Details for log entry 5100091

06:47, 27 July 2011: Amirobot (talk | contribs) triggered filter 409, performing the action "edit" on Abdullah Gül. Actions taken: none; Filter description: news sources on BLPs (examine)

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'{{Infobox President | name = Abdullah Gül |honorific-suffix = <br/><small>[[Order of the Bath|GCB]]</small> <small> [[Order of Prince Henry|GColIH]]</small> <small> [[Nishan-e-Pakistan|NPk]]</small> | image = Abdullah Gül.jpg | office = 11th [[President of Turkey]] | term_start = 28 August 2007 | term_end = | primeminister = [[Recep Tayyip Erdoğan]] | predecessor = [[Ahmet Necdet Sezer]] | office2 = [[List of Prime Ministers of Turkey|Prime Minister of Turkey]] | president2 = [[Ahmet Necdet Sezer]] | term_start2 = 18 November 2002 | term_end2 = 14 March 2003 | predecessor2 = [[Bülent Ecevit]] | successor2 = [[Recep Tayyip Erdoğan]] | office3 = [[Deputy Prime Minister of Turkey]] | term_start3 = 28 March 2003 | term_end3 = 28 August 2007 | president3 = [[Ahmet Necdet Sezer]] | primeminister3 = [[Recep Tayyip Erdoğan]] | predecessor3 = [[Mehmet Ali Şahin]] | successor3 = [[Cemil Çiçek]] | office4 = [[List of Ministers of Foreign Affairs of Turkey|Minister of Foreign Affairs]] | term_start4 = 14 March 2003 | term_end4 = 28 August 2007 | president4 = [[Ahmet Necdet Sezer]] | primeminister4 = [[Recep Tayyip Erdoğan]] | predecessor4 = [[Yaşar Yakış]] | successor4 = [[Ali Babacan]] | birth_date = {{Birth date and age|1950|10|29|df=y}} | birth_place = [[Kayseri]], [[Turkey]] | spouse = [[Hayrünnisa Gül]] <small>(m. 1980)</small> | children = Ahmet Münir, Kübra, Mehmet Emre | alma_mater = [[Istanbul University]]<br>[[University of Exeter]] | religion = [[Sunni Islam]] | otherparty = [[Welfare Party|Welfare]] (1991–1997)<br>[[Virtue Party|Virtue]] (1997–2001)<br>[[Justice and Development Party (Turkey)|Justice and Development]] (2001–2007) | signature = Abdullah Gül Signature.svg | signature_alt= Abdullah Gül | website = [http://www.tccb.gov.tr/ Official page] }} '''Abdullah Gül''' ({{IPA-tr|abduɫˈɫɑh ˈɟyɫ|pron}}; born October 29, 1950) is the [[List of Presidents of Turkey|11th and current]] [[President of Turkey|President of the Republic of Turkey]], serving in that office since 28 August 2007. He previously served for four months as [[Prime Minister of Turkey|Prime Minister]] from 2002 to 2003, and as [[List of Ministers of Foreign Affairs of Turkey|Minister of Foreign Affairs]] from 2003 to 2007. Prime Minister [[Recep Tayyip Erdoğan]]'s nomination of Gül as a presidential candidate drew strong and highly vocal opposition from ardent supporters of [[secularism in Turkey|laicism in Turkey]]. In May 2007, Gül's first bid for presidency was blocked by the [[Constitutional Court of Turkey|Constitutional Court]],<ref>Ercan Yavuz (31 July 2008) [http://www.todayszaman.com/tz-web/detaylar.do?load=detay&link=148988 Evidence indicates Ergenekon tried to block presidential election] Today's Zaman. Retrieved on 09 February 2009.</ref> in a climate of secularist concern regarding views Gül had expressed during his [[Welfare Party]] years, and the fact that his wife, Mrs. [[Hayrünnisa Gül]], wears a headscarf.<ref>{{cite news | work = [[CNN Türk]] | language=Turkish | title = Gül'ün adaylığını doğru bulmuyoruz | url = http://www.cnnturk.com/TURKIYE/haber_detay.asp?PID=318&haberID=384226 | accessdate = 2007-08-29}}</ref> However, following the [[Turkish general election, 2007|parliamentary elections]] in July the same year, which were won by the [[Justice and Development Party (Turkey)|Justice and Development Party]] with 46.6% of the popular vote, he was eventually elected President on August 28, 2007 and was sworn in the same day, becoming the first devout Muslim President in the modern history of Turkey.<ref>[http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/europe/6966216.stm Turks elect ex-Islamist president] BBC News (28 August 2007). Retrieved on 09 February 2009.</ref><ref>[http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-478468/Gul-sworn-Turkeys-Islamist-president.html Gul sworn in as Turkey's first former Islamist president] Daily Mail (29 August 2007). Retrieved on 09 February 2009.</ref> ==Early life== President Gül was born in [[Kayseri]], a city in central [[Anatolia]]. His father is Ahmed Hamdi Gül, a retired air force mechanic, and his mother is Adviye Gül ([[née]] Satoğlu). His family has lived in the Güllük district of Kayseri for about a century.<ref>{{cite news | last = Kurt | first = Süleyman | work = [[Zaman (newspaper)|Zaman]] | title = 'Cumhur' İkinci Kez Köşk Yolunda | language = Turkish | url = http://www.zaman.com.tr/webapp-tr/haber.do?haberno=575942 | accessdate = 2007-08-29}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.milliyet.com.tr/Siyaset/SonDakika.aspx?aType=SonDakika&ArticleID=971644&Kategori=siyaset |accessdate=2008-12-27 |title='Ergenekon davasında mahkemeler görevini yapacak' |section=Siyaset |work=[[Milliyet]] |date=2008-07-27 |language=Turkish }}</ref> His ancestry/ethnicity according to a [[Çankaya Köşkü|Çankaya Presidential Residence]] statement is "Turkish Muslim." Gül was also called with the name [[Cumhur]] (which means 'people') by his family.