вы

See also: Вы, вы-, вꙑ, and Appendix:Variations of "bi"

Belarusian

Alternative forms

• vy — Łacinka (Belarusian Latin alphabet)

Etymology

From Old Belarusian вы (vy), from Old East Slavic вы (vy), from Proto-Slavic *vy.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [vɨ]

• Audio:

  (file)

Pronoun

вы • (vy)

1. you (plural or formal)

Declension

Declension of Belarusian personal pronouns

	singular						plural				reflexive
	1st person	2nd person	3rd person				1st person	2nd person	3rd person
			m	n	f
nominative	я (ja)	ты (ty)	ён (jón)	яно́ ‎(janó)	яна́ ‎(janá)		мы ‎(my)	вы ‎(vy)	яны́ ‎(janý)
genitive	мяне́ (mjanjé)	цябе́ (cjabjé)	яго́ ‎(jahó)		яе́ ‎(jajé)		нас (nas)	вас (vas)	іх ‎(ix)		сябе́ (sjabjé)
dative	мне (mnje)	табе́ ‎(tabjé)	яму́ ‎(jamú)		ёй (jój)		нам ‎(nam)	вам ‎(vam)	ім (im)		сабе́ ‎(sabjé)
accusative	мяне́ ‎(mjanjé)	цябе́ ‎(cjabjé)	яго́ (jahó)		яе́ ‎(jajé)		нас ‎(nas)	вас ‎(vas)	іх (ix)		сябе́ (sjabjé)
instrumental	мной, мно́ю ‎(mnoj, mnóju)	табо́й, табо́ю (tabój, tabóju)	ім (im)		ёй, ёю (jój, jóju)		на́мі ‎(námi)	ва́мі ‎(vámi)	і́мі (ími)		сабо́й, сабо́ю (sabój, sabóju)
locative	мне (mnje)	табе́ (tabjé)	ім (im)		ёй (jój)		нас (nas)	вас (vas)	іх (ix)		сабе́ ‎(sabjé)

Carpathian Rusyn

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *vy, from Proto-Indo-European *yū́.

Pronoun

вы • (vŷ)

1. second-person singular formal, as well as second-person plural, nominative case:you

   Як ся Вы сам чуєте в ролї учітеля материньского языка? ― Jak sja Vŷ sam čujete v rolji učitelja materynʹskoho jazŷka? ― How do you feel in the role of a teacher of your native language?

Further reading

• Kercha, Ihor (2012) Словник русько-русинськый: у 2 т. (overall work in Russian and Carpathian Rusyn), Uzhhorod: PoliPrint

Kabardian

Etymology

Compare Adyghe цу (cʷu).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [və]

• Audio:

  (file)

Noun

вы • (və)

1. ox
2. bull (Animal)

Declension

declension of вы

case	singular	plural
nominative	выр (vər)	выхэр (vəxɛr)
ergative	вым (vəm)	выхэмэ (vəxɛmɛ)
instrumental	вы(м)кӏэ (və(m)kʼɛ)	выхэ(м)кӏэ (vəxɛ(m)kʼɛ)
invertive	выу (vəwu)	выхыу (vəxəwu)

Russian

Alternative forms

• Вы (Vy) — alternative capitalisation in formal writing

Etymology

From Old East Slavic вы (vy), from Proto-Slavic *vy, from Proto-Indo-European *yū́. Cognate with Sanskrit यूयम् (yūyam) and English you.

Use of Вы as a formal singular is attested in East Slavic literature from the 11th-16th century, under influence of Byzantine speech. It started becoming widespread in Russian society during the rule of Peter the Great, under French and German influence, and became ingrained by the 19th century.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [vɨ]

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ɨ

Pronoun

вы • (vy)

1. you (plural or formal singular)

Usage notes

The personal pronoun вы is comparable to French vous, German Sie, Italian Voi, Spanish usted, Portuguese vós, and is used not only in the plural sense, but also as the formal singular. The formal вы is appropriate with strangers, business contacts, neighbors, and friends. (The informal ты (ty) should only be used with family and friends. Even then, a speaker may suddenly switch to вы in order to broach an especially serious topic, or to indicate displeasure or anger.) For more information, see Appendix:Russian pronouns

