廣州

See also: 広州 and 广州

Chinese

		Liangguang	province; prefecture; state province; prefecture; state; county
trad. (廣州)		廣	州
simp. (广州)		广	州

Wikipedia has articles on:

廣州 (Written Standard Chinese^?)
廣州 (Cantonese)
廣州 (Classical)
廣州 (Gan)
Kóng-chû (Hakka)
Guōng-ciŭ (Eastern Min)
Kńg-chiu (Southern Min)
廣州 (Wu)
Guangzhou (English)
Guangzhou (historical region) (English)

Etymology

Originally the name of a prefecture, first established in 226 CE and re-established in 264 CE, that covered parts of present-day Guangdong and whose seat was originally located in Panyu.

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): Guǎngzhōu

(Zhuyin): ㄍㄨㄤˇ ㄓㄡ
Cantonese
(Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): gwong² zau¹

(Dongguan, Jyutping++): gwong² zaau¹

(Taishan, Wiktionary): gong² ziu¹
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): Kóng-chû

(Meixian, Guangdong): guong³ zu¹
Eastern Min (BUC): Guōng-ciŭ
Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): gung³ ziu¹ / gng³ ziu¹
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): Kńg-chiu / Kúiⁿ-chiu

(Teochew, Peng'im): geng² ziu¹
Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁵kuaon-tseu

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: Guǎngzhōu
  - Zhuyin: ㄍㄨㄤˇ ㄓㄡ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: Guǎngjhou
  - Wade–Giles: Kuang³-chou¹
  - Yale: Gwǎng-jōu
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Goangjou
  - Palladius: Гуанчжоу (Guančžou)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ku̯ɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: gwong² zau¹
  - Yale: gwóng jāu
  - Cantonese Pinyin: gwong² dzau¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: guong² zeo¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʷɔːŋ³⁵ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/
- (Dongguan, Guancheng)
  - Jyutping++: gwong² zaau¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʷɔŋ³⁵ t͡sau²¹³/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
  - Wiktionary: gong² ziu¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kɔŋ⁵⁵ t͡siu³³/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: Kóng-chû
  - Hakka Romanization System: gong^ˋ zu^ˊ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: gong³ zu¹
  - Sinological IPA: /koŋ³¹ t͡su²⁴/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: guong³ zu¹
  - Sinological IPA: /kuɔŋ³¹ t͡su⁴⁴/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: Guōng-ciŭ
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kuoŋ³³⁻²¹ ^(t͡s-)ʒieu⁵⁵/
Puxian Min
- (Putian)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: gung³ ziu¹ [Phonetic: gung² niu¹]
  - Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: Gn̂g-ciu
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kuŋ⁴⁵³⁻¹³ ^(t͡s-)niu⁵³³/
- (Xianyou)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: gng³ ziu¹ [Phonetic: gng² niu¹]
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kŋ̍³³²⁻¹³ ^(t͡s-)niu⁵³³/

Note:

gung3 ziu1 - literary;
gng3 ziu1 - vernacular.

Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, General Taiwanese, Jinjiang, Philippines, Singapore, Penang)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Kńg-chiu
  - Tâi-lô: Kńg-tsiu
  - Phofsit Daibuun: kngfciw
  - IPA (Xiamen, Taipei): /kŋ̍⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡siu⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang, Philippines): /kŋ̍⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ t͡siu³³/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /kŋ̍⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ t͡siu⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Penang): /kŋ̍⁴⁴⁵⁻³³ t͡siu³³/
  - IPA (Singapore): /kŋ̍⁴²⁻²⁴ t͡siu⁴⁴/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Kúiⁿ-chiu
  - Tâi-lô: Kuínn-tsiu
  - Phofsit Daibuun: kvuyciw
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /kuĩ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡siu⁴⁴/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: geng² ziu¹
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: kṳ́ng tsiu
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kɯŋ⁵²⁻³⁵ t͡siu³³/
Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai)
  - Wugniu: ⁵kuaon-tseu
  - MiniDict: kuaon^去 tseu
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ²kuaan-tseu
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /kuɑ̃³³ t͡sɤ⁴⁴/

