Content deleted Content added
GreenC bot (talk | contribs) Move 1 url. Wayback Medic 2.5 per WP:URLREQ#articles.cnn.com |
Reverting edit(s) by 2601:985:4401:2620:30D8:99DA:1A1C:EF90 (talk) to rev. 1252395495 by Mathglot: Not providing a reliable source (RW 16.1) |
||
| (10 intermediate revisions by 7 users not shown) | |||
Line 1:
{{Short description|none}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=June 2016}}
{{broader|Transgender history}}
<!-- NOTE: When choosing pronouns to talk about persons in this article, per [[MOS:GENDERID]], please: "Give precedence to self-designation as reported in the most up-to-date reliable sources, even when it doesn't match what's most common in reliable sources. ... This applies in references to any phase of that person's life, unless the subject has indicated a preference otherwise. -->
[[File:Transgender Pride flag.svg|thumb|The [[Transgender Pride Flag]], created by American transgender woman [[Monica Helms]] in 1999,<ref name="Monica">{{cite web |url=http://www.gaylesbiantimes.com/?id=9721 |title=Gay and Lesbian Times |author=Brian van de Mark |date=10 May 2007 |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120906123604/http://www.gaylesbiantimes.com/?id=9721 |archive-date=6 September 2012 |access-date=3 November 2016 |df=dmy-all }}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine |url=http://www.advocate.com/arts-entertainment/art/2014/11/12/smithsonians-queer-collection | title=The Smithsonian's Queer Collection | magazine=[[The Advocate (LGBT magazine)|The Advocate]] | date=12 November 2014 | access-date=5 June 2015 | author=Fairyington, Stephanie}}</ref> and first shown at a pride parade in [[Phoenix, Arizona]], United States, in 2000<ref name=transcastro>[http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2012/11/20/transgender-flag_n_2166742.html "Transgender Flag Flies In San Francisco's Castro District After Outrage From Activists" by Aaron Sankin], ''HuffPost'', 20 November 2012.</ref>]]
Line 116 ⟶ 117:
The LGBT rights group [[Parents and Friends of Lesbians and Gays]] (PFLAG), founded in 1972, also became more supportive of transgender people at this time. In 1998 gender identity was added to their mission after a vote at their annual meeting in San Francisco.<ref name="bare_url_a">{{cite web|url=http://community.pflag.org/Page.aspx?pid=398 |title=PFLAG: Parents, Families, & Friends of Lesbians and Gays |publisher=PFLAG |access-date=May 15, 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120620050818/http://community.pflag.org/Page.aspx?pid=398 |archive-date=June 20, 2012 |df=mdy-all }}</ref> PFLAG was the first national LGBT organization to officially adopt a transgender inclusion policy for its work.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://community.pflag.org/page.aspx?pid=380 |title=PFLAG: Parents, Families, & Friends of Lesbians and Gays |publisher=PFLAG |access-date=May 15, 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120514141130/http://community.pflag.org/Page.aspx?pid=380 |archive-date=May 14, 2012 |df=mdy-all }}</ref> PFLAG established its Transgender Network, also known as TNET, in 2002, as its first official "Special Affiliate", recognized with the same privileges and responsibilities as its regular chapters.<ref name="bare_url_a" />
At this time the transgender community became more visible. A high school teacher in Lake Forest, Illinois, Karen Kopriva, became the first American teacher to transition on the job in 1998. There was considerable media uproar, but when another teacher followed the next year in a different suburb hardly anyone noticed.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Shapiro |first=Allison |date=2018-04-07 |title=First transgender teacher discusses life, activism |url=https://daily-journal.com/news/local/first-transgender-teacher-discusses-life-activism/article_5e568f24-3857-11e8-8c21-4b11331730c4.html |access-date=2024-03-30 |website=The Daily Journal |language=en}}</ref> The [[Transgender Day of Remembrance]] was founded in 1998 by [[Gwendolyn Ann Smith]], an American transgender graphic designer, columnist, and activist,<ref name="gwensmith.com">{{cite web |last=Smith |first=G. |year=2010 |title=Biography |url=http://www.gwensmith.com/background/biography.html |access-date=November 20, 2013 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080424004720/http://www.gwensmith.com/background/biography.html |archive-date=April 24, 2008 |df=mdy-all }}</ref> to memorialize the murder of transgender woman [[Rita Hester]] in Massachusetts in 1998.