パン

Ainu

Etymology

Borrowed from Japanese パン, from Portuguese pão (“bread”), from Latin pānem, accusative singular form of pānis (“bread”). Compare French pain, Italian pane, Romanian pâine, Spanish pan.

Noun

パン • (pan)

bread

References

John Batchelor (1905) An Ainu-English-Japanese dictionary (including a grammar of the Ainu language)‎^[1], Tokyo, London: Methodist Publishing House; Kegan Paul, Trench, Trubner Co.

Japanese

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) パン [páꜜǹ] (Atamadaka – [1])^[1]^[2]
IPA^(key): [pã̠ɴ]

Etymology 1

Alternative spellings
麵麭 (rare) 麺麭 (rare) 麺𮮆 (rare) 麺包 (rare) 麪包 (rare)

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *peh₂-der.?

Latin panis

Old Galician-Portuguese pan

Portuguese pãobor.

Japanese パン

From Portuguese pão (“bread”),^[3]^[2] from Latin pānem, accusative singular form of pānis (“bread”). Compare French pain, Italian pane, Romanian pâine, Spanish pan.

Noun

パン • (pan)

bread, pastries, any baked good with a crust (a type of food)

Usage notes

The kanji spellings 麺麭, 麺包, and 麪包 are examples of jukujikun. Use of these spellings is extremely rare in modern Japanese.
While usually translated as 'bread', the term also covers a wide variety of baked goods that would not be called bread in English. This includes bread-like sweets like brioche, filled puff pastries and similar items, as well as various Asian steamed dough dumplings.

Derived terms

パン屑(くず) (pankuzu): crumbs, breadcrumbs
パン粉(こ) (panko): dry breadcrumbs
パン屋(や) (pan'ya): a bakery; a baker
フランスパン (Furansu pan): French bread
食(しょく)パン (shokupan): pullman loaf, sandwich loaf, pain de mie, a loaf or a slice
あんパン (anpan)

Descendants

→ Ainu: パン (pan)
→ Amis: epang
→ Bunun: paang
→ Hakka: 麭／𮮆 (pháng)
→ Korean: 빵 (ppang)
→ Min Nan: 麭／𮮆 (pháng)
→ Paiwan: pang
→ Rukai: pange
→ Saaroa: pangʉ

Etymology 2

Borrowed from English pan.^[3]^[2]

Noun

パン • (pan)

(cooking) a pan (flat vessel used for cooking)
(cinematography) a pan shot (a film shot where the camera is turned horizontally)

Derived terms

フライパン (furai pan): a fry pan, a frying pan
ソースパン (sōsu pan): a saucepan

Verb

パンする • (pan suru) suru (stem パンし (pan shi), past パンした (pan shita))

to pan (to turn a camera horizontally)

Conjugation

Conjugation of "パンする" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective")	パンし	pan shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative")	パンし	pan shi
Shūshikei ("terminal")	パンする	pan suru
Rentaikei ("attributive")	パンする	pan suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical")	パンすれ	pan sure
Meireikei ("imperative")	パンせよ¹ パンしろ²	pan seyo¹ pan shiro²
Key constructions
Passive	パンされる	pan sareru
Causative	パンさせるパンさす	pan saseru pan sasu
Potential	パンできる	pan dekiru
Volitional	パンしよう	pan shiyō
Negative	パンしない	pan shinai
Negative continuative	パンせず	pan sezu
Formal	パンします	pan shimasu
Perfective	パンした	pan shita
Conjunctive	パンして	pan shite
Hypothetical conditional	パンすれば	pan sureba
¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative

Etymology 3

Ultimately from Ancient Greek Πάν (Pán). (This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Proper noun

パン • (Pan)

(Greek mythology) Pan
(astronomy) Pan

Derived terms

パンパイプ (panpaipu, “panpipes”)

References

^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
↑ ^2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
↑ ^3.0 ^3.1 Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN

[NHK-1] NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

[DJR-2] 2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[KDJ-3] 3.0 ^3.1 Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN

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