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The entrance requirements for an Orthodox yeshiva include a strong background within Jewish law, liturgy, Talmudic study, and attendant languages (e.g., [[Hebrew language|Hebrew]], [[Aramaic language|Aramaic]] and in some cases [[Yiddish language|Yiddish]]). Since rabbinical studies typically flow from other yeshiva studies, those who seek a semicha are typically not required to have completed a university education. There are some exceptions to this rule, including [[Yeshiva University]], which requires all rabbinical students to complete an undergraduate degree before entering the program and a Masters or equivalent before ordination.
On March 22, 2009, the Hebrew Institute of Riverdale, an Orthodox Synagogue,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.hir.org/ |title=Hebrew Institute of Riverdale – H.I.R. – Home Page |publisher=H.I.R. |access-date=May 3, 2012}}</ref> held a formal ceremony officially giving [[Sara Hurwitz]] the title ''[[Maharat]]'' – ''Manhigah Halakhtit Ruchanit Toranit''.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://matzav.com/yated-blasts-chovevei-torah-for-ordination-of-female-rabbi-calls-on-yu-rca-ou-to-denounce-open-orthodoxy |title=Yated Blasts Chovevei Torah for Ordination of Female Rabbi, Calls on YU, RCA & OU to Denounce ‘Open Orthodoxy’ » Matzav.com – The Online Voice of Torah Jewry |publisher=Matzav.com |date=July 14, 2009 |access-date=May 3, 2012}}</ref> However, some Orthodox leaders, such as the [[Rabbinical Council of America]] and the [[Agudath Israel of America]], opposed this move and said it was not in keeping with Orthodoxy; in any case, Hurwitz was not given the title "rabbi". However, in June 2015, [[Lila Kagedan]] was ordained by [[Yeshivat Maharat]] and in keeping with newer policies, was given the freedom to choose her own title, and she chose to be addressed as "Rabbi".<ref>''Canadian Jewish News'' [http://www.cjnews.com/living-jewish/jewish-learning/why-orthodox-judaism-needs-female-rabbis Why Orthodoxy Needs Female Rabbis], November 25, 2015</ref> However, this has come to be a focal point of division between YCT and the rest of the spectrum of Orthodoxy,<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.jta.org/2012/09/07/news-opinion/the-telegraph/is-yeshivat-chovevei-torah-kosher-enough |title=Is Yeshivat Chovevei Torah kosher enough? |publisher=[[Jewish Telegraphic Agency]] |author=Uriel Heilman |access-date=April 25, 2016 |quote=The red lines would be what we consider to be appropriate halachic standards, and also appropriate philosophical standards. RCA took a position when the whole rabba controversy erupted that while we are very much in favor of women's leadership roles in Jewish community, we don't believe that a woman rabbi is a construct that's acceptable. If YCT were to admit women, that would be a red line.}}</ref> as most of Orthodoxy does not view YCT as normative Orthodoxy.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.theyeshivaworld.com/news/uncategorized/5269/yeshivat-chovevei-torah-is-it-orthodox.html |title=Yeshivat Chovevei Torah: Is It Orthodox? |publisher=[[Yeshiva World News]] |date=February 21, 2007 |access-date=April 25, 2016 |quote=It is a "Yeshiva" that professes to be "Orthodox" but, in fact, deviates from normative Orthodox thought, halacha and practice as accepted by Rabbonim and Poskim from across the spectrum of Orthodoxy.}}</ref> In 2017 the [[Orthodox Union]] adopted a policy banning women from serving as clergy, from holding titles such as "rabbi", or from doing common clergy functions even without a title, in its congregations in the United States.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.jweekly.com/2017/02/03/orthodox-union-bars-women-from-serving-as-clergy-in-its-synagogues/ |title=Orthodox Union bars women from serving as clergy in its synagogues – J |publisher=Jweekly.com |date= |accessdate=2017-02-04}}</ref>
====Haredi Judaism====
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