M, Carninci P, Kawai J, Okazaki Y, Hayashizaki Y, Hume DA, Cassady AI | display-authors = 6 | title = Multiple tissue-specific promoters control expression of the murine tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase gene | journal = Gene | volume = 307 | pages = 111–123 | date = March 2003 | pmid = 12706893 | doi = 10.1016/S0378-1119(03)00449-9 }}</ref> This would allow TRAP expression to be tightly controlled.

TRAP gene transcription is regulated by the [[Microphthalmia-associated transcription factor]].<ref name="pmid10750559">{{cite journal | vauthors = Luchin A, Purdom G, Murphy K, Clark MY, Angel N, Cassady AI, Hume DA, Ostrowski MC | display-authors = 6 | title = The microphthalmia transcription factor regulates expression of the tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase gene during terminal differentiation of osteoclasts | journal = Journal of Bone and Mineral Research | volume = 15 | issue = 3 | pages = 451–460 | date = March 2000 | pmid = 10750559 | doi = 10.1359/jbmr.2000.15.3.451 | s2cid = 24064612 }}</ref><ref name="pmidunknown">{{cite journal | vauthors = Hoek KS, Schlegel NC, Eichhoff OM, Widmer DS, Praetorius C, Einarsson SO, Valgeirsdottir S, Bergsteinsdottir K, Schepsky A, Dummer R, Steingrimsson E | display-authors = 6 | title = Novel MITF targets identified using a two-step DNA microarray strategy | journal = Pigment Cell & Melanoma Research | volume = 21 | issue = 6 | pages = 665–676 | date = December 2008 | pmid = 19067971 | doi = 10.1111/j.1755-148X.2008.00505.x | s2cid = 24698373 | doi-access = free }}</ref>