<ref>[http://www.radikal.com.tr/haber.php?haberno=219426 Doğum Günü 29 Ekim], ''[[Radikal]]'', April 25, 2007 {{tr icon}}</ref> ===Education=== Gül studied [[Economics]] at the [[Istanbul University]]. During his graduate education, he studied for two years in [[London]] and [[Exeter]] in the [[United Kingdom]]. He pursued an academic career after that and worked at the higher education facilities in [[Adapazarı]], collaborating in the establishment of the Department for [[Industrial Engineering]] and teaching Management courses at the [[Sakarya University|ITU Sakarya Engineering Faculty]], which later became the [[Sakarya University]] in 1992. He received a [[Ph.D.]] degree from the Istanbul University in 1983. He is also conferred to an Honorary Ph.D degree from [[AMITY University]], NOIDA -India on February 8, 2009, and Doctor of Law degree from [[University of Dhaka]] on February 13, 2010.<ref>{{cite web|author=Star Online Report |url=http://www.thedailystar.net/newDesign/latest_news.php?nid=22187 |title=Doctor of Laws degree conferred on Abdullah |publisher=Thedailystar.net |date=2010-02-13 |accessdate=2011-01-07}}</ref> Between 1983 and 1991, he worked at the [[Islamic Development Bank]] (IDB) in [[Jeddah]], [[Saudi Arabia]]. In 1991, Gül became a lecturer in International Management. ===Entry into politics=== Gül became acquainted with right-wing politics early during his high school years. During his university education, he became a member of the [[Islamist]]-[[Turkish nationalism|nationalist]] ''Millî Türk Talebe Birliği'' (National Turkish Students' Union) in the line of [[Necip Fazıl Kısakürek|Necip Fazıl]]'s ''Büyük Doğu'' (Grand Orient) current.<ref>{{cite news | work = World Bulletin | language=Turkish | title = Abdullah Gul's Unknown Sides/Exclusive | url = http://www.worldbulletin.net/news_detail.php?id=8888 | accessdate = 2007-08-31}}</ref> He was elected a member of the [[Grand National Assembly of Turkey|Turkish parliament]] for the ''Refah Partisi'' (RP, "the [[Welfare Party]]") from [[Kayseri Province]] in 1991 and 1995. During these years, he made statements about the political system of Turkey that was designed by [[Mustafa Kemal Atatürk]] and the [[Turkish National Movement]], which included "This is the end of the republican period" and "The secular system has failed and we definitely want to change it”.<ref>{{cite news | work = [[Guardian Weekly]] | title = Turkish Islamists aim for power | url = http://www.milliyet.com.tr/2007/04/27/yazar/asik.html | accessdate = 2010-08-25}}</ref> These statements caused controversy when his candidacy for the 2007 presidential election was announced by Prime Minister [[Tayyip Erdoğan]].<ref>{{cite news | work = [[Deutsche Welle]] | language=Turkish | title = Abdullah Gül: The Man Who Would be Turkey's President | url = http://www.dw-world.de/dw/article/0,2144,2745136,00.html | accessdate = 2007-08-28}}</ref> In 1999, he kept his seat as a member of the ''Fazilet Partisi'' (FP, "the [[Virtue Party]]") which was subsequently outlawed by the Constitutional Court for its violation of the Constitution. Its predecessor, the ''Refah Partisi'', was also outlawed by the Constitutional Court for its violation of the Constitution, especially the principle of secularism. By this time, Gül had moderated his views somewhat, and was now reckoned as a member of the Virtue Party's reformist faction. As such, he was among the founders of the ''Adalet ve Kalkınma Partisi'' ([[Justice and Development Party (Turkey)|Justice and Development Party]]), a party which billed itself as a moderate conservative party in the European tradition. He was elected once again to represent Kayseri in 2002. == AK Parti career == [[File:Gül et Rice.jpg|thumb|180px| With [[Condoleezza Rice]] in 2005 as foreign minister.]] ===Prime Minister=== After the [[Justice and Development Party (Turkey)|Justice and Development Party]] (AK Parti) won the most votes in the [[Turkish general election, 2002|November 2002 general election]], Gül was appointed [[List of Prime Ministers of Turkey|Prime Minister]], as AK Party leader [[Recep Tayyip Erdoğan]] was unable to assume the role due to a ban on his participation in politics. After Gül's government secured legislation allowing Erdoğan's return to politics, the latter took over as prime minister on 14 March 2003. Gül was appointed deputy prime minister and foreign minister. ===Foreign minister=== After becoming [[List of Ministers of Foreign Affairs of Turkey|foreign minister]] in March 2003, Gül became the key player in Turkey's attempts to receive an accession date for the [[European Union]] and in its attempts to improve relations with [[Syria]] and maintaining its relationship with the [[Turkic languages|Turkic]]-speaking countries of [[Central Asia]] and the [[Caucasus]]. On February 6, 2007, Gül flew to the United States to meet with [[President of the United States|U.S. President]] [[George W. Bush]] and [[United States Secretary of State|U.S. Secretary of State]] [[Condoleezza Rice]]. ==Presidency== [[File:Medvedev and Gul in Turkey12.PNG|thumb|left|Gül with [[Dmitry Medvedev ]]]] Prime Minister [[Recep Tayyip Erdoğan|Erdoğan]] announced on 24 April 2007 that Gül would be the Justice and Development Party candidate in the [[Turkish presidential election, 2007|2007 presidential election]]. Previously, there had been speculation that Erdoğan himself would be the party's candidate, which had provoked substantial opposition from secularists.<ref>[http://english.people.com.cn/200704/24/eng20070424_369332.html "Turkey's ruling party announces FM Gül as presidential candidate"], Xinhua (''People's Daily Online''), April 24, 2007.</ref><ref name="Must">[http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/6587061.stm" "Turkey 'must have secular leader'"], ''[[BBC News]]'', April 24, 2007.