<ref name="BayWindows">{{cite news|last1=Jacobs|first1=Ethan|title=Remembering Rita Hester|url=http://www.baywindows.com/remembering-rita-hester-83295|access-date=February 6, 2016|work=Bay Windows|date=November 13, 2008}}</ref> The Transgender Day of Remembrance is held every year on November 20 and now memorializes all those murdered due to transphobic hate and prejudice.<ref name="Transgenderdor.org">{{cite web |url=http://www.transgenderdor.org/?page_id=4 |title=About TDOR | Transgender Day of Remembrance |website=Transgenderdor.org |date=November 28, 1998 |access-date=May 15, 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110723151936/http://www.transgenderdor.org/?page_id=4 |archive-date=July 23, 2011 |df=mdy-all }}</ref> The most prominent version of the [[Transgender Pride flag]] was created in 1999 by the American trans woman Monica Helms.<ref name=GLT>[https://web.archive.org/web/20120321180125/http://www.gaylesbiantimes.com/?id=9721 ''Gay and Lesbian Times'']. Brian van de Mark, May 10, 2007</ref> The flag was first shown at a pride parade in [[Phoenix, Arizona]], in 2000. In 2012 Spokane Trans created their own version of the transgender pride flag. They describe it on their web site as follows: "The top two stripes represent male (blue) to female (pink). The purple represents non-binary and [[genderqueer]] people (as the genderqueer flag colors are green, white and purple) the thin white stripe represents all people as well as the "line" trans* folks cross during their transition. Then the female (pink) to male (blue) along the bottom."<ref name="Spokane Trans* Flag">{{cite web|url=http://spokanetranspeople.tumblr.com/post/24639645647/the-trans-flag |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141219084602/http://spokanetranspeople.tumblr.com/post/24639645647/the-trans-flag |url-status=dead |archive-date=December 19, 2014 |title=Spokane Trans* Flag |access-date=November 28, 2014 }}</ref> In 2009 the [[International Transgender Day of Visibility]] was founded by [[Rachel Crandall Crocker]], also the founder of TransGender Michigan; it is an annual holiday occurring on March 31, dedicated to celebrating transgender people and raising awareness of discrimination faced by transgender people worldwide.<ref>{{cite news|title=Nenshi proclaims Trans Day of Visibility|url=
Transgender visibility in the LGBT community also gathered force in the 2000s. In 2002, Pete Chvany, Luigi Ferrer, James Green, [[Loraine Hutchins]] and [[Monica McLemore]] presented at the Gay, Lesbian, Bisexual, Transgender, Queer and Intersex Health Summit, held in Boulder, Colorado, marking the first time transgender people, bisexual people, and intersex people were recognized as co-equal partners on the national level rather than gay and lesbian "allies" or tokens.<ref name="binetusa">{{cite web|url=http://www.binetusa.org/bihealth.html|title=Timeline: The Bisexual Health Movement in the US|publisher=BiNetUSA|access-date=September 5, 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190207185405/http://www.binetusa.org/bihealth.html|archive-date=February 7, 2019|url-status=dead}}</ref> In 2004 the [[San Francisco Trans March]] was first held.<ref name="transmarch.org">{{cite web|url=http://www.transmarch.org/about |title=About the San Francisco Trans March |website=Transmarch.org |date=June 25, 2004 |access-date=November 6, 2012}}</ref> It has been held annually since; it is San Francisco's largest transgender Pride event and one of the largest trans events in the entire world.<ref name="transmarch.org"/> Also in 2004 the book ''[[The Man Who Would Be Queen|The Man Who Would Be Queen: The Science of Gender-Bending and Transsexualism]]'' by the highly controversial researcher [[J. Michael Bailey]] was announced as a finalist in the Transgender category of the 2003 [[Lambda Literary Awards]]. Transgender people immediately protested the nomination and gathered thousands of petition signatures in opposition within a few days. After the petition, the Foundation's judges examined the book more closely, decided that they considered it [[transphobia|transphobic]] and removed it from their list of finalists.<ref>{{cite web
Line 147 ⟶ 148:
| publisher = [[Fox News Channel]]
| date = November 16, 2006
| url =
| access-date = October 12, 2009
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20090318190503/http://www.foxnews.com/story/0,2933,229937,00.html
