時代

See also: 时代

Chinese

		o'clock; time; when o'clock; time; when; hour; season; period	substitute; replace; generation substitute; replace; generation; dynasty; geological era; era; age; period
trad. (時代)		時	代
simp. (时代)		时	代

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): shídài

(Zhuyin): ㄕˊ ㄉㄞˋ

(Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): шыдэ (šɨde, III-III)
Cantonese
(Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): si⁴ doi⁶

(Taishan, Wiktionary): si³ oi⁵
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): sṳ̀-thoi

(Hailu, HRS): shi toi^˖
Eastern Min (BUC): sṳ̀-dâi / sì-dâi
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): sî-tāi

(Teochew, Peng'im): si⁵ do⁷
Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁶zy-de₆

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)
  - Hanyu Pinyin: shídài
  - Zhuyin: ㄕˊ ㄉㄞˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: shíhdài
  - Wade–Giles: shih²-tai⁴
  - Yale: shŕ-dài
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shyrday
  - Palladius: шидай (šidaj)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʂʐ̩³⁵ taɪ̯⁵¹/
  - Homophones:
    [Show/Hide]
    ^edit
    ^edit
    時代／时代
    石埭
    石黛
    食帶／食带
- (Dungan)
  - Cyrillic and Wiktionary: шыдэ (šɨde, III-III)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʂʐ̩⁴⁴ tɛ⁴⁴/
  (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: si⁴ doi⁶
  - Yale: sìh doih
  - Cantonese Pinyin: si⁴ doi⁶
  - Guangdong Romanization: xi⁴ doi⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /siː²¹ tɔːi̯²²/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
  - Wiktionary: si³ oi⁵
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /si²² ᵘɔi³²/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: sṳ̀-thoi
  - Hakka Romanization System: sii^ˇ toi
  - Hagfa Pinyim: si² toi⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /sɨ¹¹ tʰoi̯⁵⁵/
- (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
  - Hakka Romanization System: shi toi^˖
  - Sinological IPA: /ʃi⁵⁵ tʰoi³³/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: sṳ̀-dâi / sì-dâi
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /sy⁵³⁻²¹ ^(t-)lɑi²⁴²/, /si⁵³⁻²¹ ^(t-)lɑi²⁴²/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sî-tāi
  - Tâi-lô: sî-tāi
  - Phofsit Daibuun: si'dai
  - IPA (Xiamen): /si²⁴⁻²² tai²²/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /si²⁴⁻²² tai⁴¹/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /si¹³⁻²² tai²²/
  - IPA (Taipei): /si²⁴⁻¹¹ tai³³/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /si²³⁻³³ tai³³/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: si⁵ do⁷
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: sî tō
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /si⁵⁵⁻¹¹ to¹¹/
Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai)
  - Wugniu: ⁶zy-de₆
  - MiniDict: zy^去 de^去
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ³zr-de₃
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /zz̩²² de⁴⁴/

Middle Chinese: dzyi dojH

Rime
Character	時	代
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	常 (25)	定 (7)
Final (韻)	之 (19)	咍 (41)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	I
Fanqie	市之切	徒耐切
Baxter	dzyi	dojH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/d͡ʑɨ/	/dʌi^H/
Pan Wuyun	/d͡ʑɨ/	/dəi^H/
Shao Rongfen	/d͡ʑie/	/dɒi^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/d͡ʑɨ/	/dəj^H/
Li Rong	/ʑiə/	/dᴀi^H/
Wang Li	/ʑĭə/	/dɒi^H/
Bernhard Karlgren	/ʑi/	/dʱɑ̆i^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	chí	dài
Expected Cantonese Reflex	si⁴	doi⁶

Noun

時代

times; age; epoch; era; period of time (in history)
大眾旅遊時代／大众旅游时代 ― dàzhòng lǚyóu shídài ― age of mass tourism

一個時代的產物／一个时代的产物 ― yīge shídài de chǎnwù ― a product of an era

時代氣息／时代气息 ― shídài qìxī ― spirit of the times

禮樂時代／礼乐时代 ― lǐyuè shídài ― age of rites and music (i.e. the Zhou dynasty, especially Western Zhou)

傳說時代／传说时代 ― chuánshuō shídài ― legendary period

浮躁的時代／浮躁的时代 ― fúzào de shídài ― restless times

落後於時代／落后于时代 ― luòhòu yú shídài ― to be behind the times

屬於同一個時代／属于同一个时代 ― shǔyú tóngyīge shídài ― to belong to the same period

這是一個看臉的時代。 [MSC, trad.]
这是一个看脸的时代。 [MSC, simp.]
Zhè shì yīge kànliǎn de shídài. [Pinyin]
This is a face-judging era.

