ʿIrāq

English

Proper noun

ʿIrāq

1. Rare form of Iraq.
   • 2012, Fred McGraw Donner, Lawrence I. Conrad, editors, The Articulation of Early Islamic State Structures (The Formation of the Classical Islamic World), Routledge, published 2016, →ISBN:

     One only has to study the ancient historians: all their anecdotes come from ʿIrāq, which also became the decisive area for the state finances.

   • 2015, Harry Munt, with contributions from Touraj Daryaee, Omar Edaibat, Robert Hoyland, and Isabel Toral-Niehoff, “Arabic and Persian Sources for Pre-Islamic Arabia”, in Greg Fisher, editor, Arabs and Empires before Islam, Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 483:

     And Bakr—all ʿIrāq’s broad plain is theirs: but if so they will, a shield comes to guard their homes from lofty Yamāmah’s dales.

   • 2016, Karen C. Pinto, Medieval Islamic Maps: An Exploration, The University of Chicago Press, →ISBN, page 94:

     In order to keep the support of their new and powerful Persian constituency—on whose backs the Abbasids had come to power—the caliph Manṣūr (considered the founder of the Abbasid state and builder of Baghdad) promoted the thinking that “the ʿAbbāsid dynasty, in addition to being the descendants of the Prophet and hence satisfying the demands of both Sunnī and Shīʿī Muslims, was at the same time the successor of the ancient imperial dynasties in ʿIrāq and Iran, from the Babylonians through the Sasanians, their immediate predecessors. […]”