雪

See also: 䨮 and 𩁿

雪 U+96EA, 雪 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-96EA ← 雩 [U+96E9] CJK Unified Ideographs 雫 → [U+96EB]

Translingual

Stroke order

Han character

雪 (Kangxi radical 173, 雨+3, 11 strokes, cangjie input 一月尸一 (MBSM), four-corner 1017₇ or 1017₄, composition ⿱⻗𫜹(GJ) or ⿱⻗⺕(HTK))

Derived characters

• 𠽌, 𡐅, 𡠭, 𢳬, 膤, 樰, 𬎅, 𫟀, 𫃽, 艝, 轌, 鱈(鳕), 𠞯, 𫕣, 𬝹, 𤍱

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 1371, character 29
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 42216
• Dae Jaweon: page 1878, character 7
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 4058, character 4
• Unihan data for U+96EA

Chinese

trad.		雪
simp. #		雪
2nd round simp.		𫜹
alternative forms		䨮 ancient ⿱⻗慧

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 雪
Shang	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (彗) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
櫘	*sqʰʷeds
彗	*sɢʷeds, *ɢʷeds, *sɢʷids
篲	*sɢʷeds
鏏	*sɢʷeds
槥	*sɢʷeds, *ɢʷeds
轊	*sɢʷeds, *ɢʷeds
熭	*ɢʷeds, *ɢʷad
嘒	*qʰʷeːds
暳	*qʰʷeːds
嚖	*qʰʷeds
慧	*ɡʷeːds
蔧	*sɢʷids
雪	*sqʰʷed

Ancient simplification of 䨮, which is in turn phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *sqʰʷed) : semantic 雨 + phonetic 彗 (OC *sɢʷeds, *ɢʷeds, *sɢʷids).

Etymology

Schuessler (2007) considers this to be related to Kra-Dai words: Proto-Tai *hnəiᴬ¹ (“snow”), Proto-Kam-Sui *ʔnuːi¹ (“snow”).

Starostin reconstructs Proto-Sino-Tibetan *suăt (“snow”), comparing this with Tibetan སད (sad, “frost, cold air, cold, coldness”), but this connection may be unlikely considering the phonetic part of this character.

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Standard)

  (Pinyin): xuě, xuè

  (Zhuyin): ㄒㄩㄝˇ, ㄒㄩㄝˋ

  (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): xue²

  (Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): щүә (xüə, I)

• Cantonese

  (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): syut³

  (Taishan, Wiktionary): lhut²

  (Yangjiang, Jyutping++): slit²

• Gan (Wiktionary): xyot⁶
• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): siet

  (Meixian, Guangdong): xiêd⁵

• Jin (Wiktionary): xyeh⁴
• Northern Min (KCR): sṳĕ
• Eastern Min (BUC): siók
• Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): soe⁵ / soeh⁶ / syeh⁶
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): seh / serh / soat

  (Teochew, Peng'im): soh⁴

  (Leizhou, Leizhou Pinyin): soi⁷ / seg⁴

• Wu (Northern, Wugniu): ⁷shiq / ⁷siq
• Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): sie⁶

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland and Taiwan)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: xuě
    • Zhuyin: ㄒㄩㄝˇ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: syuě
    • Wade–Giles: hsüeh³
    • Yale: sywě
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: sheue
    • Palladius: сюэ (sjue)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕy̯ɛ²¹⁴/
      
  • (Standard Chinese, variant in Taiwan)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: xuè
    • Zhuyin: ㄒㄩㄝˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: syuè
    • Wade–Giles: hsüeh⁴
    • Yale: sywè
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shiueh
    • Palladius: сюэ (sjue)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕy̯ɛ⁵¹/
  • (Chengdu)
    • Sichuanese Pinyin: xue²
    • Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: xye
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕye²¹/
  • (Dungan)
    • Cyrillic and Wiktionary: щүә (xüə, I)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕyə²⁴/

    (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)

• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: syut³
    • Yale: syut
    • Cantonese Pinyin: syt⁸
    • Guangdong Romanization: xud³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /syːt̚³/
  • (Taishanese, Taicheng)
    • Wiktionary: lhut²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɬut̚⁵⁵/
  • (Yangjiang Yue, Jiangcheng)
    • Jyutping++: slit²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɬit̚²¹/
• Gan
  • (Nanchang)
    • Wiktionary: xyot⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕyɵt̚⁵/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: siet
    • Hakka Romanization System: xied^ˋ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: xiad⁵
    • Sinological IPA: /si̯et̚²/
  • (Meixian)
    • Guangdong: xiêd⁵
    • Sinological IPA: /siɛt̚¹/
• Jin
  • (Taiyuan)⁺
    • Wiktionary: xyeh⁴
    • Sinological IPA (old-style): /ɕyəʔ²/
• Northern Min
  • (Jian'ou)
    • Kienning Colloquial Romanized: sṳĕ
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /syɛ²⁴/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: siók
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /suɔʔ²⁴/
• Puxian Min
  • (Putian, Xianyou)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: soe⁵
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɬø²¹/
  • (Putian)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: soeh⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɬœʔ¹/
  • (Xianyou)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: syeh⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɬyøʔ²/

Note:

• soe5 - vernacular;
• soeh6/syeh6 - literary.

• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, Taipei, Kaohsiung, Tainan, Yilan, Magong, Hsinchu, Taichung, Singapore)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: seh
    • Tâi-lô: seh
    • Phofsit Daibuun: seq
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung, Tainan, Singapore): /seʔ³²/
    • IPA (Yilan): /seʔ²/
    • IPA (Jinjiang): /seʔ⁵/
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Lukang, Sanxia, Kinmen, Hsinchu, Singapore)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: serh
    • Tâi-lô: serh
    • IPA (Quanzhou, Lukang): /səʔ⁵/
    • IPA (Kinmen, Singapore): /səʔ³²/
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: soat
    • Tâi-lô: suat
    • Phofsit Daibuun: soad
    • IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang): /suat̚⁵/
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /suat̚³²/

Note:

• serh/seh - vernacular;
• soat - literary.

• (Teochew)
  • Peng'im: soh⁴
  • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: soh
  • Sinological IPA ^(key): /soʔ²/
• (Leizhou)
  • Leizhou Pinyin: soi⁷ / seg⁴
  • Sinological IPA: /sɔi⁵⁵/, /sek̚⁵/

Note:

• soi7 - vernacular;
• seg4 - literary.

• Wu
  • (Northern: Shanghai)
    • Wugniu: ⁷shiq
    • MiniDict: shih^入
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ⁴xiq
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /ɕiɪʔ⁵⁵/
  • (Northern: Suzhou)
    • Wugniu: ⁷siq
    • MiniDict: sih^入
    • Sinological IPA (Suzhou): /siɪʔ⁴³/
• Xiang
  • (Changsha)
    • Wiktionary: sie⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key) (old-style): /si̯e̞²⁴/
    • Sinological IPA ^(key) (new-style): /ɕi̯e̞²⁴/

---

• Middle Chinese: sjwet

Rime
Character	雪
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	心 (16)
Final (韻)	薛 (82)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	相絕切
Baxter	sjwet
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/siuᴇt̚/
Pan Wuyun	/sʷiɛt̚/
Shao Rongfen	/sjuæt̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/swiat̚/
Li Rong	/siuɛt̚/
Wang Li	/sĭuɛt̚/
Bernhard Karlgren	/si̯wɛt̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	xue
Expected Cantonese Reflex	syut3

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*[s]ot/

  (Zhengzhang): /*sqʰʷed/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	雪
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	xuě
Middle Chinese	‹ sjwet ›
Old Chinese	/*[s]ot/
English	snow
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	雪
Reading #	1/1
No.	5477
Phonetic component	彗
Rime group	月
Rime subdivision	2
Corresponding MC rime	雪
Old Chinese	/*sqʰʷed/

Definitions

雪

1. snow

   下雪  ―  xiàxuě  ―  to snow

2. ^† to snow

   • 晚來天欲雪，能飲一杯無？ [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     晚来天欲雪，能饮一杯无？ [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: 白居易《問劉十九》

     Wǎn lái tiān yù xuě, néng yǐn yī bēi wú? [Pinyin]

     Night comes and the sky seems like it might snow; could you drink a cup?

3. to wipe away; to clean

   • 朝食後，告辭天只前，則教「以好赴，大雪國辱。」 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     朝食后，告辞天只前，则教「以好赴，大雪国辱。」 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: 1594, 李舜臣 (Yi Sun-sin), 《亂中日記》 (War Diary of Admiral Yi)

     Zhāoshí hòu, gàocí tiānzhǐ qián, zé jiào “yǐ hǎo fù, dà xuě guó rǔ.” [Pinyin]

     After the morning meal, I said my farewells to Mother. Then she instructed me: "Go well; fully cleanse [the country of this] national humiliation."

4. (dialectal) ice; product containing ice
5. (Cantonese) to refrigerate; to store in the refrigerator
6. (Cantonese, figuratively) to set aside; to shelve
7. (Malaysia, Singapore) Short for 雪蘭莪／雪兰莪 (Xuělán'é, “Selangor”).
8. a surname: Xue

Synonyms

• (snow):