我們一定要緊緊地跟上這個時代的步伐。 [MSC, trad.]
我们一定要紧紧地跟上这个时代的步伐。 [MSC, simp.]
Wǒmen yīdìng yào jǐnjǐn de gēnshàng zhège shídài de bùfá. [Pinyin]
We must keep up with the pace of this era.
- 好時代、朝野多歡，遍九陌，太平簫鼓。 [Ci, trad.]
  好时代、朝野多欢，遍九陌，太平箫鼓。 [Ci, simp.]
  From: Song Dynasty, 萬俟詠, 《三臺·清明應制》
  Hǎo shídài, cháoyě duō huān, biàn jiǔ mò, tàipíng xiāogǔ. [Pinyin]
  (please add an English translation of this usage example)
- 繼往開來的領路人 / 帶領我們走進那新時代 / 高舉旗幟開創未來 [MSC, trad.]
  继往开来的领路人 / 带领我们走进那新时代 / 高举旗帜开创未来 [MSC, simp.]
  From: 1997, 蒋开儒 (lyrics), 印青 (music), 《走进新时代》
  jìwǎngkāilái de lǐnglùrén / dàilǐng wǒmen zǒujìn nà xīn shídài / gāojǔ qízhì kāichuàng wèilái [Pinyin]
  (please add an English translation of this usage example)
period of time in one's life
少年時代／少年时代 ― shàonián shídài ― early youth

學生時代／学生时代 ― xuéshēng shídài ― student days

Synonyms

(times):

edit

世 (shì) (literary, or in compounds)
世代 (shìdài) (literary)
光陰／光阴 (Dungan)
年代 (niándài)
年候兒／年候儿 (niánhour) (Beijing Mandarin)
年歲／年岁 (niánsuì)
年華／年华 (niánhuá)
時期／时期 (shíqī)
朝代 (cháodài)
歲月／岁月 (suìyuè)

Derived terms

信息時代／信息时代 (xìnxī shídài)
劃時代／划时代 (huàshídài)
史前時代／史前时代 (shǐqián shídài)
戰國時代／战国时代 (Zhànguó Shídài)
啟蒙時代／启蒙时代 (Qǐméng Shídài)
新時代／新时代 (xīnshídài)
新石器時代／新石器时代 (Xīnshíqì Shídài)
時代精神／时代精神 (shídài jīngshén)
石器時代／石器时代 (Shíqì Shídài)
西部時代／西部时代 (Xībù Shídài)
黃金時代／黄金时代 (huángjīn shídài)

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (時代):

→ Japanese: 時(じ)代(だい) (jidai)
→ Korean: 시대(時代) (sidae)
→ Vietnamese: thời đại (時代)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
時	代
じ Grade: 2	だい Grade: 3
on'yomi

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) じだい [jìdáí] (Heiban – [0])^[1]^[2]
IPA^(key): [d͡ʑida̠i]

Noun

時(じ)代(だい) • (jidai)

age, era, period (of time)
- 1907, 夏目漱石, 野分:
  徳川政府(とくがわせいふ)の時代(じだい)じゃあるまいし」と云(い)った。
  Tokugawa seifu no jidai ja aru mai shi” to itta.
  "This isn't the Tokugawa era, after all" he said.
the times, spirit of the age
- 1909, 夏目漱石, 永日小品:
  これも時代(じだい)のせいだろう。
  Kore mo jidai no sei darō.
  It's another example of the times we live in.
antiquity
a time in one's life, one's days (in college etc.)
- 1908, 夏目漱石, 坑夫:
  青年(せいねん)は情(じょう)の時代(じだい)だ。
  Seinen wa jō no jidai da.
  Youth is a passionate time in one's life.

