Semyon Zinovyevich Alapin (Russian: Семён Зиновьевич Алапин; 19 November [O.S. 7 November] 1856 – 15 July 1923) was a Russian chess player, openings analyst, and puzzle composer. He was also a linguist, railway engineer and a grain commodities merchant.
Semyon Zinovyevich Alapin | |
|---|---|
 Drawing of Alapin | |
| Born | November 19, 1856 |
| Died | July 15, 1923 (aged 66) |
| Occupation(s) | railway engineer, grain commodities merchant |
| Known for | Analyzing chess openings |
Biography
editBorn in Saint Petersburg, Russia, into a Jewish family on 19 November [O.S. 7 November] 1856,[1] nephew of the Jewish memoirist Pauline Wengeroff. He was one of the strongest chess players in the Russian Empire in the late 19th century. Due to the 1917 Revolution in Russia, he had to spend his final years in exile. He died in Heidelberg, Germany, on 15 July 1923.
Legacy
editToday he is best known for his creation of opening systems in almost all major openings. Most of these are of little significance today, but Alapin's Variation of the Sicilian Defence is an important opening line that is often played by leading grandmasters.
List of openings named after Alapin
edit- Alapin's Variation of the Sicilian Defence: 1. e4 c5 2. c3
- Alapin's Opening in the Open Game: 1. e4 e5 2. Ne2!?
- Alapin's Gambit of the French Defence: 1. e4 e6 2. d4 d5 3. Be3!?
- Alapin's Defence of the Ruy Lopez: 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 Bb4
- Alapin's Variation of the Caro-Kann Defence: 1. e4 c6 2. c3
- Alapin's Variation of the Dutch Defence (also known as the "Manhattan Variation"): 1. d4 f5 2. Qd3
- Alapin's Variation of the Queen's Gambit: 1. d4 d5 2. c4 e6 3. Nc3 b6
- Alapin–Steinitz Variation of the Evans Gambit: 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bc4 Bc5 4. b4 Bxb4 5. c3 Ba5 6. 0-0 d6 7. d4 Bg4
- Sanders–Alapin Variation of the Evans Gambit: 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bc4 Bc5 4. b4 Bxb4 5. c3 Ba5 6. 0-0 d6 7. d4 Bd7
See also
editReferences
edit- Hooper, David and Kenneth Whyld (1996). The Oxford Companion To Chess. Oxford University. ISBN 0-19-280049-3.
- ^ "Шахматное наследие Алапина". Archived from the original on 2016-08-17. Retrieved 2016-07-23.
External links
edit- Semyon Alapin player profile and games at Chessgames.com