Belarusian

edit

Etymology

edit

From Proto-Slavic *samъ.

Pronunciation

edit
  • IPA(key): [sam]
  • Audio:(file)

Pronoun

edit

сам (samm

  1. (definitive pronoun, emphatic) self, -self

Declension

edit

Bulgarian

edit

Pronunciation

edit

Etymology 1

edit

From Proto-Slavic *samъ.

Adjective

edit

сам (sam) (adverb са́мо)

  1. alone, by oneself
  2. the very ..., the ... himself/herself/itself
    на сами́я край
    na samíja kraj
    at the very end
    сама́та жена́ дойде́
    samáta žená dojdé
    the woman herself came
Declension
edit
Derived terms
edit

References

edit
  • сам (прил.)”, in Речник на българския език (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2014
  • сам”, in Речник на българския език (in Bulgarian), Chitanka, 2010
  • Racheva, M., Todorov, T. A., editors (2002), “сам¹”, in Български етимологичен речник (in Bulgarian), volume 6 (пỳскам – словàр²), Sofia: Prof. Marin Drinov Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 453

Etymology 2

edit

Inherited from Old Church Slavonic сѣмъ (sěmŭ), an oblique case form of сѣмо (sěmo, here, hither), from Proto-Slavic *sěmo. The unexpected vowel in modern Bulgarian is likely by analogy with там (tam, there) and its derived terms.

Adverb

edit

сам (sam) (not comparable) (archaic or dialectal)

  1. with beckoning verbs in the imperative: here, in this place
    Ела́ сам!Elá sam!Come here!
Derived terms
edit

References

edit

Anagrams

edit

Kalmyk

edit

Etymology

edit

From Proto-Mongolic *sam, compare Mongolian сам (sam), Buryat һам (ham), Dongxiang san.

Noun

edit

сам (sam)

  1. comb

Macedonian

edit

Etymology

edit

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *samъ.

Pronunciation

edit

Adjective

edit

сам (sam) (comparative посам, superlative најсам, diminutive самичок, abstract noun самотија)

  1. alone, by oneself

Declension

edit

Mongolian

edit

Etymology

edit

From Proto-Mongolic *sam, compare Buryat һам (ham), Kalmyk сам (sam), Dongxiang san.

Pronunciation

edit

Noun

edit

сам (sam) (Mongolian spelling ᠰᠠᠮ (sam), definite plural самнууд); (hidden-n declension)

  1. comb

Derived terms

edit

Northern Mansi

edit

Etymology

edit

From Proto-Uralic *śilmä.[1] Cognates include Northern Khanty сєм (sêm), Hungarian szem, Finnish silmä and Estonian silm.

Noun

edit

сам (sam)

  1. eye
  2. seed

Declension

edit

Sosva:

Inflection of сам (sam)
singular dual plural
nominative сам (sam) самыг (samyg) самыт (samyt)
locative самт (samt) самыгт (samygt) самытт (samytt)
lative самн (samn) самыгн (samygn) самытн (samytn)
ablative самныл (samnyl) самыгныл (samygnyl) самытныл (samytnyl)
instrumental самыл (samyl) самыгныл (samygnyl) самытыл (samytyl)
translative самыг (samyg) ―― ――
caritive самта̄л (samtāl) ―― ――
Possessive forms of сам (sam)
possessor single possession double possession multiple possession
1st person sing. самум (samum) самагум (samagum) саманум (samanum)
2nd person sing. самын (samyn) самагын (samagyn) саман (saman)
3rd person sing. саме (same) самаге (samage) саманэ (samanè)
1st person dual самме̄н (sammēn) самагаме̄н (samagamēn) саманаме̄н (samanamēn)
2nd person dual самы̄н (samȳn) самагы̄н (samagȳn) саманы̄н (samanȳn)
3rd person dual саме̄ (samē) самаге̄н (samagēn) саманэ̄н (samanè̄n)
1st person plural самув (samuv) самагув (samaguv) саманув (samanuv)
2nd person plural самы̄н (samȳn) самагы̄н (samagȳn) саманы̄н (samanȳn)
3rd person plural саманыл (samanyl) самага̄ныл (samagānyl) сама̄ныл (samānyl)