Synonyms

(the times): 時(じ)勢(せい) (jisei)

Derived terms

Compounds containing 時代

時代劇 (jidaigeki): historical play, period drama
時代祭 (jidaimatsuri): Festival of the Ages
時代色 (jidaishoku): characteristics of an age
時代相 (jidaisō): phases of the age
時代物 (jidaimono): antiques, period dramas
時代の弊 (jidai no hei): abuses of the times
時代遅れ, 時代後れ (jidaiokure): old-fashioned, behind the times
時代離れ (jidaibanare): not up with the times
時代がかる, 時代掛かる, 時代掛る (jidaigakaru): be antique-looking
時代感覚 (jidai kankaku): sensitivity to the times
時代考証 (jidai kōshō): background research
時代錯誤 (jidai sakugo): anachronism
時代思潮 (jidai shichō): thought of the times
時代小説 (jidai shōsetsu): historical novel
時代精神 (jidai seishin): spirit of the age, zeitgeist
時代と共に歩む (jidai to tomo ni ayumu): move along with the times
大時代 (ōjidai): old-fashioned, antiquated
漢時代 (kanjidai): Han dynasty
現時代 (genjidai): the present era
新時代 (shinjidai): new period, new age
朝時代 (chōjidai): the era of the … dynasty
同時代 (dōjidai): the same age, same period
劃時代的 (kakujidaiteki): epoch-making
前時代的な (zenjidaiteki na): pre-modern, old-fashioned
アマルナ時代 (amaruna jidai): Amarna period
バブル時代 (baburu jidai): bubble era
栄えた時代 (sakaeta jidai): prosperous age
古き良き時代 (furukiyoki jidai): the good old days, halcyon days
足利時代 (ashikaga jidai): Ashikaga period
飛鳥時代 (asuka jidai): Asuka period
安土時代 (azuchi jidai): Azuchi period
暗黒時代 (ankoku jidai): Dark Ages
江戸時代 (edo jidai): Edo period
黄金時代 (ōgon jidai): Golden Age
王朝時代 (ōchō jidai): Dynastic period
鎌倉時代 (kamakura jidai): Kamakura period
学生時代 (gakusei jidai): student days
旧幕時代 (kyūbaku jidai): the shogunate period
桂園時代 (keien jidai): Keien period
原子時代 (genshi jidai): atomic age
原始時代 (genshi jidai): primitive times
原史時代 (genshijidai): protohistory
源平時代 (genpei jidai): Genpei period
高校時代 (kōkō jidai): one's high school days
古典時代 (koten jidai): the classical period
古墳時代 (kofun jidai): Tumulus period
三国時代 (sangoku jidai): Three Kingdoms period
春秋時代 (junjū jidai): Spring and Autumn period
昭和時代 (shōwa jidai): Showa period
織豊時代 (shokuhō jidai): Shokuho period
貞観時代 (jōgan jidai): Jōgan period
縄文時代 (jōmon jidai): the Jōmon period
推古時代 (suiko jidai): Suiko period
青春時代 (seishun jidai): one's youth, one's youthful days
青銅時代 (seidō jidai): Bronze Age
青年時代 (seinen jidai): youth, one's younger days
石器時代 (sekki jidai): Stone Age
戦国時代 (sengoku jidai): Warring States period
先史時代 (senshi jidai): prehistoric era
前史時代 (zenshi jidai): prehistoric period
全盛時代 (zensei jidai): golden age
大正時代 (taishō jidai): Taishō period
田沼時代 (tanuma jidai): Tanuma period
地質時代 (chishitsu jidai): geological age
鉄器時代 (tekki jidai): Iron Age
天平時代 (tenpyō jidai): Tenpyō period
徳川時代 (tokugawa jidai): Tokugawa period
銅器時代 (dōki jidai): Copper Age
奈良時代 (nara jidai): Nara period
日帝時代 (nittei jidai): era of Japanese imperialism
白鳳時代 (hakuhō jidai): Hakuhō period
発見時代 (hakken jidai): Age of Discovery
東山時代 (higashiyama jidai): Higashiyama period
氷河時代 (hyōga jidai): ice age, glacial period
