怩

怩 U+6029, 怩 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6029 ← 怨 [U+6028] CJK Unified Ideographs 怪 → [U+602A]

Translingual

Han character

怩 (Kangxi radical 61, 心+5, 8 strokes, cangjie input 心尸心 (PSP), four-corner 9701₁, composition ⿰忄尼)

1. shy, timid, bashful
2. look ashamed

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 382, character 8
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 10481
• Dae Jaweon: page 711, character 4
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2287, character 16
• Unihan data for U+6029

Chinese

trad.		怩
simp. #		怩

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 怩
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (尼) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
泥	*niːl, *niːls
屔	*niːl
苨	*niːlʔ
坭	*niːlʔ
迡	*niːls
埿	*braːms, *niːl, *niːls
旎	*nilʔ
狔	*nilʔ
抳	*nilʔ
尼	*nil
呢	*nil
怩	*nil
柅	*nil, *nilʔ
蚭	*nil
跜	*nil
秜	*nil
痆	*rniːd
昵	*niɡ

Etymology

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *r-ni (“red”). Cognate with 恥 (OC *n̥ʰɯʔ, “shame, disgrace”), as well as Burmese နီ (ni, “red”) (STEDT).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): ní (ni²)

  (Zhuyin): ㄋㄧˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): nei⁴

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: ní
    • Zhuyin: ㄋㄧˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: ní
    • Wade–Giles: ni²
    • Yale: ní
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ni
    • Palladius: ни (ni)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ni³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: nei⁴
    • Yale: nèih
    • Cantonese Pinyin: nei⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: néi⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /nei̯²¹/

---

• Middle Chinese: nrij

Rime
Character	怩
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	娘 (12)
Final (韻)	脂 (17)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	女夷切
Baxter	nrij
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɳˠiɪ/
Pan Wuyun	/ɳᵚi/
Shao Rongfen	/niɪ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɳji/
Li Rong	/nji/
Wang Li	/ni/
Bernhard Karlgren	/ni/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	ní
Expected Cantonese Reflex	nei4

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*nr[əj]/

  (Zhengzhang): /*nil/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	怩
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	ní
Middle Chinese	‹ nrij ›
Old Chinese	/*nr[əj]/
English	ashamed
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	怩
Reading #	1/1
No.	9430
Phonetic component	尼
Rime group	脂
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	尼
Old Chinese	/*nil/

Definitions

怩

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Compounds

• 忸忸怩怩
• 忸怩 (niǔní)
• 忸怩作態／忸怩作态

 

Japanese

Kanji

怩

(Hyōgai kanji)

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Readings

• Go-on: に (ni)
• Kan-on: じ (ji)^{←ぢ (di, historical)}
• Kun: はず (hazu)

Korean

Hanja

怩 • (ni>i) (hangeul 니>이, revised ni>i, McCune–Reischauer ni>i, Yale ni>i)

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Vietnamese

Han character

怩: Hán Nôm readings: náy

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