Declension

Declension of Russian personal pronouns

	singular						plural				reflexive
	1st person	2nd person	3rd person				1st person	2nd person	3rd person
			m	n	f
nominative	я (ja)	ты (ty)	он (on)	оно́ (onó)	она́ (oná)		мы (my)	вы (vy)	они́ 1 (oní)
genitive	меня́ (menjá)	тебя́ (tebjá)	его́ 2, него́ 2 3 (jevó, nevó)		её 4, неё 3 4 (jejó, nejó)		нас (nas)	вас (vas)	их, них 3 (ix, nix)		себя́ (sebjá)
dative	мне (mne)	тебе́ (tebé)	ему́, нему́ 3 (jemú, nemú)		ей, ней 3 (jej, nej)		нам (nam)	вам (vam)	им, ним 3 (im, nim)		себе́ (sebé)
accusative	меня́ (menjá)	тебя́ (tebjá)	его́ 2, него́ 2 3 (jevó, nevó)		её, неё 3 (jejó, nejó)		нас (nas)	вас (vas)	их, них 3 (ix, nix)		себя́ (sebjá)
instrumental	мной, мно́ю 5 (mnoj, mnóju)	тобо́й, тобо́ю 5 (tobój, tobóju)	им, ним 3 (im, nim)		ей, ней 3, е́ю 5, не́ю 3 5 (jej, nej, jéju, néju)		на́ми (námi)	ва́ми (vámi)	и́ми, ни́ми 3 (ími, ními)		собо́й, собо́ю 5 (sobój, sobóju)
prepositional 6	мне (mne)	тебе́ (tebé)	нём 3 (njom)		ней 3 (nej)		нас (nas)	вас (vas)	них 3 (nix)		себе́ (sebé)
Archaic feminine form: оне́ (oné). The letter г (g) in the genitive/accusative case ending is pronounced as /v/. The alternative forms starting with н- (n-) are used after a preposition. Archaic forms: ея́ (jejá), нея́ (nejá). Instrumental forms ending in -ю (-ju) are either dated, poetic, or dialectal. The prepositional case is never used without a preposition.

Pre-1918 declension of Russian personal pronouns

	singular						plural					reflexive
	1st person	2nd person	3rd person				1st person	2nd person	3rd person
			m	n	f				m or n	f
nominative	я (ja)	ты (ty)	онъ (on)	оно́ (onó)	она́ (oná)		мы (my)	вы (vy)	они́ (oní)	онѣ́ (oně́)
genitive	меня́ (menjá)	тебя́ (tebjá)	его́ 1, него́ 1 2 (jevó, nevó)		ея́ 3, нея́ 2 3 (jejá, nejá)		насъ (nas)	васъ (vas)	ихъ, нихъ 2 (ix, nix)			себя́ (sebjá)
dative	мнѣ (mně)	тебѣ́ (tebě́)	ему́, нему́ 2 (jemú, nemú)		ей, ней 2 (jej, nej)		намъ (nam)	вамъ (vam)	имъ, нимъ 2 (im, nim)			себѣ́ (sebě́)
accusative	меня́ (menjá)	тебя́ (tebjá)	его́ 1, него́ 1 2 (jevó, nevó)		её, неё 2 (jejó, nejó)		насъ (nas)	васъ (vas)	ихъ, нихъ 2 (ix, nix)			себя́ (sebjá)
instrumental	мной, мно́ю 4 (mnoj, mnóju)	тобо́й, тобо́ю 4 (tobój, tobóju)	имъ, нимъ 2 (im, nim)		ей, ней 2, е́ю 4, не́ю 2 4 (jej, nej, jéju, néju)		на́ми (námi)	ва́ми (vámi)	и́ми, ни́ми 2 (ími, ními)			собо́й, собо́ю 4 (sobój, sobóju)
prepositional5	мнѣ (mně)	тебѣ́ (tebě́)	нёмъ 2 (njom)		ней 2 (nej)		насъ (nas)	васъ (vas)	нихъ 2 (nix)			себѣ́ (sebě́)
Letter г (g) in the genitive/accusative case ending is pronounced as /v/. The alternative forms starting with н- (n-) are used after a preposition. Archaic forms: ея́ (jejá), нея́ (nejá). Instrumental forms ending in -ю (-ju) are either dated, poetic, or dialectal. The prepositional case is never used without a preposition.

Related terms

• ваш (vaš)
• свой (svoj)

External links

• Как писать ВЫ и ВАШ – с прописной или со строчной буквы? – gramota.ru