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Line 1: {{Short description\|Ruler of the Almohad Caliphate from 1184 to 1199}} {{Use dmy dates\|date=~~August~~January ~~2013~~2024}} {{~~Refimprove~~More citations needed\|date=December 2009}} {{Infobox ~~monarch~~royalty \| name = Yaqub Al-Mansur \| title = [[Amir al-Mu'minin]] Line 15: \| father = [[Abu Yaqub Yusuf]] \| mother = \| birth_date = ~~1160~~ \| birth_place = \| death_date = {{death date and age\|1199\|1\|23\|1160\|df=yes}} \| death_place = [[Marrakesh]] \| date of burial = \| place of burial = ~~Marrakesh~~[[Tinmal]] \| spouse = Ammet Allah bint Abu Isaac<ref>{{Cite book \|last1=al-Fāsī \|first1=ʻAlī ibn ʻAbd Allāh Ibn Abī Zarʻ \|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1eqtODKlq1cC&q=m%C3%A8re \|title=Roudh el-Kartas: Histoire des souverains du Maghreb (Espagne et Maroc) et annales de la ville de Fès \|last2=al-Gharnāṭī \|first2=Ṣāliḥ ibn ʻAbd al-Ḥalīm \|date=1860 \|publisher=Impr. impériale \|pages=326 \|language=fr \|quote=...had as mother a legitime wife (of his father) Ammet Allah (servant of God), daughter of the sid Abou Ishac ben Abd el-Moumen ben Aly}}</ref><br />Safiya bint Abu Abdallah ben Merdnych<ref>{{Cite book \|last1=al-Fāsī \|first1=ʻAlī ibn ʻAbd Allāh Ibn Abī Zarʻ \|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1eqtODKlq1cC&q=m%C3%A8re \|title=Roudh el-Kartas: Histoire des souverains du Maghreb (Espagne et Maroc) et annales de la ville de Fès \|last2=al-Gharnāṭī \|first2=Ṣāliḥ ibn ʻAbd al-Ḥalīm \|date=1860 \|publisher=Impr. impériale \|pages=355 \|language=fr \|quote=His mother... Safya ... daughter of emir Abou Abd Allah ben Merdnych}}</ref> \| issue = [[Muhammad al-Nasir]]<br />[[Idris al-Ma'mun]] Line 26: }} '''Abū Yūsuf Yaʿqūb ibn Yūsuf ibn Abd al-Muʾmin al-Manṣūr''' ({{Lang-ar\|أبو يوسف يعقوب بن يوسف بن عبد المؤمن المنصور}}; cd. ~~1160 –~~ 23 January 1199 ~~[[Marrakesh]]~~), commonly known as '''Yaqub al-Mansur''' ({{Lang\|ar\|يعقوب المنصور}}) or '''Moulay Yacoub''' ({{Lang\|ar\|مولاي يعقوب}}), was the third [[Almohad Caliphate\|Almohad]] [[Caliph]].<ref name="miranda">{{Cite encyclopedia\|year=1986\|title=Abū Yūsuf Yaʿḳūb b. Yūsuf b. ʿ Abd al-Muʾmin al-Manṣūr\|encyclopedia=[[Encyclopaedia of Islam]]\|publisher=[[Brill Publishers]]\|url=https://referenceworks.brillonline.com/entries/encyclopaedia-of-islam-2/abu-yusuf-yakub-b-yusuf-b-abd-al-mumin-al-mansur-SIM_0278\|last=Huici Miranda\|first=A.\|orig-year=1960\|publication-place=Leiden, Netherlands\|edition=2nd\|volume=I\|page=165\|isbn=9004081143\|editor1-link=Peri Bearman\|editor3-link=Clifford Edmund Bosworth\|editor5-link=Wolfhart Heinrichs\|editor1-last=Bearman\|editor1-first=P.\|editor2-last=Bianquis\|editor2-first=Th.\|editor3-last=Bosworth\|editor3-first=C.E.\|editor4-last=van Donzel\|editor4-first=E.\|editor5-last=Heinrichs\|editor5-first=W.P.}}</ref> Succeeding his father, al-Mansur reigned from 1184 to 1199. His reign was distinguished by the flourishing of trade, architecture, philosophy and the sciences, as well as by victorious military campaigns in which he was successful in repelling the tide of the ''[[Reconquista]]'' in the [[Iberian Peninsula]]. ==Military actions== Al-Mansur's father was killed in [[Portugal]] on 29 July 1184; upon reaching [[Seville]] with his father's body on 10 August, he was immediately proclaimed the new caliph.