Upper Lozva:

Inflection of сам (sam)
singular dual plural
nominative сам (sam) самый (samyj) самыт (samyt)
locative самт (samt) самыййт (samyjjt) самытт (samytt)
lative самн (samn) самыййн (samyjjn) самытн (samytn)
ablative самныл (samnyl) самыййныл (samyjjnyl) самытныл (samytnyl)
instrumental самыл (samyl) самыййныл (samyjjnyl) самытыл (samytyl)
translative самый (samyj) ―― ――
caritive самта̄л (samtāl) ―― ――
Possessive forms of сам (sam)
possessor single possession double possession multiple possession
1st person sing. самум (samum) самайум (samajum) саманум (samanum)
2nd person sing. самын (samyn) самайын (samajyn) саман (saman)
3rd person sing. саме (same) самайе (samaje) саманэ (samanè)
1st person dual самме̄н (sammēn) самайаме̄н (samajamēn) саманаме̄н (samanamēn)
2nd person dual самы̄н (samȳn) самагы̄н (samagȳn) саманы̄н (samanȳn)
3rd person dual саме̄ (samē) самайе̄н (samajēn) саманэ̄н (samanè̄n)
1st person plural самув (samuv) самайув (samajuv) саманув (samanuv)
2nd person plural самы̄н (samȳn) самайы̄н (samajȳn) саманы̄н (samanȳn)
3rd person plural саманыл (samanyl) самайа̄ныл (samajānyl) сама̄ныл (samānyl)

References

edit
  • Afanasʹjeva, K. V., Sobjanina, S. A. (2012) “сам”, in Školʹnyj mansijsko-russkij slovarʹ, Khanty-Mansiysk: RIO IRO
  1. ^ Entry #964 in Uralonet, online Uralic etymological database of the Hungarian Research Centre for Linguistics.

Russian

edit

Alternative forms

edit

Etymology

edit

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *samъ.

Pronunciation

edit

Pronoun

edit

сам (samm (neuter само́, feminine сама́, plural са́ми)

  1. (definitive pronoun, emphatic) self, -self
    Я сам э́то ви́дел.
    Ja sam éto vídel.
    I saw it myself.
    Само́ госуда́рство так реши́ло.
    Samó gosudárstvo tak rešílo.
    The State itself has so decided.

Declension

edit

Derived terms

edit
edit

Descendants

edit
  • Southern Yukaghir: сам (sam), саам (sām)

Serbo-Croatian

edit

Etymology 1

edit

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *samъ.

Adjective

edit

са̑м (Latin spelling sȃm, definite са̑мӣ)

  1. alone, sole
  2. the very
  3. unaided, single-handed
  4. absolute, mere, unmixed
  5. solitary, secluded
Declension
edit

Etymology 2

edit

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *(j)esmь, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *esmi, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁es-.

Verb

edit

са̏м (Latin spelling sȁm)

  1. first-person singular present enclitic of би̏ти
    Ту сам.I'm here.

Southern Yukaghir

edit

Alternative forms

edit

Etymology

edit

Borrowed from Russian сам (sam).

Pronunciation

edit
  • IPA(key): [ˈsam]
  • Rhymes: -am
  • Hyphenation: сам

Pronoun

edit

сам (sam)

  1. self, -self
    • 2007, M. I. Turpanova, Раньше, когда мы были маленькие:
      Титтэ сам иҥдьэҥитэй, - мони.
      Titte sam iŋdʹeŋitej, - moni.
      They will sew it themselves, - he said.

References

edit
  • Elena Maslova (2003) A Grammar of Kolyma Yukaghir, Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter, →ISBN, page 26

Ukrainian

edit

Etymology

edit

From Proto-Slavic *samъ.

Pronunciation

edit

Pronoun

edit

сам (samm

  1. (definitive pronoun, emphatic) self, -self

Declension

edit

Further reading

edit