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{{short description|American architect and designer of the Gabaldon school buildings}}
{{Use American English|date=March 2023}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=March 2023}}
{{Infobox person
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| name = William Edward Parsons
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| nationality = [[United States|American]]
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| known_for = <!---Gabaldon school building designs--->
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| style = <!---Hybrid colonial-tropical style--->
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'''William Edward Parsons''' (June 19, 1872
==Biography==
[[File:Municipal market, Paco, Manila, 1911 LCCN2006686202.tif|thumb|Paco Market]]
Parsons was born in June 1872 in [[Akron, Ohio]].{{NoteTag|name=tomb}} He was educated at [[Yale University]] and [[École des Beaux-Arts]] in [[Paris]].
During the early years of the American colonial era, Governor-General of the Philippines [[Howard Taft]] favored a comprehensive building construction and city planning in the country.{{r|Bronson}} [[William Cameron Forbes]], having recently appointed as commissioner to the Philippines, sought out [[Daniel Burnham]] to create plans for the cities of [[Baguio]] and [[Manila]].{{r|notes}} Burnham and architect Pierce Anderson drew up preliminary plans based from site surveys in 1904 and 1905, free of charge on Burnham's end. The plans were followed by a recommendation of a well-trained architect for the government's plan, as Burnham ended his involvement on the plans in the Philippines.{{r|dreams}}{{r|hines}}
[[File:BurnhamPlanOf-Manila.jpg|thumb|Burnham's preliminary plan for Manila, which was partially applied in the city.]]
He received a salary from the Government which paid the cost of plans, etc. Also, he was allowed to engage in private practice, and maintained a separate office during most of his years in Manila. He served until February, 1914, resigning because "there seemed to be no further progress to be made under the scuttle policy of the present administration." He was replaced by his assistant, George Corner Fenhagen, as the Consulting Architect of the Philippine government.<ref name="AR41"/>▼
Parsons was recommended by Burnham for the position, who at that time was practicing [[architecture]] in [[New York City]], having recently graduated from [[École des Beaux-Arts]], Paris. Parsons arrived at Manila in November 1905, tasked to "interpret" the preliminary plans prepared by Burnham and Anderson for Manila and Baguio, and modify these as needed. Parsons also prepared his own preliminary city plans for [[Cebu City]] in 1912, in line with the [[City Beautiful movement]]. In this plan the [[Cebu Provincial Capitol]] was conceptualized to be positioned at the northern end of Jones Avenue (now [[Osmeña Boulevard]]).<ref>{{Cite web |last=mcosep |date=2018-11-11 |title=History through the walls |url=https://cebudailynews.inquirer.net/203126/history-through-the-walls |access-date=2024-06-26 |website=Cebu Daily News |language=en}}</ref> Parsons would also supervise plans for building projects for the Bureau of Public Works.{{r|govgenpi}} Several public buildings and parks designed by Parsons are a hybrid of colonial architecture and that of the Philippines, which is a tropical country. Such designs also adopted the use of local material, such as hardwoods and [[capiz shell]]s for [[window sash]] in place of glass to reduce sunlight glare (see [[Capiz shell window|Capiz-shell window]]).{{r|Rebori}}
▲<!-------He received a salary from the Government which paid the cost of plans, etc.
He died on December 17, 1939 at his home in [[New Haven, Connecticut]].<ref name=obit>{{cite news |author= |agency=[[Associated Press]] |title=Architect and Educator, William E. Parsons, Dies |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/20246311/william_edward_parsons_the_architect/ |quote= |newspaper=[[Detroit Free Press]] |date=December 18, 1939 |accessdate=2018-05-21 }}</ref>▼
==Works==
*[[Gabaldon School Buildings]]
*[[Malacañan sa Sugbo|Customs Office]],
*[[Manila Army and Navy Club]] Building, Manila
*[[Elks Club Building (Manila)|Manila Elks Club]], Manila
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*[[Paco railway station]], Manila
*[[Philippine General Hospital]]
*[[National Museum Western Visayas|(Old) Provincial Jail]], Iloilo City
*H.A. Bordner Building, [[Manila Science High School]]
*[[Philippine Normal University|Philippine Normal School]]