| archive-date = March 18, 2009
| url-status =
}}
</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://hawaii.gov/elections/results/2010/general/files/histatewide.pdf |title=Archived copy |website=hawaii.gov |access-date=15 January 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101209192251/http://hawaii.gov/elections/results/2010/general/files/histatewide.pdf |archive-date=9 December 2010 |url-status=dead}}</ref> In 2008 [[Stu Rasmussen]] became the first openly transgender mayor in America (in Silverton, Oregon).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.sturasmussen.com/realityCheck.htm |title=Stu Rasmussen for Mayor - Reality Check |website=Sturasmussen.com |access-date=May 15, 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120420133725/http://www.sturasmussen.com/realityCheck.htm |archive-date=April 20, 2012 |df=mdy-all }}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/americas/us-election-diary-the-sex-change-we-can-all-believe-in-1003960.html |title=US election diary: The sex change we can all believe in |newspaper=The Independent |date=November 9, 2008 |access-date=May 15, 2012 |location=London}}</ref> In 2009 [[Diego Sanchez]] became the first openly transgender person to work on [[Capitol Hill]], where he worked as a legislative assistant for [[Barney Frank]].<ref>{{cite web |last=Lavers |first=Michael K. |url=http://www.edgeboston.com/index.php?ch=news&sc=&sc3=&id=84890 |title=HRC Applauds Naming of Diego Sanchez to Key Legislative Staff Position for Chairman Barney Frank |work=EDGE Boston |date=December 18, 2008 |access-date=May 15, 2012 |archive-date=October 19, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151019104840/http://www.edgeboston.com/index.php?ch=news&sc=&sc3=&id=84890 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Sanchez was also the first transgender person on the [[Democratic National Committee]]'s (DNC) Platform Committee in 2008.<ref>{{cite web|last=Yager |first=Jordy |url=https://thehill.com/capital-living/20947-i-was-not-a-pretty-girl-and-i-felt-like-i-was-a-man/ |title=I was not a pretty girl, and I felt like I was a man |work=The Hill |date=March 10, 2009 |access-date=May 15, 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last=Lavers |first=Michael K. |url=http://www.edgeboston.com/index.php?ch=news&sc=glbt&sc3=&id=72406 |title=First Black Transsexual Delegate Headed to Dems' Convention |work=EDGE Boston |date=March 31, 2008 |access-date=May 15, 2012 |archive-date=October 19, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151019104841/http://www.edgeboston.com/index.php?ch=news&sc=glbt&sc3=&id=72406 |url-status=dead }}</ref> In 2009, [[Barbra "Babs" Siperstein]] was nominated and confirmed as the first openly transgender at-large member of the Democratic National Committee,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.jerseycityindependent.com/2011/08/17/trailblazing-transgender-rights-advocate-babs-siperstein-tapped-as-hudson-pride-parade-grand-marshal/ |title=Trailblazing Transgender Rights Advocate Babs Siperstein Tapped as Hudson Pride Parade Grand Marshal |publisher=The Jersey City Independent |date=August 17, 2011 |access-date=May 15, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110820212146/http://www.jerseycityindependent.com/2011/08/17/trailblazing-transgender-rights-advocate-babs-siperstein-tapped-as-hudson-pride-parade-grand-marshal/ |archive-date=August 20, 2011 |url-status=dead }}</ref> and in 2012 she became the first elected openly transgender member of the DNC.<ref>{{cite web|author=Noah K. Murray/The Star Ledger |url=http://www.nj.com/politics/index.ssf/2012/09/nj_woman_to_break_new_ground_a.html |title=N.J. woman to break new ground as first elected transgender DNC member |work=The Star-Ledger |date= September 2, 2012|access-date=November 6, 2012}}</ref>
Line 166 ⟶ 167:
In the 2010s openly transgender people became increasingly prominent in entertainment. [[Chaz Bono]] became a highly visible transgender celebrity when he appeared on the 13th season of the US version of ''[[Dancing with the Stars (U.S. TV series)|Dancing with the Stars]]'' in 2011, which was the first time an openly transgender man starred on a major network television show for something unrelated to being transgender.<ref name="Great2011">{{cite news|title=Op-ed: 14 Reasons That Made 2011 Great for Trans People|url=http://www.advocate.com/society/transgendered/2011/12/28/14-reasons-made-2011-great-trans-people|access-date=February 6, 2016|work=The Advocate|date=December 28, 2011}}</ref> He also made ''Becoming Chaz'', a documentary about his gender transition that premiered at the 2011 [[Sundance Film Festival]]. OWN (the Oprah Winfrey Network) acquired the rights to the documentary and debuted it on May 10, 2011. Also in 2011, [[Harmony Santana]] became the first openly transgender actress to receive a major acting award nomination when she was nominated by the [[Independent Spirit Awards]] as Best Supporting Actress for the movie ''[[Gun Hill Road (film)|Gun Hill Road]]''.<ref name="Great2011" /> In 2012, ''Bring It On: The Musical'' premiered on Broadway, and it featured the first transgender teenage character ever in a Broadway show – La Cienega, a transgender woman played by actor [[Gregory Haney]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.playbill.com/news/article/169103-It-Aint-No-Thing-Bring-It-On-The-Musical-Cheers-On-Broadways-First-Transgender-Teen-Character |title='It Ain't No Thing': Bring It On: The Musical Cheers On Broadway's First Transgender Teen Character |work=Playbill |access-date=November 6, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130106195615/http://www.playbill.com/news/article/169103-It-Aint-No-Thing-Bring-It-On-The-Musical-Cheers-On-Broadways-First-Transgender-Teen-Character |archive-date=January 6, 2013 |url-status=dead |df=mdy-all }}</ref> That same year singer [[Laura Jane Grace]] of [[Against Me!]] made headlines when she publicly came out as transgender.<ref name="huffingtonpost.com">{{cite news|url=http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2012/05/08/tom-gabel-transgender-against-me_n_1501731.html |title=Tom Gabel Transgender: Against Me! Singer Reveals New Name |work=HuffPost |date= May 8, 2012|access-date=November 6, 2012}}</ref> She is the first major rock star to come out as transgender.<ref name="huffingtonpost.com" /> Director [[Lana Wachowski]], formerly known as Larry Wachowski, came out as transgender in 2012 while doing publicity for her movie ''[[Cloud Atlas (film)|Cloud Atlas]]''.<ref name="abcnews.go.com">{{cite web|url=https://abcnews.go.com/blogs/entertainment/2012/08/matrix-director-comes-out-as-transgender/ |title='Matrix' Director Comes Out as Transgender |publisher=ABC News |date=August 1, 2012 |access-date=November 6, 2012}}</ref> This made her the first major Hollywood director to come out as transgender.<ref name="ReferenceA">{{cite news|url=http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2012/07/30/matrix-director-sex-change-larry-wachowski_n_1720944.html |title=Larry Wachowski Transgender: 'Matrix' Director Reveals Transition To Lana Wachowski (VIDEO) |work=HuffPost |date= July 30, 2012|access-date=November 6, 2012}}</ref>
In the 2010s transgender people also made more inroads in politics. In 2010 [[Amanda Simpson]] became the first openly transgender presidential appointee in America when she was appointed as senior technical adviser in the Commerce Department's Bureau of Industry and Security.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://abcnews.go.com/Politics/amanda-simpson-transgender-presidential-appointee-begins-work-commerce/story?id=9477161 |title=Amanda Simpson, First Transgender Presidential Appointee, Begins Work at Commerce Department |publisher=ABC News |date=January 5, 2010 |access-date=May 15, 2012}}</ref> Also in 2010, [[Victoria Kolakowski]] became the first openly transgender judge in America.<ref>{{cite news|last=Sheridan |first=Michael |url=http://articles.nydailynews.com/2010-11-17/news/27081592_1_transgender-election-coverage-judicial-elections |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120707010515/http://articles.nydailynews.com/2010-11-17/news/27081592_1_transgender-election-coverage-judicial-elections |url-status=dead |archive-date=July 7, 2012 |title=California elects nation's first openly transgender judge, Victoria Kolakowski |work=New York Daily News|location=New York |date=November 17, 2010 |access-date=May 15, 2012}}</ref> In 2012 [[Stacie Laughton]] became the first openly transgender person elected as a state legislator in United States history. However, she resigned before she was sworn in and was never seated. It was revealed that she was a convicted felon and was still on probation, having served four months in Belknap County House of Corrections following a 2008 credit card fraud conviction. It was later determined that she was ineligible to serve in the New Hampshire State Legislature.