чтобы
Russian
editAlternative forms
edit- чтоб (štob)
Etymology
editPronunciation
editConjunction
editчто́бы • (štóby) (+ subjunctive or the infinitive)
- that...should (indicates the subjunctive)
- so that, in order that; in order to
- lest
Usage notes
edit- After чтобы, an infinitive is used if a subject is not specified. Он позвонил мне, чтобы сказать, что любит меня. (He phoned me in order to say that he loves me).
- The subjunctive mood is used when a subject is specified. Я хочу, чтобы ты позвонил мне. (I want you to phone me). Even though the verb is in the past tense, it still refers to the future.
- To put the construction in past tense, the first clause is changed to past tense. Я хотел, чтобы ты позвонил мне вчера. (I wanted you to phone me yesterday).
- Чтобы is normally used with perfective verbs, but imperfective verbs will be used if there is a request not to do something.
Related terms
edit- для того́, что́бы (dlja tovó, štóby)