</ref> When a boycott of opposition parties in Parliament deadlocked the election process, Gül formally withdrew his candidacy on 6 May 2007. If elected he would be the first president to have been involved with Islamist parties. But a few days later, on 11 May 2007 when he inquired after the alterations to the [[Turkish constitution]] which now allowed the people to elect the president directly rather than a parliamentary vote, Gül announced that he was still intending to run.<ref>{{cite news|work=[[Hurriyet]]|url=http://www.hurriyet.com.tr/gundem/6497246.asp?gid=180|title=Gül: Adaylığımız devam ediyor|language=Turkish|accessdate=2007-05-11}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://hurarsiv.hurriyet.com.tr/goster/haber.aspx?id=6466839&tarih=2007-05-06|title=Gül adaylıktan çekildi|language=Turkish|work=[[Hurriyet]]|accessdate=2007-05-11}}</ref> [[File:Cristina Kirchner and Abdullah Gul in Turkey 2.JPG|thumb|left|Gül meeting with [[Cristina Kirchner ]]]] Following the [[Turkish parliamentary election, 2007|July 2007 parliamentary election]], the AK Party renominated Gül as its presidential candidate on August 13; the election was again held as a vote of parliament.<ref>[http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/2007-08/14/content_6526529.htm "Turkey's ruling party renominates Gül as presidential candidate"], Xinhua (''People's Daily Online''), August 13, 2007.</ref> On August 14, Gül submitted his candidacy application to parliament and expressed his commitment to secularism at a news conference.<ref>[http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/6946269.stm Turkey's Gul vows secular agenda], ''[[BBC News]]'', August 14, 2007.</ref> On 28 August 2007, he was elected president in the third round of voting; in the first two rounds, a two-thirds majority of MPs had been required, but in the third round he needed only a simple majority. Gül was sworn in immediately thereafter.<ref>[http://www.iht.com/articles/ap/2007/08/28/europe/EU-GEN-Turkey-Presidency.php "Turkish foreign minister wins presidency, in victory for Islamic-rooted government"], [[Associated Press]], ''[[International Herald Tribune]]'', August 28, 2007.</ref> The process was a very low-key affair.<ref>{{cite news | work = [[Turkish Daily News]] | publisher = [[Hürriyet]] | title = Generals Protest Against Gül's Presidency | url = http://arama.hurriyet.com.tr/arsivnews.aspx?id=-613252 | date = 2007-08-29}}</ref> Gül's swearing-in was not attended by the [[Chief of the Turkish General Staff]] and was boycotted by the opposition [[Republican People's Party (Turkey)|Republican People's Party]]; then the hand-over of power at the presidential palace was held behind closed doors. Gül's wife Hayrünnisa, whose wearing of a headscarf is a factor in the opposition to Gül's presidency, was not present. This approach continued; the traditional evening reception hosted by the new president at the presidential palace for the country's highest authorities was announced for 11:30 in the morning and wives were not invited.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.radikal.com.tr/haber.php?haberno=231647 |accessdate=2008-09-10 |title=Köşk'e ilk davet eşsiz |work=[[Radikal]] |section=Politika |date=2007-09-01 |language=Turkish |first=Hilal |last=Koylu }}</ref> [[File:Gul and Obama.JPG|thumb|right|250px|Gül with [[Barack Obama]] on Obama's first visit to [[Ankara]].]] His presidency has been described as a "new era in Turkish politics", for being the first devout Muslim president of Turkey.<ref>Amberin Zaman (29 Aug 2007). [http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/1561631/Turkey-elects-Islamist-president-Abdullah-Gul.html Turkey elects Islamist president Abdullah Gul] Telegraph. Retrieved on 10 February 2009.</ref> Gül received messages of congratulation from the US, EU and German authorities while Turkish prime minister [[Tayyip Erdoğan]] made a statement saying "a structure doomed to uncertainty has been overcome" (an oblique reference to the [[deep state]] theory that Turkey is ruled behind-closed-doors by a secret conspiracy of soldiers and bureaucrats).<ref>{{cite news | language=Turkish | title = Türkiye'nin 11. Cumhurbaşkanı Abdullah Gül | url = http://www.radikal.com.tr/index.php?tarih=29/08/2007 | work = [[Radikal]] | date = 2007-08-29}}</ref> In September 2008 he became the first Turkish leader to visit neighbouring [[Armenia]], sparking a major debate in Turkey.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/7602066.stm |title=Gul in landmark visit to Armenia |publisher=BBC News |date=2008-09-06 |accessdate=2009-02-01}}</ref> ==Personal life== On August 20, 1980, Abdullah Gül married [[Hayrünnisa Gül|Hayrünnisa Özyurt]] who was only fifteen years old, who also originates from Kayseri.<ref>{{cite news | last = Dündar | first = Can | language=Turkish | title = Bir Evlilik Yıldönümü | work = Milliyet | url = http://www.milliyet.com.tr/2007/08/20/yazar/dundar.html | accessdate = 2010-08-16}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Abdullah Gül|url=http://www.nndb.com/people/693/000162207/|accessdate=2009-08-18}}</ref> The couple has three children: two sons named Mehmet Emre and Ahmet Münir, and a daughter named Kübra. He is a fan of the [[football (soccer)|football]] club [[Beşiktaş J.K.]] of [[Istanbul]].