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.buzzfeed.com/chrisgeidner/new-hampshire-elects-nations-first-trans-lawmaker |title=New Hampshire Elects Nation's First Out Trans Lawmaker|publisher=buzzfeed.com |date=November 8, 2012 |access-date=November 8, 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2012/11/27/stacie-laughton-resigns-transgender-new-hampshire-state-rep_n_2200297.html?ir=Gay+Voices|title=Stacie Laughton Resigns: Transgender New Hampshire Rep May Step Down Following News Of Criminal Past |work=HuffPost |date= November 27, 2012|access-date=January 6, 2013 |first=Curtis |last=Wong}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://nashua.patch.com/groups/politics-and-elections/p/laughton-told-she-s-not-eligible-drops-out-of-special-election |title=Laughton Told She's Not Eligible, Drops Out of Special Election |date=January 3, 2013 |access-date=July 5, 2014}}</ref> Previously, in 1992 [[Althea Garrison]] had been elected as a state legislator, serving one term in the Massachusetts House of Representatives, but it was not publicly known she was transgender when she was elected.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.glbtq.com/social-sciences/elected_officials,2.html |title=Social sciences - Elected Officials |publisher=glbtq |date=November 13, 2006 |access-date=May 15, 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140714173926/http://www.glbtq.com/social-sciences/elected_officials%2C2.html |archive-date=July 14, 2014 |df=mdy-all }}</ref> In 2017, [[Danica Roem]] was elected to the [[Virginia House of Delegates]].<ref name="nbc-14jun2017">{{cite news|last1=Moreau|first1=Julie|title=Transgender Candidate Danica Roem Wins Virginia Primary, Makes History|url=https://www.nbcnews.com/feature/nbc-out/transgender-candidate-danica-roem-wins-virginia-primary-makes-history-n772486|access-date=June 18, 2017|publisher=NBC News|date=June 14, 2017}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/local/virginia-politics/she-is-transgender-he-proposed-a-bathroom-bill-theyre-running-against-each-other-in-northern-virginia/2017/06/14/078f22a4-50b9-11e7-be25-3a519335381c_story.html|title=She is transgender. He proposed a 'bathroom bill'. They're running against each other in Northern Virginia.|last=Olivo|first=Antonio|date=June 14, 2017|newspaper=The Washington Post|access-date=October 12, 2017|issn=0190-8286}}</ref> She became the first openly transgender person to both be elected to a U.S. state's legislature <!---See talk page before changing wording--->and serve her term.<ref>[[Althea Garrison]] served a term in the [[Massachusetts House of Representatives]] after being outed, but subsequent to winning her election in 1992. [[Stacie Laughton]] was elected in 2012 to the [[New Hampshire House of Representatives]] while openly transgender, but did not serve her term.</ref><ref>{{cite web|last1=Johnson|first1=Chris|title=Va. trans candidate wins primary, now faces anti-LGBT lawmaker|url=https://www.washingtonblade.com/2017/06/13/va-trans-candidate-wins-primary-face-anti-gay-lawmaker/|website=Washington Blade: Gay News, Politics, LGBT Rights|access-date=8 November 2017|date=13 June 2017}}</ref><ref name="wapo-07nov2017">{{cite news |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/local/virginia-politics/danica-roem-will-be-vas-first-openly-transgender-elected-official-after-unseating-conservative-robert-g-marshall-in-house-race/2017/11/07/d534bdde-c0af-11e7-959c-fe2b598d8c00_story.html |author=Olivo, Antonio |date=November 8, 2017 |newspaper=The Washington Post |title=Danica Roem of Virginia to be first openly transgender person elected, seated in a U.S. statehouse |access-date=8 November 2017}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.washingtonblade.com/2017/06/21/danica-roem-campaign-not-based-gender/|title=Danica Roem: Campaign is 'not based on my gender'|last=Lavers|first=Michael|date=June 21, 2017|work=Washington Blade |access-date=October 12, 2017}}</ref> Also in 2017, Tyler Titus, a transgender man, became the first openly transgender person elected to public office in Pennsylvania when he was elected to the Erie School Board.<ref>{{cite web|first=Ed |last=Palattella |url=http://www.dispatch.com/news/20171108/transgender-man-wins-school-board-seat-in-pennsylvania |title=Transgender man wins school board seat in Pennsylvania |work=The Columbus Dispatch |access-date=December 5, 2017}}</ref> He and [[Phillipe Cunningham]], elected to the Minneapolis City Council on the same night, became the first two openly trans men to be elected to public office in the United States.