কলম

Assamese

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /kɔ.lɔm/

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Classical Persian (qalam), from Arabic قَلَم (qalam), from Ancient Greek κάλαμος (kálamos). Compare Bengali কলম (kolom), Hindi क़लम (qalam).

Noun

কলম • (kolom) (classifier -টো)

pen
(uncommon): Synonyms: কাপ (kap), লিখনি (likhoni)

Declension

Declension of কলম
nominative	কলম / কলমে kolom / kolome
genitive	কলমৰ kolomor
nominative	কলম / কলমে kolom / kolome
accusative	কলম / কলমক kolom / kolomok
dative	কলমলৈ kolomoloi
terminative	কলমলৈকে kolomoloike
instrumental	কলমে / কলমেৰে kolome / kolomere
genitive	কলমৰ kolomor
locative	কলমত kolomot
Notes
Noun: Assamese nouns are indefinite. They can be both singular and plural depending on the context. They are made definite by using classifiers and plural suffixes which also make them either singular and plural. Plural: The general plural suffixes are: -বোৰ (-bür) and -বিলাক (-bilak) (less common). Others which have specific functions include -সমূহ (-xomuh), -সকল (-xokol), -হঁত (-hõt) etc. Nominative: The -এ (-e) suffix is used when the noun works as an agent and the verb is transitive. Accusative: -অক (-ok) is used for animate sense and for emphasis. No case marking otherwise. Dative 1: For direct objects -অক (-ok) marks this case instead of -অলৈ (-oloi). Dative 2: In some dialects -অক (-ok) or -অত (-ot) marks this case instead of -অলৈ (-oloi). Terminative: Vaguely -অলৈ (-oloi) can mark this case too. Instrumental 1: -এ (-e) is unemphatic and -এৰে (-ere) is emphatic and more common. Instrumental 2: Alternatively -এদি (-edi) is used instead of the default -এৰে (-ere) in Standard Assamese. Locative: The locative suffix is -এ (-e) in repetition of the word, with adverbs and days of the week.

Etymology 2

Inherited from Sanskrit কলম্ব (kalamba), কডম্ব (kaḍamba, “end, point, stalk of a pot herb”).

Noun

কলম • (kolom) (classifier -টো)

pruning
branch of a tree cut for planting, graft

Declension

Declension of কলম
nominative	কলম / কলমে kolom / kolome
genitive	কলমৰ kolomor
nominative	কলম / কলমে kolom / kolome
accusative	কলম / কলমক kolom / kolomok
dative	কলমলৈ kolomoloi
terminative	কলমলৈকে kolomoloike
instrumental	কলমে / কলমেৰে kolome / kolomere
genitive	কলমৰ kolomor
locative	কলমত kolomot
Notes
Noun: Assamese nouns are indefinite. They can be both singular and plural depending on the context. They are made definite by using classifiers and plural suffixes which also make them either singular and plural. Plural: The general plural suffixes are: -বোৰ (-bür) and -বিলাক (-bilak) (less common). Others which have specific functions include -সমূহ (-xomuh), -সকল (-xokol), -হঁত (-hõt) etc. Nominative: The -এ (-e) suffix is used when the noun works as an agent and the verb is transitive. Accusative: -অক (-ok) is used for animate sense and for emphasis. No case marking otherwise. Dative 1: For direct objects -অক (-ok) marks this case instead of -অলৈ (-oloi). Dative 2: In some dialects -অক (-ok) or -অত (-ot) marks this case instead of -অলৈ (-oloi). Terminative: Vaguely -অলৈ (-oloi) can mark this case too. Instrumental 1: -এ (-e) is unemphatic and -এৰে (-ere) is emphatic and more common. Instrumental 2: Alternatively -এদি (-edi) is used instead of the default -এৰে (-ere) in Standard Assamese. Locative: The locative suffix is -এ (-e) in repetition of the word, with adverbs and days of the week.