Middle Chinese: kwangX tsyuw

Rime
Character	廣	州
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	見 (28)	章 (23)
Final (韻)	唐 (102)	尤 (136)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Closed	Open
Division (等)	I	III
Fanqie	古晃切	職流切
Baxter	kwangX	tsyuw
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kwɑŋ^X/	/t͡ɕɨu/
Pan Wuyun	/kʷɑŋ^X/	/t͡ɕiu/
Shao Rongfen	/kuɑŋ^X/	/t͡ɕiəu/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kwaŋ^X/	/cuw/
Li Rong	/kuɑŋ^X/	/t͡ɕiu/
Wang Li	/kuɑŋ^X/	/t͡ɕĭəu/
Bernhard Karlgren	/kwɑŋ^X/	/t͡ɕi̯ə̯u/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	guǎng	zhōu
Expected Cantonese Reflex	gwong²	zau¹

Proper noun

廣州

(～市, formerly ～府, ～路) Guangzhou (a prefecture-level city, subprovincial city, and port, the provincial capital of Guangdong, China)
(historical) Guǎng Prefecture (various ancient prefectures of imperial China in present-day Guangdong and Guangxi)
(～市) Gwangju (a city in Gyeonggi Province, South Korea)

Synonyms

(capital of Guangdong): 五羊城 (Wǔyángchéng), 羊城 (Yángchéng), 五羊 (Wǔyáng), 穗城 (Suìchéng)

Dialectal synonyms of 廣州 (“Guangzhou”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		廣州, 穗 short
Northeastern Mandarin	Taiwan	廣州
Northeastern Mandarin	Singapore	廣州
Cantonese	Guangzhou	廣州, 廣府, 省城, 省
	Hong Kong	廣州, 省城, 大圈 slang
	Taishan	廣州, 省城
	Kaiping (Chikan)	省
	Dongguan	廣州, 省城
	Singapore (Guangfu)	廣州
Hakka	Meixian	廣州
Hakka	Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua)	省
Southern Min	Xiamen	廣州
	Quanzhou	廣州
	Zhangzhou	廣州
	Penang (Hokkien)	廣州
	Singapore (Hokkien)	廣州
	Leizhou	廣州

Derived terms

廣州和約／广州和约
廣州戲／广州戏
廣州灣／广州湾 (Guǎngzhōuwān)
廣州話／广州话 (guǎngzhōuhuà)
廣州起義／广州起义 (Guǎngzhōu Qǐyì)
廣州路／广州路 (Guǎngzhōulù)

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (廣州):

→ Japanese: 広(こう)州(しゅう) (Kōshū)
→ Korean: 광주(廣州) (Gwangju)
→ Vietnamese: Quảng Châu (廣州)

Others:

→ English: Guangzhou, Kwangchow, Kwang-chow
→ French: Guangzhou
→ German: Guangzhou
→ Hindi: ग्वांगझोउ (gvāṅgjhou)
→ Japanese: コワンチョウ (Kowanchō)
→ Korean: 광저우 (Gwangjeou)
→ Portuguese: Guangzhou
→ Russian: Гуанчжо́у (Guančžóu)
→ Swedish: Guangzhou
→ Thai: กว่างโจว
→ Uyghur: گۇاڭجۇ (guangju)
→ Zhuang: Gvangjcouh

Japanese

Kanji in this term
廣	州
こう Jinmeiyō	しゅう Grade: 3
on'yomi	kan'on

For pronunciation and definitions of 廣州 – see the following entry.

【広州こうしゅう】

[proper noun] Guangzhou (the capital and largest city of Guangdong, China)

(This term, 廣州, is the kyūjitai of the above term.)

Korean

Hanja in this term
廣	州

Proper noun

廣州 • (Gwangju) (hangeul 광주)

hanja form^? of 광주 (“Guangzhou”)

Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term
廣	州

Proper noun

廣州

chữ Hán form of Quảng Châu (“Guangzhou”).