<ref name=WashingtonBlade>{{cite web |url=http://www.washingtonblade.com/2017/11/08/phillipe-cunningham-first-trans-man-elected-u-s-public-office/ |title=Phillipe Cunningham makes history as Minnesota trans male candidate |first=Chris |last=Johnson |date=November 8, 2017 |publisher=[[Washington Blade]] |access-date=December 27, 2017}}</ref> [[Andrea Jenkins]] was also elected to the Minneapolis City Council that same night, making her the first openly transgender African-American woman elected to public office in the United States.<ref>{{cite news|last=Chia |first=Jessica |url=http://www.nydailynews.com/news/politics/transgender-person-color-elected-public-office-u-s-article-1.3618121 |title=First openly transgender African American woman elected |newspaper=Daily News|location=New York |date=November 8, 2017 |access-date=February 12, 2018}}</ref>
[[File:Laverne Cox at San Francisco Trans March 2015.jpg|thumb|left|LGBTQ activist and actress [[Laverne Cox]] at San Francisco Trans March 2015]]
Line 211 ⟶ 212:
In June 2023, [[Seth Marnin]] became the first openly transgender judge in New York and the first openly transgender male judge in the United States.<ref name=":Seth1">{{Cite web |last=Leblanc |first=Jeanne |date=2023-07-18 |title=UConn Law Alum Blazes Trail as Transgender Judge |url=https://today.uconn.edu/2023/07/uconn-law-alum-blazes-trail-as-transgender-judge/ |access-date=2023-07-22 |website=UConn Today |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Swoyer |first=Alex |date=2023-06-09 |title=Nation's First Trans Male Judge Appointed to State Court in New York |url=https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2023/jun/9/nations-first-trans-male-judge-appointed-state-cou/ |access-date=2023-07-22 |website=[[The Washington Times]] |language=en-US}}</ref>
In July 2023, at the 132nd DAR Continental Congress presided over by President General [[Pamela Rouse Wright]], the [[Daughters of the American Revolution|National Society Daughters of the American Revolution]] voted to add an amendment to their bylaws protecting transgender women from discrimination on the basis of biological sex in their membership application processes.<ref>{{cite news |last= Zurick|first= Maura|date= July 26, 2023|title= Daughters of the American Revolution Members Quit Over Transgender Fears |url= https://www.newsweek.com/daughters-american-revolution-must-accept-transgender-members-1815641|work= [[Newsweek]]|location= [[Washington, D.C.]]|access-date= August 22, 2023}}</ref> Colonel [[Teagan Livingston]], a transgender woman and retired U.S. Air Force officer, had previously joined the Daughters of the American Revolution in 2022.<ref>{{cite web |url= https://www.thetimes.com/world/article/historic-us-womens-group-daughters-american-revolution-trans-row-dd0gfr2p2|title= Historic US women’s group provokes anger by allowing trans members|last= McDonald-Gibson|first= Charlotte|date= March 14, 2024|website= [[The Times]]|publisher= |access-date= October 20, 2024}}</ref>
In September 2023, the [[California State Assembly]] voted to recognize August as Transgender History Month, beginning in 2024. California is the first U.S. state to make such a declaration.<ref name="ln-7sep2023">{{cite news |last1=Russell |first1=John |title=California just became the first U.S. state to establish Transgender History Month |url=https://www.lgbtqnation.com/2023/09/california-just-became-the-first-u-s-state-to-establish-transgender-history-month/ |access-date=September 7, 2023 |work=[[LGBTQ Nation]] |date=September 7, 2023}}</ref>
Some sociologists have estimated that the amount of individuals that identify as transgender in the United States has almost reached twenty million.<ref name="D 2016 p. 8">{{cite book | last=D | first=D.J.B.P. | title=Being Transgender: What You Should Know | publisher=ABC-CLIO | year=2016 | isbn=978-1-4408-4525-3 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=uMJHDQAAQBAJ&pg=PA8 | access-date=2023-06-24 | page=8}}</ref><ref name="J 2020 p. 187">{{cite book | last=J | first=M.L. | title=The Plasticity of Sex: The Molecular Biology and Clinical Features of Genomic Sex, Gender Identity and Sexual Behavior | publisher=Elsevier Science | year=2020 | isbn=978-0-12-815969-9 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wWW8DwAAQBAJ&pg=PA187 | access-date=2023-06-24 | page=187}}</ref>