<ref name="BJK">[http://www.haber3.com/haber.php?haber_id=231385 Köşk'e üçüncü beşiktaşlı], ''Haber3'', April 24, 2007. {{tr icon}}</ref> ==Full Style== '''1950–1983''' Abdullah Gül '''1983–1991''' Dr. Abdullah Gül '''1991–1996''' Associate Professor Doctor Abdullah Gül, MP '''1996–2002''' Associate Professor Doctor Abdullah Gül, Minister of State of the Republic of Turkey '''2002–2003''' His Excellency Associate Professor Doctor Abdullah Gül, 58th [[Prime Minister of the Republic of Turkey]] '''2003–2007''' His Excellency Associate Professor Doctor Abdullah Gül, Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Turkey '''2007-Current''' His Excellency Associate Professor Doctor Abdullah Gül, 11th President of the Republic of Turkey.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.tccb.gov.tr/pages/president/ |title=T.C. CUMHURBAŞKANLIĞI : Abdullah Gül |publisher=Tccb.gov.tr |date= |accessdate=2011-01-07}}</ref> Albeit, His Excellency is entitled to the use of several foreign honorifics and post-nominals such as for example "GCB", (because he has been made an ''Honorary Knight Grand Cross of the Civil Division of the Most Honourable Order of the Bath'' by [[Elizabeth II]] of the [[United Kingdom]]) Çankaya Presidential Palace protocol dictates that foreign honours and titles be omitted when addressing His Excellency. ==Decorations and awards== * [[United Kingdom]] – Honorary Knight Grand Cross of the Civil Division of the [[Most Honourable Order of the Bath]] (May 14, 2008) * [[Saudi Arabia]] – Order of [[Ibn Saud of Saudi Arabia|King Abdulaziz]] (2007) * [[Portugal]] – Grand Collar [[Order of Prince Henry (Ordem do Infante Dom Henrique)]] (GColIH) (May 12, 2009) * [[Pakistan]] – [[Nishan-e-Pakistan]]<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.app.com.pk/en_/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=99680&Itemid=1|title=Turkish President awarded Nishan-i-Pakistan |date=March 31, 2010|publisher=Associated Press of Pakistan|accessdate=1 April 2010}}</ref> * [[Italy]] – National Decoration * [[Kuwait]] – National Decoration * [[Cameroon]] – National Decoration * [[Qatar]] – National Decoration * President Abdullah Gül has been voted the winner of the [[Chatham House Prize|Chatham House Prize 2010]] (March 19, 2010) <ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.chathamhouse.org.uk/events/special_events/chatham_house_prize/2010/|title=Chatham House Prize 2010 |date=March 19, 2010|publisher=chathamhouse.org.uk|accessdate=March 19, 2010}}</ref> ==See also== * [[Çankaya Köşkü]] The Presidency of the Republic of Turkey ==References== {{Reflist|2}} ==External links== {{commons|Abdullah Gül|Abdullah Gül}} {{wikiquote|Abdullah Gül|Abdullah Gül}} *[http://www.cankaya.gov.tr Presidency of the Republic of Turkey] *{{twitter|cbabdullahgul}} {{s-start}} {{s-off}} {{Succession box | before = [[Bülent Ecevit]] | title = [[List of Prime Ministers of Turkey|Prime Minister of Turkey]] | years = 2002– 2003 | after = [[Recep Tayyip Erdoğan]] }} {{Succession box | before = [[Mehmet Ali Şahin]] | title = [[List of Deputy Prime Ministers of Turkey|Deputy Prime Minister of Turkey]] | years = 2003–2007 | after = [[Cemil Çiçek]] }} {{Succession box | before = [[Yaşar Yakış]] | title = [[List of Ministers of Foreign Affairs of Turkey|Minister of Foreign Affairs of Turkey]] | years = 2003–2007 | after = [[Ali Babacan]] }} {{Incumbent succession box | before = [[Ahmet Necdet Sezer]] | title = [[List of Presidents of Turkey|President of Turkey]] | start = 2007 }} {{s-ppo}} {{Succession box | before = New Party | title = Deputy Leader of [[Ak Parti]] | years = 2001– 2007 | after = [[Cemil Çiçek]] }} {{s-end}} {{Presidents of Turkey}} {{Prime Ministers of Turkey}} {{Ministers of Foreign Affairs of Turkey}} {{Cabinet Gül}} {{Erdogan I Cabinet}} <!-- Metadata: see [[Wikipedia:Persondata]] --> {{Persondata |NAME= Gül, Abdullah |ALTERNATIVE NAMES= |SHORT DESCRIPTION= 11th President of the Republic of Turkey |DATE OF BIRTH= October 29, 1950 |PLACE OF BIRTH= [[Kayseri]], [[Turkey]] |DATE OF DEATH= |PLACE OF DEATH=}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Gul, Abdullah}} [[Category:1950 births]] [[Category:Living people]] [[Category:People from Kayseri]] [[Category:Presidents of Turkey]] [[Category:Prime Ministers of Turkey]] [[Category:Deputy Prime Ministers of Turkey]] [[Category:Ministers of Foreign Affairs of Turkey]] [[Category:Istanbul University alumni]] [[Category:Alumni of the University of Exeter]] [[Category:Alumni of the University of London]] [[Category:Honorary Knights Grand Cross of the Order of the Bath]] [[Category:Current national leaders]] [[Category:Turkish Muslims]] [[Category:Welfare Party politicians]] [[Category:Virtue Party politicians]] [[Category:Justice and Development Party (Turkey) 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[[pt:Abdullah Gül]] [[crh:Abdullah Gül]] [[ro:Abdullah Gül]] [[ru:Гюль, Абдулла]] [[sq:Abdullah Gül]] [[sr:Абдулах Гул]] [[sh:Abdullah Gul]] [[fi:Abdullah Gül]] [[sv:Abdullah Gül]] [[tr:Abdullah Gül]] [[tk:Abdullah Gül]] [[udm:Гюль, Абдулла]] [[uk:Абдулла Гюль]] [[ur:عبد اللہ گل]] [[ug:ئابدۇللاھ گۈل]] [[vi:Abdullah Gül]] [[yo:Abdullah Gül]] [[diq:Abdullah Gül]] [[zh:阿卜杜拉·居尔]]'
