Transgender history in the United States: Difference between revisions

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Transgender people also made groundbreaking strides in entertainment. In 2001 [[Jessica Crockett]] became the first transgender female actress to play a transgender character on television, on [[James Cameron]]'s TV series ''[[Dark Angel (2000 TV series)|Dark Angel]]''.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.ejumpcut.org/archive/jc57.2016/-Feder-JuhaszTransActivism/index.html |title=Does visibility equal progress? A conversation on trans activist media |last1=Feder |first1=Sam |last2=Juhasz |first2=Alexandra |year=2016 |work=[[Jump Cut (journal)|Jump Cut]] |archive-url=https://archive.today/20180824015809/https://www.ejumpcut.org/archive/jc57.2016/-Feder-JuhaszTransActivism/index.html |archive-date=August 24, 2018 |url-status=live |access-date=August 24, 2018 |df=mdy-all }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.hivplusmag.com/print-issue/2017/11/29/these-transparent-stars-are-making-tv-history?pg=full |title=These Transparent Stars Are Making TV History |last=Artavia |first=Davis |date=November 29, 2017 |work=HIVPlusMag |archive-url=https://archive.today/20180824015748/https://www.hivplusmag.com/print-issue/2017/11/29/these-transparent-stars-are-making-tv-history?pg=full |archive-date=August 24, 2018 |url-status=live |access-date=August 24, 2018 |df=mdy-all }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.autostraddle.com/55-trans-women-actresses-you-should-know-and-also-love-382311/ |title=58 Trans Women Actresses You Should Know and Also Love |last=Bernard |first=Marie Lyn |date=August 8, 2017 |work=[[Autostraddle]] |archive-url=https://archive.today/20180824020405/https://www.autostraddle.com/55-trans-women-actresses-you-should-know-and-also-love-382311/ |archive-date=August 24, 2018 |url-status=live |access-date=August 24, 2018 |df=mdy-all }}</ref> In 2004, the first all-transgender performance of ''[[The Vagina Monologues]]'' was held. The monologues were read by eighteen notable transgender women, and a new monologue revolving around the experiences and struggles of transgender women was included.<ref>{{cite magazine |last1=Ensler |first1=Eve |title=Eve Ensler to Mount Holyoke Students: "I Never Defined a Woman as a Person with a Vagina" |url=https://time.com/3672912/eve-ensler-vagina-monologues-mount-holyoke-college/ |access-date=October 19, 2021 |magazine=Time |date=January 19, 2015 |language=en}}</ref> In 2005 [[Alexandra Billings]] became the second openly transgender woman to have played a transgender character on television, which she did in the made-for-TV movie ''Romy and Michelle: A New Beginning''.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/tv-and-radio/tvandradioblog/2014/oct/10/-sp-alexandra-billings-transgender-actor-transparent|title=Alexandra Billings, transgender actor: 'Transparent came up when I had nothing to lose'|newspaper=The Guardian|access-date=October 30, 2014|date=October 10, 2014|last1=Thrasher|first1=Steven W.}}</ref> From 2007 to 2008 actress [[Candis Cayne]] played Carmelita Rainer, a transgender woman having an affair with married New York Attorney General Patrick Darling (played by [[William Baldwin]]), on the [[American Broadcasting Company|ABC]] prime time drama ''[[Dirty Sexy Money]]''.<ref name="October Surprises">{{cite web |last=Brownworth | first=Victoria A. | title=October Surprises | work=[[Bay Area Reporter]]| date=October 18, 2007 | url =http://ebar.com/arts/art_article.php?sec=lavendertube&article=49 | access-date=October 20, 2007}}</ref><ref name="Advocate 2009-03">{{cite news|title=I Advocate&nbsp;...|date=March 2009|work=[[The Advocate (LGBT magazine)|The Advocate]]|publisher=Issue #1024|page=80}}</ref><ref name="Metro UK 2008-03-13">{{cite web|work=Metro|location=UK|date=March 13, 2008|url=http://www.metro.co.uk/fame/article.html?in_article_id=117834&in_page_id=7&expand=true |title=Transsexual beauty makes TV history|access-date=February 20, 2009}}</ref> The role made Cayne the first openly transgender actress to play a recurring transgender character in prime time.<ref name="October Surprises"/><ref name="Advocate 2009-03"/><ref name="Metro UK 2008-03-13"/>
 