In January 2024, Lieutenant Colonel [[Bree Fram]] was promoted to the rank of [[Colonel (United States)|colonel]] in the [[United States Space Force]], becoming the first transgender woman colonel and the highest-ranking transgender military officer in the United States.<ref>https://www.out.com/out100/2024/groundbreakers/bree-fram</ref>
==Recent history by topic (1970s–present)==
Line 277 ⟶ 280:
{{Main|Transgender legal history in the United States}}
The Trans Rights Indicator Project (TRIP) provides country-year data on legal rights protections relevant to transgender minorities
<ref>Trans Legislation Tracker. 2023. “The Rise of Anti-Trans Bills.” (https://translegislation.com/learn).</ref> Legal issues regarding transgender persons in the United States began in 1966 with ''Mtr. of Anonymous v. Weiner'', concerning a person who wanted their birth certificate name and sex updated following gender-affirming surgery. Changes to passports, licenses, birth certificates, and other official documents remained a theme from the 60s through 2010, when the State Department allowed gender on U.S. passports to be altered.<ref>{{cite web |title=8 FAM 403.3 Gender Change |publisher=United States Department of State |date=June 27, 2018 |url=https://fam.state.gov/FAM/08FAM/08FAM040303.html |access-date=July 18, 2018}}</ref>
Other major themes in transgender-related legislation or regulatory action included provisions to protect against discrimination in housing, employment, health care, public restroom usage, the military, insurance coverage, and other areas of public life. On January 25, 2021, U.S. President Joe Biden issued an executive order which revoked the transgender military ban.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefing-room/presidential-actions/2021/01/25/executive-order-on-enabling-all-qualified-americans-to-serve-their-country-in-uniform/|title=Executive Order on Enabling All Qualified Americans to Serve Their Country in Uniform|date=January 25, 2021|website=The White House|access-date=February 25, 2021}}</ref>
Line 290 ⟶ 294:
Also in 2014, [[Facebook]] introduced dozens of options for users to specify their gender, including a custom gender option, as well as allowing users to select between three pronouns: "him", "her" or "their".<ref name="Facebook">{{cite web | url= https://abcnews.go.com/blogs/headlines/2014/02/heres-a-list-of-58-gender-options-for-facebook-users/| title= Here's a List of 58 Gender Options for Facebook Users| date= February 13, 2014 | publisher= abc NEWS| first= Russell| last= Goldman| access-date=August 27, 2014}}</ref> Later that year Facebook added a gender-neutral option for users to use when identifying family members, for example Parent (gender neutral) and Child (gender neutral).<ref name="Facebook2">{{cite web | url= http://www.sociobits.org/2014/04/neutral-gender-identity-family-members/| title= Facebook Expands Neutral Gender Identity To Family Options| date= April 2, 2014| publisher= sociobits.org| first= Sreedev| last= Sharma| access-date=August 27, 2014}}</ref>
Also in 2014, [[Google Plus]] introduced a new gender category called "Custom", which generates a freeform text field and a pronoun field, and also provides users with an option to limit who can see their gender.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.deccanchronicle.com/141213/technology-science-and-trends/article/google-plus-launches-customised-gender-options-facility|title=Google Plus launches 'customised' gender options facility|work=Deccan Chronicle|access-date=December 19, 2014|date=December 13, 2014}}</ref> The conflate of terms "gender identity" and "sexual orientation" in LGBT research comes from limitations in data accessibility. <ref>Haider-Markel, Donald, Taylor, Jami, Flores, Andrew, Lewis, Daniel, Miller, Patrick, and Tadlock, Barry. 2019. “Morality Politics and New Research on Transgender Politics and Public Policy.” The Forum 17(1): 159–81</ref>
=== Marriage and parenting ===
Line 360 ⟶ 364:
* [[Transgender inequality#Transgender people's legal rights in the United States|Transgender people's legal rights in the United States]]
* [[Transgender disenfranchisement in the United States]]
* [[Transgender personnel in the United States military]]
* [[Transphobia in the United States]]
* [[LGBT people in prison]]
Line 383 ⟶ 388:
[[Category:Transgender history in the United States| ]]
[[Category:Transgender topics in the United States| ]]
| |||