不遇時代 (fugū jidai): one's dark days
藤原時代 (fujiwara jidai): Fujiwara period
武家時代 (buke jidai): Feudal period
平安時代 (heian jidai): Heian period
平成時代 (heisei jidai): Heisei period
封建時代 (hōken jidai): feudal era, feudal times
飽食時代 (hōshoku jidai): current era of excessive eating
室町時代 (muromachi jidai): Muromachi period
明治時代 (meiji jidai): Meiji period
桃山時代 (momoyama jidai): Momoyama period
大和時代 (yamato jidai): Yamato period
弥生時代 (yayoi jidai): Yayoi period
幼年時代 (yōnen jidai): childhood
吉野時代 (yoshino jidai): Yoshino period
律令時代 (ritsutyō jidai): Ritsuryō period
冷戦時代 (reisen jidai): cold war era
歴史時代 (rekishi jidai): historical times
栃若時代 (tochiwaka jidai): sumo era during the 1950s
柏鵬時代 (hokuhō jidai): sumo era during 1960s
北玉時代 (kitatama jidai): sumo era at the turn of 1960s into 70s
輪湖時代 (rinko jidai): sumo era during mid-1970s
貴輪時代 (kirin jidai): sumo era at the end of 1970s
曙貴時代 (aketaka jidai): sumo era during mid-1990s
江戸時代文学 (edo jidai bungaku): Edo-period literature
いつの時代も (itsu no jidai mo): in all ages, over the ages
いつの時代にも (itsu no jidai ni mo): in all ages, over the ages
先カンブリア時代 (senkanburia jidai): Precambrian era
先縄文時代 (senjōmon jidai): pre-Jomon period
先土器時代 (sendoki jidai): preceramic period
大御所時代 (ōgosho jidai): Ogosho period
旧石器時代 (kyūsekki jidai): old stone age, paleolithic
中石器時代 (chūsekki jidai): Mesolithic
新石器時代 (shinsekki jidai): new stone age, neolithic
金属器時代 (kinzokuki jidai): Metal Age
原子力時代 (genshiryoku jidai): atomic age
植民地時代 (shokuminchi jidai): colonial period
青銅器時代 (seidōki jidai): Bronze Age
大空位時代 (daikūi jidai): Great Interregnum
大航海時代 (daikōkai jidai): Age of Discovery
南北朝時代 (nanbokuchō jidai): period of the northern and southern dynasties
常陸梅時代 (hitachiume jidai): sumo era during early 1900s
無土器時代 (mudoki jidai): preceramic period
吉野朝時代 (yoshino chōjidai): Yoshino period
バブル経済時代 (baburu keizai jidai): bubble economy era
正統カリフ時代 (seitō karifu jidai): Rashidun period
亜旧石器時代 (akyūsekki jidai): Epipaleolithic
安土桃山時代 (azuchi momoyama jidai): Azuchi-Momoyama period
金石併用時代 (kinseki heiyō jidai): Chalcolithic period
高度成長時代 (kōdo seichō jidai): high-growth era
弘仁貞観時代 (kōnin jōgan jidai): Kōnin-Jōgan period
大学全入時代 (daigaku-zen'nyū jidai): era of declining enrollment
文化文政時代 (bunka bunsei jidai): Bunka-Bunsei period
魏晋南北朝時代 (gishin nanboku chōjidai): Wei, Jin, Southern, Northern Dynasties period

References

^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

2002, Ineko Kondō; Fumi Takano; Mary E Althaus; et. al., Shogakukan Progressive Japanese-English Dictionary, Third Edition, Tokyo: Shōgakukan, →ISBN.

Korean

Hanja in this term
時	代

Noun

時代 • (sidae) (hangeul 시대)

hanja form^? of 시대 (“age, era, period (of time)”)

Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term
時	代

Noun

時代

chữ Hán form of thời đại (“age, era, period (of time)”).

[NHK-1] NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

[DJR-2] Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[1]

[2]