The American transgender community also achieved some firsts in religion around this time. In 2002 at the Reform Jewish seminary [[Hebrew Union College-Jewish Institute of Religion]] in New York the Reform rabbi [[Margaret Wenig]] organized the first school-wide seminar at any rabbinical school which addressed the psychological, legal, and religious issues affecting people who are transsexual or intersex.<ref name="Hebrew Union College - Jewish Institute of Religion, Faculty, Rabbi Margaret Moers Wenig, D.D.">{{cite web|url=http://huc.edu/faculty/faculty/MargaretWenig.shtml |access-date=April 2, 2013 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130623080230/http://huc.edu/faculty/faculty/MargaretWenig.shtml |archive-date=June 23, 2013 |title=Rabbi Margaret Moers Wenig, D.D.}}</ref> In 2003 she organized the first school-wide seminar at the [[Reconstructionist Rabbinical College]] which addressed the psychological, legal, and religious issues affecting people who are transsexual or intersex.<ref name="Hebrew Union College - Jewish Institute of Religion, Faculty, Rabbi Margaret Moers Wenig, D.D."/> Also in 2003, [[Reuben Zellman]] became the first openly transgender person accepted to the [[Hebrew Union College-Jewish Institute of Religion]], where he was ordained in 2010.<ref name="Forward.com">{{cite web|url=http://forward.com/articles/14854/transgender-jews-now-out-of-closet-seeking-commun-/ |title=Transgender Jews Now Out of Closet, Seeking Communal Recognition |date=January 2009 |publisher=Forward.com |access-date=November 6, 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.jewishmosaic.org/page/load_page/50 |title=Mosaic: The Reform Movement on LGBT Issues |publisher=Jewish Mosaic |access-date=November 6, 2012 |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070506220137/http://www.jewishmosaic.org/page/load_page/50 |archive-date=May 6, 2007 |df=mdy-all }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.bethelberkeley.org/aboutus/rabbi-zellman |title=Rabbi Zellman |publisher=bethelberkeley.org |access-date=November 6, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131007023144/http://www.bethelberkeley.org/aboutus/rabbi-zellman |archive-date=October 7, 2013 |url-status=dead |df=mdy-all }}</ref> [[Elliot Kukla]], who came out as transgender six months before his ordination in 2006, was the first openly transgender person to be ordained by the Hebrew Union College-Jewish Institute of Religion.<ref name="Forward.com"/> [[HUC-JIR]] is the oldest extant Jewish seminary in the Americas and the main seminary for training rabbis, cantors, educators, and communal workers in [[Reform Judaism]]. In 2007 [[Joy Ladin]] became the first openly transgender professor at an Orthodox Jewish institution (Stern College for Women of [[Yeshiva University]]).<ref>{{cite book|title=Through the Door of Life: A Jewish Journey between Genders |first=Joy |last=Ladin |date=March 15, 2012 |publisher=University of Wisconsin Press |isbn = 978-0299287306}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.sjjcc.org/arts/performance-guest-speakers/ |title=Performance & Guest Speakers |publisher=Sjjcc.org |access-date=November 6, 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130314060544/http://www.sjjcc.org/arts/performance-guest-speakers/ |archive-date=March 14, 2013 |df=mdy-all }}</ref> Emily Aviva Kapor was ordained privately by a rabbi she defined as "[[Conservadox]]" in 2005, but did not begin living as a woman until 2012, thus becoming the first openly transgender female rabbi.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://forward.com/articles/180230/emily-aviva-kapor-creating-a-jewish-community-for/|title=Emily Aviva Kapor: Creating a Jewish Community for Trans Women|publisher=The Forward |date=July 15, 2013 |access-date=October 25, 2013}}</ref>
 
===2010s and 2020s===