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'{{Infobox President | name = Abdullah Gül |honorific-suffix = <br/><small>[[Order of the Bath|GCB]]</small> <small> [[Order of Prince Henry|GColIH]]</small> <small> [[Nishan-e-Pakistan|NPk]]</small> | image = Abdullah Gül.jpg | office = 11th [[President of Turkey]] | term_start = 28 August 2007 | term_end = | primeminister = [[Recep Tayyip Erdoğan]] | predecessor = [[Ahmet Necdet Sezer]] | office2 = [[List of Prime Ministers of Turkey|Prime Minister of Turkey]] | president2 = [[Ahmet Necdet Sezer]] | term_start2 = 18 November 2002 | term_end2 = 14 March 2003 | predecessor2 = [[Bülent Ecevit]] | successor2 = [[Recep Tayyip Erdoğan]] | office3 = [[Deputy Prime Minister of Turkey]] | term_start3 = 28 March 2003 | term_end3 = 28 August 2007 | president3 = [[Ahmet Necdet Sezer]] | primeminister3 = [[Recep Tayyip Erdoğan]] | predecessor3 = [[Mehmet Ali Şahin]] | successor3 = [[Cemil Çiçek]] | office4 = [[List of Ministers of Foreign Affairs of Turkey|Minister of Foreign Affairs]] | term_start4 = 14 March 2003 | term_end4 = 28 August 2007 | president4 = [[Ahmet Necdet Sezer]] | primeminister4 = [[Recep Tayyip Erdoğan]] | predecessor4 = [[Yaşar Yakış]] | successor4 = [[Ali Babacan]] | birth_date = {{Birth date and age|1950|10|29|df=y}} | birth_place = [[Kayseri]], [[Turkey]] | spouse = [[Hayrünnisa Gül]] <small>(m. 1980)</small> | children = Ahmet Münir, Kübra, Mehmet Emre | alma_mater = [[Istanbul University]]<br>[[University of Exeter]] | religion = [[Sunni Islam]] | otherparty = [[Welfare Party|Welfare]] (1991–1997)<br>[[Virtue Party|Virtue]] (1997–2001)<br>[[Justice and Development Party (Turkey)|Justice and Development]] (2001–2007) | signature = Abdullah Gül Signature.svg | signature_alt= Abdullah Gül | website = [http://www.tccb.gov.tr/ Official page] }} '''Abdullah Gül''' ({{IPA-tr|abduɫˈɫɑh ˈɟyɫ|pron}}; born October 29, 1950) is the [[List of Presidents of Turkey|11th and current]] [[President of Turkey|President of the Republic of Turkey]], serving in that office since 28 August 2007. He previously served for four months as [[Prime Minister of Turkey|Prime Minister]] from 2002 to 2003, and as [[List of Ministers of Foreign Affairs of Turkey|Minister of Foreign Affairs]] from 2003 to 2007. Prime Minister [[Recep Tayyip Erdoğan]]'s nomination of Gül as a presidential candidate drew strong and highly vocal opposition from ardent supporters of [[secularism in Turkey|laicism in Turkey]]. In May 2007, Gül's first bid for presidency was blocked by the [[Constitutional Court of Turkey|Constitutional Court]],<ref>Ercan Yavuz (31 July 2008) [http://www.todayszaman.com/tz-web/detaylar.do?load=detay&link=148988 Evidence indicates Ergenekon tried to block presidential election] Today's Zaman. Retrieved on 09 February 2009.</ref> in a climate of secularist concern regarding views Gül had expressed during his [[Welfare Party]] years, and the fact that his wife, Mrs. [[Hayrünnisa Gül]], wears a headscarf.<ref>{{cite news | work = [[CNN Türk]] | language=Turkish | title = Gül'ün adaylığını doğru bulmuyoruz | url = http://www.cnnturk.com/TURKIYE/haber_detay.asp?PID=318&haberID=384226 | accessdate = 2007-08-29}}</ref> However, following the [[Turkish general election, 2007|parliamentary elections]] in July the same year, which were won by the [[Justice and Development Party (Turkey)|Justice and Development Party]] with 46.6% of the popular vote, he was eventually elected President on August 28, 2007 and was sworn in the same day, becoming the first devout Muslim President in the modern history of Turkey.<ref>[http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/europe/6966216.stm Turks elect ex-Islamist president] BBC News (28 August 2007). Retrieved on 09 February 2009.</ref><ref>[http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-478468/Gul-sworn-Turkeys-Islamist-president.html Gul sworn in as Turkey's first former Islamist president] Daily Mail (29 August 2007). Retrieved on 09 February 2009.</ref> ==Early life== President Gül was born in [[Kayseri]], a city in central [[Anatolia]]. His father is Ahmed Hamdi Gül, a retired air force mechanic, and his mother is Adviye Gül ([[née]] Satoğlu). His family has lived in the Güllük district of Kayseri for about a century.<ref>{{cite news | last = Kurt | first = Süleyman | work = [[Zaman (newspaper)|Zaman]] | title = 'Cumhur' İkinci Kez Köşk Yolunda | language = Turkish | url = http://www.zaman.com.tr/webapp-tr/haber.do?haberno=575942 | accessdate = 2007-08-29}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.milliyet.com.tr/Siyaset/SonDakika.aspx?aType=SonDakika&ArticleID=971644&Kategori=siyaset |accessdate=2008-12-27 |title='Ergenekon davasında mahkemeler görevini yapacak' |section=Siyaset |work=[[Milliyet]] |date=2008-07-27 |language=Turkish }}</ref> His ancestry/ethnicity according to a [[Çankaya Köşkü|Çankaya Presidential Residence]] statement is "Turkish Muslim." Gül was also called with the name [[Cumhur]] (which means 'people') by his family.<ref>[http://www.radikal.com.tr/haber.php?haberno=219426 Doğum Günü 29 Ekim], ''[[Radikal]]'', April 25, 2007 {{tr icon}}</ref> ===Education=== Gül studied [[Economics]] at the [[Istanbul University]]. During his graduate education, he studied for two years in [[London]] and [[Exeter]] in the [[United Kingdom]]. He pursued an academic career after that and worked at the higher education facilities in [[Adapazarı]], collaborating in the establishment of the Department for [[Industrial Engineering]] and teaching Management courses at the [[Sakarya University|ITU Sakarya Engineering Faculty]], which later became the [[Sakarya University]] in 1992. He received a [[Ph.D.]] degree from the Istanbul University in 1983. He is also conferred to an Honorary Ph.D degree from [[AMITY University]], NOIDA -India on February 8, 2009, and Doctor of Law degree from [[University of Dhaka]] on February 13, 2010.