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{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2019}}
{{Use Indian English|date=December 2015}}
The '''Koeri''' (or '''Koiry''' or '''Koiri''') aka '''Kushwaha ''' <ref name=Pinch1996p91>{{cite book |title=Peasants and monks in British India |first=William R. |last=Pinch |publisher=University of California Press |year=1996 |isbn=978-0-520-20061-6 |url=https://archive.org/details/peasantsmonksinb0000pinc |url-access=registration |page=[https://archive.org/details/peasantsmonksinb0000pinc/page/n106 91] |accessdate=2012-02-22}}</ref> are an Indian [[caste]], found largely in [[Bihar]], whose traditional occupation was as cultivators. They were described in 1896 by [[Jogendra Nath Bhattacharya]] as "differing in nothing" from the agricultural [[Kurmi]] caste, other than the Kurmi produce agricultural staples, while the Koeri specialise in kitchen gardening."<ref name="Bhattacharya1896">{{cite book|first=Jogendra Nath |last=Bhattacharya |authorlink=Jogendra Nath Bhattacharya |title=Hindu castes and sects: an exposition of the origin of the Hindu caste system and the bearing of the sects towards each other and towards other religious systems|url=https://archive.org/details/hinducastesands00bhatgoog|accessdate=17 June 2011|year=1896|publisher=Thacker, Spink|pages=[https://archive.org/details/hinducastesands00bhatgoog/page/n298 274]–275}}</ref> An official report of 1941 admired them as being the "most advanced" cultivators in Bihar and said that they are "Simple in habits, thrifty to a degree and a master in the art of market-gardening.They are one of the pillar of the 'trio' called '''Triveni Sangh''', a coalition of three intermediate castes which was formed in a quest for social justice in the feudal [[Bihar]].<ref>{{cite web| url=https://m.timesofindia.com/elections/bihar-elections-2015/news/Bihar-eection-Triveni-Sangh-on-revival-path/articleshow/49640108.cms |title=Bihar eection: Triveni Sangh on revival path|date=2015-11-03}}</ref>The Koeris are one of the most influential [[Other Backward Classes|OBC]] community in Bihar.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://theprint.in/politics/upendra-kushwahas-exit-could-undo-bjps-carefully-planned-bihar-caste-coalition/
|title=Upendra Kushwaha’s exit could undo BJP’s carefully planned Bihar caste coalition
|website=theprint.in|access-date=2020-05-28}}</ref>
{{quote|The Koeri is amongst the best of the tillers of the soil to be found anywhere in India."<ref>{{cite book |title=India's silent revolution: the rise of the lower castes in North India |page=197 |first=Christophe |last=Jaffrelot |publisher=C. Hurst & Co. |location=London |year=2003 |isbn=978-1-85065-670-8 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OAkW94DtUMAC |accessdate=29 August 2011}}</ref> They are aggressive force in India's [[caste]] based politics.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://blogs.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/toi-edit-page/bihar-elections-still-remain-about-slicing-and-dicing-caste-ebcs-are-the-wild-card/|title=Bihar elections still remain about slicing and dicing caste, EBCs are the wild card}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://blogs.economictimes.indiatimes.com/et-commentary/frenemies-bjps-tie-up-with-jitan-ram-manjhi-could-give-it-edge-in-bihar-polls/|title=Frenemies: BJP's tie-up with Jitan Ram Manjhi could give it edge in Bihar polls}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.business-standard.com/article/economy-policy/bihar-voters-in-dilemma-110102800030_1.html|title=Bihar voters in dilemma}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/BJP-ties-up-with-OBC-leader-Upendra-Kushwaha-in-Bihar/articleshow/30534465.cms|title=BJP ties up with OBC leader Upendra Kushwaha in Bihar}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.sunday-guardian.com/news/bjp-may-bring-in-kushwaha-as-obc-face|title=BJP may bring in Kushwaha as OBC face}}</ref>}}
[[File:The Minister of State for Human Resource Development, Shri Upendra Kushwaha addressing at the inauguration of the “Summer Fiesta”, in New Delhi on May 22, 2018 (1).JPG|thumb|Leader of [[Koeri]]s in Bihar, <ref name=":0">{{Cite news|last=Banerjee|first=Shoumojit|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/other-states/Rashtriya-Samata-Party-merges-with-JDU/article16894644.ece|title=Rashtriya Samata Party merges with JD(U)|date=2009-11-27|work=[[The Hindu]]|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200425091049/https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/other-states/Rashtriya-Samata-Party-merges-with-JDU/article16894644.ece|archive-date=2020-04-25|language=en-IN|issn=0971-751X}}</ref> Sri [[Upendra Kushwaha]] addressing in a convention]]
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*[[Upendra Kushwaha]], former Union Minister of State (HRD Ministry); President of [[Rashtriya Lok Samata Party]]
[[File:Kushwaha2.jpg|thumb|Babu Singh Kushwaha]]
*[[Babu Singh Kushwaha]], former minister in [[Uttar Pradesh]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://m.timesofindia.com/city/varanasi/bsp-party-of-rich-people-babu-singh-kushwaha/amp_articleshow/74014579.cms|title=BSP party of rich people: Babu Singh Kushwaha|website=[[The Times of India ]]|date=2020-05-28}}</ref>
[[File:Ramesh Singh Kushwaha (MLA).jpg|thumb|upright|Ramesh Singh Kushwaha]]
*[[Ramesh Singh Kushwaha]], [[Communist]] leader<ref name=":2">{{cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/patna/BJP-faces-comrades-of-yore-in-Ziradei-seat/articleshow/49586703.cms|title=BJP faces comrades of yore in Ziradei seat|last=Chaudhary|first=Pranav|date=29 October 2015|website=[[The Times of India]]|language=en|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=2020-04-15}}</ref> and MLA Ziradei ([[Siwan district|Siwan]])
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[[Category:Social groups of Bihar]]
[[Category:Shudra castes]]▼
[[Category:Agricultural castes]]
==Citations==
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*{{cite book | last=Sinha | first=A. | title=Nitish Kumar and the Rise of Bihar | publisher=Viking | year=2011 | isbn=978-0-670-08459-3 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rT2xWp_iTCYC&pg=PA93&94 | ref=harv | accessdate=7 April 2015}}
*{{cite book |title=Opium, empire and the global political economy: a study of the Asian opium trade, 1750–1950 |first=Carl A. |last=Trocki |authorlink=Carl A. Trocki|publisher=Routledge |year=1999 |isbn=978-0-415-19918-6 |pages=64–67 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DDNvkSC26bcC |accessdate=2011-10-04}}
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