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→Preparation: rm unsourced claim (the citation talks about dried vs fresh pasta with regards to carbonara). |
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According to one hypothesis,<ref name="bres2012"/> a young [[Italian Army]] cook named Renato Gualandi created the dish in 1944, with other Italian cooks, as part of a dinner for the U.S. Army, because the Americans "had fabulous bacon, very good cream, some cheese and powdered egg yolks".<ref name=gambero>{{Cite web|url=https://www.gamberorosso.it/notizie/storie/le-origini-della-carbonara-linvenzione-di-gualandi-avvenne-a-roma-la-scoperta-di-igles-corelli/|title=Le origini della carbonara. L'invenzione di Gualandi avvenne a Roma: la scoperta di Igles Corelli|access-date=2 October 2020|language=it}}</ref>
Food writer Alan Davidson and food blogger and historian Luca Cesari have both stated that carbonara was born in Rome around 1944, just after the liberation of the city, probably because of the bacon that flowed in quantity with the U.S. Army.<ref name=cesari1>{{Cite web|author=Luca Cesari|title=La storia della carbonara – Capitolo 1. I precedenti|url=https://www.ricettestoriche.it/2018/03/12/la-storia-della-carbonara-capitolo-1-i-precedenti/ |language=it|date=12 March 2018|access-date=5 May 2023}}</ref><ref name=davidson>{{cite book|last=Davidson|first=Alan|author-link=Alan Davidson (food writer)|title=[[Oxford Companion to Food]]|publisher=Oxford UP|year=1999|location=Oxford|page=[https://archive.org/details/oxfordcompaniont00davi_0/page/740 740]|isbn=0-19-211579-0}}</ref> Cesari adds that the dish is mentioned in [[Cameriera bella presenza offresi...|an Italian movie from 1951]],<ref>{{YouTube|G4lcnCy_20Y}}</ref> while the first attested recipe is in an illustrated cookbook<ref>{{Cite book|title=Vittles and Vice: An Extraordinary Guide to What's Cooking on Chicago's Near North Side|author=Patricia Bronté|publisher=H. Regnery Company|location=Chicago|year=1952|page=34}}</ref> published in Chicago in 1952 by Patricia Bronté.<ref name=cesari2>{{Cite web|author=Luca Cesari|title=La storia della carbonara – Capitolo 2. Gli esordi 1951-1960 |url=https://www.ricettestoriche.it/2018/03/11/la-storia-della-carbonara-capitolo-2-gli-esordi-1951-1960/|language=it|date=12 March 2018|access-date=5 May 2023}}</ref><ref name="bres2012">{{Cite web|url=http://bressanini-lescienze.blogautore.espresso.repubblica.it/2012/12/03/lorigine-della-carbonara-il-commissario-rebaudengo-indaga/|title=L'origine della Carbonara. Il commissario Rebaudengo indaga|date=3 December 2012|language=it|access-date=5 May 2023|author=Dario Bressanini}}</ref> According to Cesari, it is probable that the recipe was brought to the United States by an American serviceman who had passed through Rome during the [[Italian campaign (World War II)|Italian campaign]] or by an Italian American who had met it in Rome;<ref name=cesari2/> this makes carbonara a dish that closely links Italy and the United States, according to Cesari.<ref name=cesari2/> The Italian controversial academic and professor [[Alberto Grandi]] also said that carbonara's first attested recipe is American, citing Cesari, a claim that has been criticized in Italy.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2023/mar/27/italian-academic-cooks-up-controversy-with-claim-carbonara-is-us-dish |title=Italian academic cooks up controversy with claim carbonara is US dish |first=Angela |last=Giuffrida |date= 27 March 2023 |work=The Guardian}}</ref> According to Alberto Grandi, the dish was created by Americans living in Italy after World War II. The American soldiers initially referred to it as "spaghetti breakfast". Eggs and bacon were their common snack, and they decided to incorporate pasta into it, thus creating the dish.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Grandi |first=Alberto |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=bchEDwAAQBAJ&q=alberto+grandi+denominazione+di+origine+inventata |title=Denominazione di origine inventata |date=2018-01-30 |publisher=Mondadori |isbn=978-88-520-8494-2 |language=it}}</ref>
In 1954, the first recipe for carbonara published in Italy appeared in {{lang|it|[[La Cucina Italiana]]}} magazine, although the recipe featured pancetta, garlic, and [[Gruyère cheese]].<ref name="bbc" /><ref name="lacucina">{{cite magazine |title=Carbonara: How We Made It in the 1950s |url=https://www.lacucinaitaliana.com/italian-food/how-to-cook/carbonara-how-we-did-it-in-50s |access-date=14 May 2024 |magazine=La Cucina Italiana |publisher=Condé Nast |date=5 April 2022}}</ref> The same year, carbonara was included in [[Elizabeth David]]'s ''Italian Food'', an English-language cookbook published in Great Britain.<ref>{{cite book|title=Italian Food|first=Elizabeth|last=David|year=1954|publisher=Macdonald|location=Great Britain}}</ref>
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