<ref>{{cite web|author=Star Online Report |url=http://www.thedailystar.net/newDesign/latest_news.php?nid=22187 |title=Doctor of Laws degree conferred on Abdullah |publisher=Thedailystar.net |date=2010-02-13 |accessdate=2011-01-07}}</ref> Between 1983 and 1991, he worked at the [[Islamic Development Bank]] (IDB) in [[Jeddah]], [[Saudi Arabia]]. In 1991, Gül became a lecturer in International Management. ===Entry into politics=== Gül became acquainted with right-wing politics early during his high school years. During his university education, he became a member of the [[Islamist]]-[[Turkish nationalism|nationalist]] ''Millî Türk Talebe Birliği'' (National Turkish Students' Union) in the line of [[Necip Fazıl Kısakürek|Necip Fazıl]]'s ''Büyük Doğu'' (Grand Orient) current.<ref>{{cite news | work = World Bulletin | language=Turkish | title = Abdullah Gul's Unknown Sides/Exclusive | url = http://www.worldbulletin.net/news_detail.php?id=8888 | accessdate = 2007-08-31}}</ref> He was elected a member of the [[Grand National Assembly of Turkey|Turkish parliament]] for the ''Refah Partisi'' (RP, "the [[Welfare Party]]") from [[Kayseri Province]] in 1991 and 1995. During these years, he made statements about the political system of Turkey that was designed by [[Mustafa Kemal Atatürk]] and the [[Turkish National Movement]], which included "This is the end of the republican period" and "The secular system has failed and we definitely want to change it”.<ref>{{cite news | work = [[Guardian Weekly]] | title = Turkish Islamists aim for power | url = http://www.milliyet.com.tr/2007/04/27/yazar/asik.html | accessdate = 2010-08-25}}</ref> These statements caused controversy when his candidacy for the 2007 presidential election was announced by Prime Minister [[Tayyip Erdoğan]].<ref>{{cite news | work = [[Deutsche Welle]] | language=Turkish | title = Abdullah Gül: The Man Who Would be Turkey's President | url = http://www.dw-world.de/dw/article/0,2144,2745136,00.html | accessdate = 2007-08-28}}</ref> In 1999, he kept his seat as a member of the ''Fazilet Partisi'' (FP, "the [[Virtue Party]]") which was subsequently outlawed by the Constitutional Court for its violation of the Constitution. Its predecessor, the ''Refah Partisi'', was also outlawed by the Constitutional Court for its violation of the Constitution, especially the principle of secularism. By this time, Gül had moderated his views somewhat, and was now reckoned as a member of the Virtue Party's reformist faction. As such, he was among the founders of the ''Adalet ve Kalkınma Partisi'' ([[Justice and Development Party (Turkey)|Justice and Development Party]]), a party which billed itself as a moderate conservative party in the European tradition. He was elected once again to represent Kayseri in 2002. == AK Parti career == [[File:Gül et Rice.jpg|thumb|180px| With [[Condoleezza Rice]] in 2005 as foreign minister.]] ===Prime Minister=== After the [[Justice and Development Party (Turkey)|Justice and Development Party]] (AK Parti) won the most votes in the [[Turkish general election, 2002|November 2002 general election]], Gül was appointed [[List of Prime Ministers of Turkey|Prime Minister]], as AK Party leader [[Recep Tayyip Erdoğan]] was unable to assume the role due to a ban on his participation in politics. After Gül's government secured legislation allowing Erdoğan's return to politics, the latter took over as prime minister on 14 March 2003. Gül was appointed deputy prime minister and foreign minister. ===Foreign minister=== After becoming [[List of Ministers of Foreign Affairs of Turkey|foreign minister]] in March 2003, Gül became the key player in Turkey's attempts to receive an accession date for the [[European Union]] and in its attempts to improve relations with [[Syria]] and maintaining its relationship with the [[Turkic languages|Turkic]]-speaking countries of [[Central Asia]] and the [[Caucasus]]. On February 6, 2007, Gül flew to the United States to meet with [[President of the United States|U.S. President]] [[George W. Bush]] and [[United States Secretary of State|U.S. Secretary of State]] [[Condoleezza Rice]]. ==Presidency== [[File:Medvedev and Gul in Turkey12.PNG|thumb|left|Gül with [[Dmitry Medvedev ]]]] Prime Minister [[Recep Tayyip Erdoğan|Erdoğan]] announced on 24 April 2007 that Gül would be the Justice and Development Party candidate in the [[Turkish presidential election, 2007|2007 presidential election]]. Previously, there had been speculation that Erdoğan himself would be the party's candidate, which had provoked substantial opposition from secularists.<ref>[http://english.people.com.cn/200704/24/eng20070424_369332.html "Turkey's ruling party announces FM Gül as presidential candidate"], Xinhua (''People's Daily Online''), April 24, 2007.</ref><ref name="Must">[http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/6587061.stm" "Turkey 'must have secular leader'"], ''[[BBC News]]'', April 24, 2007.</ref> When a boycott of opposition parties in Parliament deadlocked the election process, Gül formally withdrew his candidacy on 6 May 2007. If elected he would be the first president to have been involved with Islamist parties. But a few days later, on 11 May 2007 when he inquired after the alterations to the [[Turkish constitution]] which now allowed the people to elect the president directly rather than a parliamentary vote, Gül announced that he was still intending to run.