羸

羸 U+7FB8, 羸 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7FB8 ← 羷 [U+7FB7] CJK Unified Ideographs 羹 → [U+7FB9]

Translingual

Han character

羸 (Kangxi radical 123, 羊+13, 19 strokes, cangjie input 卜弓廿手 (YNTQ), four-corner 0021₇, composition ⿱吂⿲月羊凡)

1. weak, lean, emaciated, exhausted

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 954, character 24
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 28583
• Dae Jaweon: page 1399, character 18
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 2122, character 19
• Unihan data for U+7FB8

Chinese

trad.		羸
simp. #		羸

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 羸
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (蠃) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
驘	*roːl
鸁	*roːl
蠃	*roːl, *roːlʔ
臝	*roːlʔ
羸	*rol

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): léi (lei²)

  (Zhuyin): ㄌㄟˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): leoi⁴

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: léi
    • Zhuyin: ㄌㄟˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: léi
    • Wade–Giles: lei²
    • Yale: léi
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: lei
    • Palladius: лэй (lɛj)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /leɪ̯³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: leoi⁴
    • Yale: lèuih
    • Cantonese Pinyin: loey⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: lêu⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /lɵy̯²¹/

---

• Middle Chinese: ljwe

Rime
Character	羸
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	來 (37)
Final (韻)	支 (12)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	力爲切
Baxter	ljwe
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/liuᴇ/
Pan Wuyun	/lʷiɛ/
Shao Rongfen	/ljuɛ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/lwiə̆/
Li Rong	/liue/
Wang Li	/lǐwe/
Bernhard Karlgren	/lwie̯/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	léi
Expected Cantonese Reflex	leoi4

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*[r]o[j]/

  (Zhengzhang): /*rol/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	羸	羸
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	léi	léi
Middle Chinese	‹ ljwe ›	‹ ljwe ›
Old Chinese	/*[r]o[j]/	/*[r]o[j]/
English	emaciated; weak	entangle
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	羸
Reading #	1/1
No.	8693
Phonetic component	蠃
Rime group	歌
Rime subdivision	3
Corresponding MC rime	羸
Old Chinese	/*rol/

Definitions

羸

1. (literary) in a weak or exhausted state

Compounds

• 孱羸
• 尪羸
• 弊車羸馬／弊车羸马
• 羸兵
• 羸劣
• 羸師／羸师
• 羸弱 (léiruò)
• 羸瘦
• 羸瘠
• 羸瘵
• 羸露
• 羸頓／羸顿
• 老羸

 

Japanese

Kanji

羸

(Hyōgai kanji)

1. to grow haggard; to get thin
2. weak; frail

Readings

• Go-on: るい (rui)^{←るい (rui, historical)}
• Kan-on: るい (rui)^{←るい (rui, historical)}
• Kun: つかれる (tsukareru, 羸れる)、よわい (yowai, 羸い)

Compounds

• 羸(るい)弱(じゃく) (ruijaku)
• 羸(るい)痩(そう) (ruisō)
• 羸(るい)馬(ば) (ruiba)
• 羸(るい)憊(はい) (ruihai)
• 痩(そう)羸(るい) (sōrui)
• 憊(はい)羸(るい) (hairui)
• 病(びょう)羸(るい) (byōrui)

 

Korean

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 羸 (MC ljwe).

Pronunciation

• (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [ɾi] ~ [i]
• Phonetic hangul: [리/이]

Hanja

Wikisource

羸 (eumhun 파리할 리 (parihal ri), word-initial (South Korea) 파리할 이 (parihal i))

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Compounds

• 이패 (羸敗, ipae)
• 이흑 (羸黑, iheuk)
• 강리 (強羸, gangni)
• 고리 (枯羸, gori)
• 노리 (老羸, nori)
• 동리 (疼羸, dongni)
• 모수력리 (貌瘦力羸, mosuryeongni)

 

References

• Naver Hanja Dictionary: 羸