Ancient Greek

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Etymology

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From Proto-Hellenic *pikrós, formally identical to Proto-Slavic *pьstrъ (variegated), which is from Proto-Indo-European *piḱ-rós, from the root *peyḱ- (color, speckle). The Greek word appears to invoke an earlier meaning of "hew, cut out" > "sharp". A further cognate is ποικίλος (poikílos, particoloured).[1]

Pronunciation

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Adjective

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πῐκρός (pikrósm (feminine πῐκρᾱ́, neuter πῐκρόν); first/second declension

  1. pointed, sharp, keen
  2. (of taste) pungent, bitter, acrid
  3. (of feeling) sharp, keen
  4. (of sound) piercing, shrill
  5. (figuratively) bitter, hateful
  6. embittered, angry, hostile
  7. relentless, spiteful, vindictive

Inflection

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Derived terms

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Descendants

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References

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  1. ^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “πικρός”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 1190

Further reading

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Greek

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Etymology

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From Ancient Greek πικρός (pikrós).

Adjective

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πικρός (pikrósm (feminine πικρή, neuter πικρό)

  1. bitter (taste)
    Antonym: άπικρος (ápikros)
  2. (figuratively) bitter, sorrowful

Declension

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Declension of πικρός
singular plural
masculine feminine neuter masculine feminine neuter
nominative πικρός (pikrós) πικρή (pikrí) πικρό (pikró) πικροί (pikroí) πικρές (pikrés) πικρά (pikrá)
genitive πικρού (pikroú) πικρής (pikrís) πικρού (pikroú) πικρών (pikrón) πικρών (pikrón) πικρών (pikrón)
accusative πικρό (pikró) πικρή (pikrí) πικρό (pikró) πικρούς (pikroús) πικρές (pikrés) πικρά (pikrá)
vocative πικρέ (pikré) πικρή (pikrí) πικρό (pikró) πικροί (pikroí) πικρές (pikrés) πικρά (pikrá)

Derivations:
Comparative: πιο + positive forms (e.g. πιο πικρός, etc.)
Relative superlative: definite article + πιο + positive forms (e.g. ο πιο πικρός, etc.)