<ref>{{cite news|work=[[Hurriyet]]|url=http://www.hurriyet.com.tr/gundem/6497246.asp?gid=180|title=Gül: Adaylığımız devam ediyor|language=Turkish|accessdate=2007-05-11}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://hurarsiv.hurriyet.com.tr/goster/haber.aspx?id=6466839&tarih=2007-05-06|title=Gül adaylıktan çekildi|language=Turkish|work=[[Hurriyet]]|accessdate=2007-05-11}}</ref> [[File:Cristina Kirchner and Abdullah Gul in Turkey 2.JPG|thumb|left|Gül meeting with [[Cristina Kirchner ]]]] Following the [[Turkish parliamentary election, 2007|July 2007 parliamentary election]], the AK Party renominated Gül as its presidential candidate on August 13; the election was again held as a vote of parliament.<ref>[http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/2007-08/14/content_6526529.htm "Turkey's ruling party renominates Gül as presidential candidate"], Xinhua (''People's Daily Online''), August 13, 2007.</ref> On August 14, Gül submitted his candidacy application to parliament and expressed his commitment to secularism at a news conference.<ref>[http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/6946269.stm Turkey's Gul vows secular agenda], ''[[BBC News]]'', August 14, 2007.</ref> On 28 August 2007, he was elected president in the third round of voting; in the first two rounds, a two-thirds majority of MPs had been required, but in the third round he needed only a simple majority. Gül was sworn in immediately thereafter.<ref>[http://www.iht.com/articles/ap/2007/08/28/europe/EU-GEN-Turkey-Presidency.php "Turkish foreign minister wins presidency, in victory for Islamic-rooted government"], [[Associated Press]], ''[[International Herald Tribune]]'', August 28, 2007.</ref> The process was a very low-key affair.<ref>{{cite news | work = [[Turkish Daily News]] | publisher = [[Hürriyet]] | title = Generals Protest Against Gül's Presidency | url = http://arama.hurriyet.com.tr/arsivnews.aspx?id=-613252 | date = 2007-08-29}}</ref> Gül's swearing-in was not attended by the [[Chief of the Turkish General Staff]] and was boycotted by the opposition [[Republican People's Party (Turkey)|Republican People's Party]]; then the hand-over of power at the presidential palace was held behind closed doors. Gül's wife Hayrünnisa, whose wearing of a headscarf is a factor in the opposition to Gül's presidency, was not present. This approach continued; the traditional evening reception hosted by the new president at the presidential palace for the country's highest authorities was announced for 11:30 in the morning and wives were not invited.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.radikal.com.tr/haber.php?haberno=231647 |accessdate=2008-09-10 |title=Köşk'e ilk davet eşsiz |work=[[Radikal]] |section=Politika |date=2007-09-01 |language=Turkish |first=Hilal |last=Koylu }}</ref> [[File:Gul and Obama.JPG|thumb|right|250px|Gül with [[Barack Obama]] on Obama's first visit to [[Ankara]].]] His presidency has been described as a "new era in Turkish politics", for being the first devout Muslim president of Turkey.<ref>Amberin Zaman (29 Aug 2007). [http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/1561631/Turkey-elects-Islamist-president-Abdullah-Gul.html Turkey elects Islamist president Abdullah Gul] Telegraph. Retrieved on 10 February 2009.</ref> Gül received messages of congratulation from the US, EU and German authorities while Turkish prime minister [[Tayyip Erdoğan]] made a statement saying "a structure doomed to uncertainty has been overcome" (an oblique reference to the [[deep state]] theory that Turkey is ruled behind-closed-doors by a secret conspiracy of soldiers and bureaucrats).<ref>{{cite news | language=Turkish | title = Türkiye'nin 11. Cumhurbaşkanı Abdullah Gül | url = http://www.radikal.com.tr/index.php?tarih=29/08/2007 | work = [[Radikal]] | date = 2007-08-29}}</ref> In September 2008 he became the first Turkish leader to visit neighbouring [[Armenia]], sparking a major debate in Turkey.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/7602066.stm |title=Gul in landmark visit to Armenia |publisher=BBC News |date=2008-09-06 |accessdate=2009-02-01}}</ref> ==Personal life== On August 20, 1980, Abdullah Gül married [[Hayrünnisa Gül|Hayrünnisa Özyurt]] who was only fifteen years old, who also originates from Kayseri.<ref>{{cite news | last = Dündar | first = Can | language=Turkish | title = Bir Evlilik Yıldönümü | work = Milliyet | url = http://www.milliyet.com.tr/2007/08/20/yazar/dundar.html | accessdate = 2010-08-16}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Abdullah Gül|url=http://www.nndb.com/people/693/000162207/|accessdate=2009-08-18}}</ref> The couple has three children: two sons named Mehmet Emre and Ahmet Münir, and a daughter named Kübra. He is a fan of the [[football (soccer)|football]] club [[Beşiktaş J.K.]] of [[Istanbul]].<ref name="BJK">[http://www.haber3.com/haber.php?haber_id=231385 Köşk'e üçüncü beşiktaşlı], ''Haber3'', April 24, 2007. {{tr icon}}</ref> ==Full Style== '''1950–1983''' Abdullah Gül '''1983–1991''' Dr. Abdullah Gül '''1991–1996''' Associate Professor Doctor Abdullah Gül, MP '''1996–2002''' Associate Professor Doctor Abdullah Gül, Minister of State of the Republic of Turkey '''2002–2003''' His Excellency Associate Professor Doctor Abdullah Gül, 58th [[Prime Minister of the Republic of Turkey]] '''2003–2007''' His Excellency Associate Professor Doctor Abdullah Gül, Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Turkey '''2007-Current''' His Excellency Associate Professor Doctor Abdullah Gül, 11th President of the Republic of Turkey.