Etymology 3

Borrowed from English column.

Noun

কলম • (kolom) (classifier -টো)

column

Declension

Declension of কলম
nominative	কলম / কলমে kolom / kolome
genitive	কলমৰ kolomor
nominative	কলম / কলমে kolom / kolome
accusative	কলম / কলমক kolom / kolomok
dative	কলমলৈ kolomoloi
terminative	কলমলৈকে kolomoloike
instrumental	কলমে / কলমেৰে kolome / kolomere
genitive	কলমৰ kolomor
locative	কলমত kolomot
Notes
Noun: Assamese nouns are indefinite. They can be both singular and plural depending on the context. They are made definite by using classifiers and plural suffixes which also make them either singular and plural. Plural: The general plural suffixes are: -বোৰ (-bür) and -বিলাক (-bilak) (less common). Others which have specific functions include -সমূহ (-xomuh), -সকল (-xokol), -হঁত (-hõt) etc. Nominative: The -এ (-e) suffix is used when the noun works as an agent and the verb is transitive. Accusative: -অক (-ok) is used for animate sense and for emphasis. No case marking otherwise. Dative 1: For direct objects -অক (-ok) marks this case instead of -অলৈ (-oloi). Dative 2: In some dialects -অক (-ok) or -অত (-ot) marks this case instead of -অলৈ (-oloi). Terminative: Vaguely -অলৈ (-oloi) can mark this case too. Instrumental 1: -এ (-e) is unemphatic and -এৰে (-ere) is emphatic and more common. Instrumental 2: Alternatively -এদি (-edi) is used instead of the default -এৰে (-ere) in Standard Assamese. Locative: The locative suffix is -এ (-e) in repetition of the word, with adverbs and days of the week.

Bengali

Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian (qalam), from Arabic قَلَم (qalam), from Ancient Greek κάλαμος (kálamos). Cognate with Assamese কলম (kolom), Odia କଲମ (kalama), Hindustani قلم / क़लम (qalam), Dhivehi ގަލަން (galan̊), Gujarati કલમ (kalam), Nepali कलम (kalam), Punjabi ਕਲਮ (kalam), Sindhi قَلَمُ (qalamu), Burmese ကလောင် (ka.laung).

Pronunciation

(Rarh) IPA^(key): /kɔlom/, [ˈkɔlom]
Audio: (file)
(Dhaka) IPA^(key): /kɔlom/, [ˈkɔlom]
Audio: (file)

Noun

কলম • (kolom)

pen

Declension

	Indefinite forms
Inflection of কলম
nominative	কলম kolom
objective	কলম / কলমকে kolom (semantically general or indefinite) / kolomke (semantically definite)
genitive	কলমের kolomer
locative	কলমে kolome
nominative	কলম kolom
objective	কলম / কলমকে kolom (semantically general or indefinite) / kolomke (semantically definite)
genitive	কলমের kolomer
locative	কলমে kolome

	Definite forms
	singular	plural
nominative	কলমটা , কলমটি kolomṭa (colloquial), kolomṭi (formal)	কলমগুলা, কলমগুলো kolomgula (colloquial), kolomgulo (formal)
objective	কলমটা, কলমটি kolomṭa (colloquial), kolomṭi (formal)	কলমগুলা, কলমগুলো kolomgula (colloquial), kolomgulo (formal)
genitive	কলমটার, কলমটির kolomṭar (colloquial), kolomṭir (formal)	কলমগুলার, কলমগুলোর kolomgular (colloquial), kolomgulor (formal)
locative	কলমটাতে / কলমটায়, কলমটিতে kolomṭate / kolomṭay (colloquial), kolomṭite (formal)	কলমগুলাতে / কলমগুলায়, কলমগুলোতে kolomgulate / kolomgulay (colloquial), kolomgulote (formal)

Objective Note: In some dialects -রে (-re) marks this case instead of -কে (-ke).