*Provincial Capitol (Old) of Laguna Province in [[Santa Cruz, Laguna]]
*Provincial Capitol (Old) of Nueva Ecija in [[Cabanatuan
*University Hall of the [[University of the Philippines Manila]]
*[[The Mansion, Baguio|The Mansion House]], Baguio{{r|mansion}}
*Provincial Capitol (Old) of Capiz Province in [[Roxas City, Capiz]]
*Casa
*Rizal Old Capitol, Pasig{{r|rizal}}
==See also==
*[[Architecture of the Philippines]]
==
{{NoteFoot|refs=
{{Reflist}}▼
{{NoteTag|name=tomb|His tombstone uses June 19, 1872; likely the baptismal date. June 17, 1872 comes from the transcription of Ohio Births and Christenings, 1821–1962. The discrepancy may have been a transcription error.|{{r|grave}}}}
{{NoteTag|name=dumaguete|Casa Gobiyerno was built in 1920 and demolished in 1935.|}}{{citation needed|date=November 2020}}
}}
== External links ==
* [https://archives.newberry.org/repositories/2/resources/992 William Edward Parsons papers] at [[Newberry Library|The Newberry]]
* [https://archives.newberry.org/repositories/2/resources/1219 Stanton, Schilling, and Parsons family papers] at [[Newberry Library|The Newberry]]
== References ==
|refs=
<ref name="notes">{{Cite journal |date=1905 |title=Notes: Mr. Burnham in Manila |url=https://hdl.handle.net/2027/mdp.39015033430086 |journal=Architectural Record |volume=17 |pages=77 |hdl=2027/mdp.39015033430086 |via=HathiTrust Digital Library}}</ref>
<!----{{r|notes}}----->
<ref name="dreams">{{Cite journal |last=Robinson |first=Charles Mulford |date=1905 |title=New Dreams for Cities |url=https://hdl.handle.net/2027/mdp.39015033430086 |journal=Architectural Record |volume=17 |pages=421 |hdl=2027/mdp.39015033430086 |via=HathiTrust Digital Library}}</ref>
<!----{{r|dreams}}----->
<ref name="Rebori">{{Cite journal |last=Rebori |first=A.N. |title=Architectural record v.41 1917 Jan–Jun. |url=https://hdl.handle.net/2027/mdp.39015033430185 |journal=Architectural Record |language=en |volume=41 |pages=305–324 |hdl=2027/mdp.39015033430185 |via=HathiTrust Digital Library}}</ref>
<!----{{r|Rebori}}----->
<ref name="govgen">{{Citation |author=Philippine Commission |title=Seventh annual report of the Philippine Commission, part 2 |url=http://name.umdl.umich.edu/acx1716.1906.002 |pages=198; 365–370 |year=1906 |access-date=November 26, 2020}}</ref>
<!----{{r|govgen}}----->
<ref name="govgenpi">{{Cite web |last=Governor general, Philippine Islands |date=1908 |title=Report of the governor general of the Philippine Islands. |url=http://name.umdl.umich.edu/acx1716.1908.002 |access-date=December 2, 2020}}</ref>
<!----{{r|govgenpi}}----->
<ref name="Bronson">{{Cite journal |last=Bronson |first=Rea |title=Details and description of the Burnham plans for the reconstruction of Manila |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=cH1CAQAAIAAJ |journal=The Far Eastern Review |year=1906 |volume=3 and 4 |pages=322 |via=Google Books}}</ref>
<!----{{r|Bronson}}----->
<ref name="hines">{{Cite journal |last=Hines |first=Thomas S. |date=February 1, 1972 |title=The Imperial Façade: Daniel H. Burnham and American Architectural Planning in the Philippines |url=https://online.ucpress.edu/phr/article-abstract/41/1/33/75343/The-Imperial-Facade-Daniel-H-Burnham-and-American?redirectedFrom=fulltext |journal=Pacific Historical Review |language=en |volume=41 |issue=1 |pages=33–53 |doi=10.2307/3638224 |jstor=3638224 |issn=0030-8684}}</ref>
<!----{{r|hines}}----->
▲
<!----{{r|ded}}----->
<ref name="grave">{{Cite web |title=Collection: William E. and Myra L. Parsons papers|url=https://archives.yale.edu/repositories/12/resources/4348 |access-date=November 26, 2020 |website=archives.yale.edu}}</ref>
<!----{{r|grave}}----->
<ref name="mansion">{{Cite web |title=Mansion House (Presidential Museum and Library) |url=http://malacanang.gov.ph/about/malacanang/mansion-house/ |access-date=November 27, 2020 |language=en-US}}</ref>
<!----{{r|mansion}}----->
<ref name="cebu">{{Cite web |last=Engalla |first=Jay-lleen |date=August 3, 2015 |title=Restoring Gabaldon Schoolhouses |url=https://cebudailynews.inquirer.net/65255/restoring-gabaldon-schoolhouses}}</ref>
<!----{{r|cebu}}----->
<ref name="rizal">{{Cite web |last=Alcazaren |first=Paulo |date=November 9, 2002 |title=Hidden Capitol |url=https://www.philstar.com/lifestyle/modern-living/2002/11/09/183255/hidden-capitol}}</ref>
<!----{{r|rizal}}----->
}}
{{Authority control}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Parsons, William E.}}
[[Category:19th-century American architects]]
[[Category:American alumni of the École des Beaux-Arts]]
[[Category:Yale University alumni]]
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