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.tccb.gov.tr/pages/president/ |title=T.C. CUMHURBAŞKANLIĞI : Abdullah Gül |publisher=Tccb.gov.tr |date= |accessdate=2011-01-07}}</ref> Albeit, His Excellency is entitled to the use of several foreign honorifics and post-nominals such as for example "GCB", (because he has been made an ''Honorary Knight Grand Cross of the Civil Division of the Most Honourable Order of the Bath'' by [[Elizabeth II]] of the [[United Kingdom]]) Çankaya Presidential Palace protocol dictates that foreign honours and titles be omitted when addressing His Excellency. ==Decorations and awards== * [[United Kingdom]] – Honorary Knight Grand Cross of the Civil Division of the [[Most Honourable Order of the Bath]] (May 14, 2008) * [[Saudi Arabia]] – Order of [[Ibn Saud of Saudi Arabia|King Abdulaziz]] (2007) * [[Portugal]] – Grand Collar [[Order of Prince Henry (Ordem do Infante Dom Henrique)]] (GColIH) (May 12, 2009) * [[Pakistan]] – [[Nishan-e-Pakistan]]<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.app.com.pk/en_/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=99680&Itemid=1|title=Turkish President awarded Nishan-i-Pakistan |date=March 31, 2010|publisher=Associated Press of Pakistan|accessdate=1 April 2010}}</ref> * [[Italy]] – National Decoration * [[Kuwait]] – National Decoration * [[Cameroon]] – National Decoration * [[Qatar]] – National Decoration * President Abdullah Gül has been voted the winner of the [[Chatham House Prize|Chatham House Prize 2010]] (March 19, 2010) <ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.chathamhouse.org.uk/events/special_events/chatham_house_prize/2010/|title=Chatham House Prize 2010 |date=March 19, 2010|publisher=chathamhouse.org.uk|accessdate=March 19, 2010}}</ref> ==See also== * [[Çankaya Köşkü]] The Presidency of the Republic of Turkey ==References== {{Reflist|2}} ==External links== {{commons|Abdullah Gül|Abdullah Gül}} {{wikiquote|Abdullah Gül|Abdullah Gül}} *[http://www.cankaya.gov.tr Presidency of the Republic of Turkey] *{{twitter|cbabdullahgul}} {{s-start}} {{s-off}} {{Succession box | before = [[Bülent Ecevit]] | title = [[List of Prime Ministers of Turkey|Prime Minister of Turkey]] | years = 2002– 2003 | after = [[Recep Tayyip Erdoğan]] }} {{Succession box | before = [[Mehmet Ali Şahin]] | title = [[List of Deputy Prime Ministers of Turkey|Deputy Prime Minister of Turkey]] | years = 2003–2007 | after = [[Cemil Çiçek]] }} {{Succession box | before = [[Yaşar Yakış]] | title = [[List of Ministers of Foreign Affairs of Turkey|Minister of Foreign Affairs of Turkey]] | years = 2003–2007 | after = [[Ali Babacan]] }} {{Incumbent succession box | before = [[Ahmet Necdet Sezer]] | title = [[List of Presidents of Turkey|President of Turkey]] | start = 2007 }} {{s-ppo}} {{Succession box | before = New Party | title = Deputy Leader of [[Ak Parti]] | years = 2001– 2007 | after = [[Cemil Çiçek]] }} {{s-end}} {{Presidents of Turkey}} {{Prime Ministers of Turkey}} {{Ministers of Foreign Affairs of Turkey}} {{Cabinet Gül}} {{Erdogan I Cabinet}} <!-- Metadata: see [[Wikipedia:Persondata]] --> {{Persondata |NAME= Gül, Abdullah |ALTERNATIVE NAMES= |SHORT DESCRIPTION= 11th President of the Republic of Turkey |DATE OF BIRTH= October 29, 1950 |PLACE OF BIRTH= [[Kayseri]], [[Turkey]] |DATE OF DEATH= |PLACE OF DEATH=}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Gul, Abdullah}} [[Category:1950 births]] [[Category:Living people]] [[Category:People from Kayseri]] [[Category:Presidents of Turkey]] [[Category:Prime Ministers of Turkey]] [[Category:Deputy Prime Ministers of Turkey]] [[Category:Ministers of Foreign Affairs of Turkey]] [[Category:Istanbul University alumni]] [[Category:Alumni of the University of Exeter]] [[Category:Alumni of the University of London]] [[Category:Honorary Knights Grand Cross of the Order of the Bath]] [[Category:Current national leaders]] [[Category:Turkish Muslims]] [[Category:Welfare Party politicians]] [[Category:Virtue Party politicians]] [[Category:Justice and Development Party (Turkey) politicians]] [[Category:Presidents of the United Nations Security Council]] [[ar:عبد الله غل]] [[az:Abdulla Gül]] [[be:Абдула Гюль]] [[bs:Abdulah Gül]] [[br:Abdullah Gül]] [[bg:Абдуллах Гюл]] [[ca:Abdullah Gül]] [[cv:Гюль Абдулла]] [[cs:Abdullah Gül]] [[cy:Abdullah Gül]] [[da:Abdullah Gül]] [[de:Abdullah Gül]] [[et:Abdullah Gül]] [[el:Αμπντουλάχ Γκιούλ]] [[es:Abdullah Gül]] [[eo:Abdullah Gül]] [[fa:عبدالله گل]] [[fr:Abdullah Gül]] [[ko:압둘라 귈]] [[hy:Աբդուլա Գյուլ]] [[hi:अब्दुल्लाह ग्युल]] [[hr:Abdullah Gül]] [[io:Abdullah Gül]] [[id:Abdullah Gül]] [[it:Abdullah Gül]] [[he:עבדוללה גול]] [[ka:აბდულა გიული]] [[rw:Abdullah Gül]] [[ky:Абдулла Гүл]] [[ku:Abdullah Gül]] [[mrj:Гӱль, Абдулла]] [[lad:Abdullah Gül]] [[lv:Abdullahs Gils]] [[lb:Abdullah Gül]] [[lt:Abdullah Gül]] [[hu:Abdullah Gül]] [[mk:Абдула Ѓул]] [[ml:അബ്ദുള്ള ഗുൽ]] [[ms:Abdullah Gül]] [[nl:Abdullah Gül]] [[ja:アブドゥラー・ギュル]] [[no:Abdullah Gül]] [[oc:Abdullah Gül]] [[ps:عبدالله ګل]] [[nds:Abdullah Gül]] [[pl:Abdullah Gül]] [[pt:Abdullah Gül]] [[crh:Abdullah Gül]] [[ro:Abdullah Gül]] [[ru:Гюль, Абдулла]] [[sq:Abdullah Gül]] [[ckb:عەبدوڵڵا گول]] [[sr:Абдулах Гул]] [[sh:Abdullah Gul]] [[fi:Abdullah Gül]] [[sv:Abdullah Gül]] [[tr:Abdullah Gül]] [[tk:Abdullah Gül]] [[udm:Гюль, Абдулла]] [[uk:Абдулла Гюль]] [[ur:عبد اللہ گل]] [[ug:ئابدۇللاھ گۈل]] [[vi:Abdullah Gül]] [[yo:Abdullah Gül]] [[diq:Abdullah Gül]] [[zh:阿卜杜拉·居尔]]'
Whether or not the change was made through a Tor exit node (tor_exit_node)
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Unix timestamp of change (timestamp)
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