<ref name=miranda/> Al-Mansur vowed revenge for his father's death, but fighting with the [[Banu Ghaniya]], delayed him in Africa. After inflicting a new defeat on the Banu Ghaniya, he set off for the [[Iberian Peninsula]] to avenge his father's death.▼ ~~{{further\|Sieges of Silves (1190–1191)}}~~ ▲Al-Mansur's father was killed in [[Portugal]] on 29 July 1184; upon reaching [[Seville]] with his father's body on 10 August, he was immediately proclaimed the new caliph.<ref name=miranda/> Al-Mansur vowed revenge for his father's death, but fighting with the [[Banu Ghaniya]], delayed him in Africa. After inflicting a new defeat on the Banu Ghaniya, he set off for the [[Iberian Peninsula]] to avenge his father's death. His 13 July 1190 [[siege of [[Tomar]], center of the [[Order of Christ (Portugal)\|Portuguese Templars]], failed to capture the fortress. However, further south he in 1191 recaptured a major fortress, [[Paderne Castle]] and the surrounding territory near Albufeira, in the [[Algarve]] – which had been controlled by the [[Portuguese people\|Portuguese]] army of [[Sancho I of Portugal\|King Sancho I]] since 1182. Having inflicted other defeats on the Christians and captured major cities, he returned to the Maghreb with three thousand Christian captives. Upon Al-Mansur's return to Africa, however, Christians in [[Iberian Peninsula]] resumed the offensive, capturing many of the Moorish cities, including [[Silves Municipality, Portugal\|Silves]], [[Vera, Almería\|Vera]], and [[Beja, Portugal\|Beja]]. Line 53 ⟶ 52: ==Death and legacy== He died on 23 January 1199 in ~~[[Marrakech]]~~Marrakesh.<ref name="miranda2">{{Cite encyclopedia\|year=1986\|title=Abū Yūsuf Yaʿḳūb b. Yūsuf b. ʿ Abd al-Muʾmin al-Manṣūr\|encyclopedia=[[Encyclopaedia of Islam]]\|publisher=[[Brill Publishers]]\|url=https://referenceworks.brillonline.com/entries/encyclopaedia-of-islam-2/abu-yusuf-yakub-b-yusuf-b-abd-al-mumin-al-mansur-SIM_0278\|last=Huici Miranda\|first=A.\|orig-year=1960\|publication-place=Leiden, Netherlands\|edition=2nd\|volume=I\|page=166\|isbn=9004081143\|editor1-link=Peri Bearman\|editor3-link=Clifford Edmund Bosworth\|editor5-link=Wolfhart Heinrichs\|editor1-last=Bearman\|editor1-first=P.\|editor2-last=Bianquis\|editor2-first=Th.\|editor3-last=Bosworth\|editor3-first=C.E.\|editor4-last=van Donzel\|editor4-first=E.\|editor5-last=Heinrichs\|editor5-first=W.P.}}</ref> He was buried temporarily in his palace in Marrakesh before being taken to his final burial place in [[Tinmal]], where previous Almohad caliphs and [[Ibn Tumart]] were also buried.<ref name=":23" />{{Rp\|page=109}} His victory in [[Battle of Alarcos\|Alarcos]] was remembered for centuries later, when the tide of war turned against the Muslim side. It is recounted by the historian [[Ibn Abi Zar]] in his 1326 ''[[Rawd al-Qirtas]]'' ("History of the Rulers of the Maghreb").<ref>French translation by A. Beaumier, 1860</ref> The town of [[Moulay Yacoub]], outside of [[Fes\|Fez]], Morocco, is named after Al-Mansur,{{Citation needed\|date=April 2023}} and is best known for its therapeutic hot springs. {{S-start}} Line 71 ⟶ 69: ==References== {{Reflist}} ~~<references/>~~ {{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Yaqub Al-Mansur}} [[Category:1160s births]] [[Category:1199 deaths]] [[Category:12th-century ~~Almohad~~ caliphs]] [[Category:12th-century monarchs in Africa]] [[Category:Almohad caliphs]] [[Category:12th-century Berber people]] [[Category:People of the Reconquista]]