Dialectal synonyms of 雪 (“snow”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Classical Chinese		雪
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		雪
Northeastern Mandarin	Beijing	雪
	Taiwan	雪
Jilu Mandarin	Jinan	雪
Central Plains Mandarin	Xi'an	雪
Southwestern Mandarin	Chengdu	雪
	Wuhan	雪
	Guilin	雪
Jianghuai Mandarin	Yangzhou	雪
	Hefei	雪
Cantonese	Guangzhou	雪
	Hong Kong	雪
	Yangjiang	雪
	Sanya (Yanglan Maihua)	雪
Gan	Nanchang	雪
Hakka	Meixian	雪
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	雪
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	雪
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	雪
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	雪
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	雪
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	雪
Jin	Taiyuan	雪
Northern Min	Jian'ou	雪
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	雪
Southern Min	Xiamen	雪
	Guilin (Biyange)	雪
	Chaozhou	雪
	Shantou	雪
	Jieyang	雪
	Pontianak (Teochew)	雪
Xiang	Changsha	雪
	Shuangfeng	雪

• (to snow):

Dialectal synonyms of 下雪 (“to snow”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Classical Chinese		雨雪, 雪
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		下雪, 降雪
Northeastern Mandarin	Beijing	下雪
	Taiwan	下雪
	Ulanhot	下雪
	Tongliao	下雪
	Chifeng	下雪
	Hulunbuir (Hailar)	下雪
	Harbin	下雪
	Shenyang	下雪
	Singapore	下雪
Jilu Mandarin	Tianjin	下雪
	Tangshan	下雪, 落雪
	Cangzhou	下雪
	Xianxian (Xiaoying)	下雪
	Shijiazhuang	下雪
	Jinan	下雪, 落雪
Jiaoliao Mandarin	Yantai (Muping)	下雪
	Qingdao	下雪
Central Plains Mandarin	Luoyang	下雪, 落雪
	Wanrong	下雪
	Zhengzhou	下雪
	Xi'an	下雪
	Xining	下雪
	Xuzhou	下雪
	Qimen (Anling Junhua)	落雪, 下雪
	Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan)	下雪
Lanyin Mandarin	Yinchuan	下雪
	Bayanhot	下雪, 飄雪
	Lanzhou	下雪
	Ürümqi	下雪
Southwestern Mandarin	Chengdu	下雪, 落雪
	Chongqing	落雪
	Wuhan	下雪, 落雪
	Guiyang	下雪
	Kunming	下雪
	Guilin	下雪
	Guilin (Lingui)	下雪
	Liuzhou	下雪
	Liuzhou (Luorong)	下雪
	Dagudi (Maliba)	下雪
	Reshuitang (Longling)	下雪
	Mae Salong (Lancang)	下雪
	Mae Sai (Tengchong)	下雪
	Oudomxay	下雪
Jianghuai Mandarin	Nanjing	下雪
	Yangzhou	下雪
	Nantong	落雪
	Hefei	下雪
	Huanggang	落雪
Cantonese	Guangzhou	落雪
	Hong Kong	落雪
	Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou)	降雪
	Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou)	落雪
	Hong Kong (Ting Kok)	落雪
	Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau)	落雪
	Macau	落雪
	Guangzhou (Panyu)	落雪
	Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu)	落雪
	Guangzhou (Conghua)	落雪
	Guangzhou (Zengcheng)	落雪
	Foshan	落雪
	Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai)	落雪
	Foshan (Shunde)	落雪
	Foshan (Sanshui)	落雪
	Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming)	落雪
	Zhongshan (Shiqi)	落雪
	Zhongshan (Chongkoumen, Nanlang; Tanka)	落雪
	Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou)	落雪
	Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka)	落雪
	Zhuhai (Doumen)	落雪
	Jiangmen (Baisha)	落雪
	Jiangmen (Xinhui)	落雪
	Taishan	落雪
	Taishan (Guanghai)	下雪, 落雪
	Kaiping (Chikan)	落雪
	Enping (Niujiang)	落雪
	Heshan (Yayao)	落雪
	Dongguan	落雪
	Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an)	落雪
	Shaoguan	落雪
	Yunfu	落雪
	Yangjiang	落雪
	Xinyi	落雪
	Lianjiang	落雪
	Nanning	落雪
	Guiping	落雪
	Mengshan (Xihe)	落雪
	Guigang (Nanjiang)	落雪
	Beiliu	落雪
	Beiliu (Tangliao)	落雪
	Baise	落雪
	Bobai	落雪
	Lingshan	落雪
	Pubei	落雪
	Qinzhou	落雪
	Beihai	落雪
	Ningming	落雪
	Hengzhou	落雪
	Hezhou (Pumen, Babu)	落雪
	Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)	落雪
	Sarikei (Xinhui)	落雪
	Singapore (Guangfu)	落雪
	Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu)	落雪
	Mandalay (Taishan)	下雪
Gan	Nanchang	落雪
	Poyang	落雪
	Yugan	落雪
	Wannian	落雪
	Yiyang, Jiangxi	落雪
	Hengfeng	落雪
	Yanshan	落雪
	Lichuan	落雪
	Pingxiang	落雪
Hakka	Meixian	落雪
	Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua)	落雪
	Dongguan (Qingxi)	落雪
	Shenzhen (Shatoujiao)	落雪
	Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui)	落雪
	Wuhua (Shuizhai)	落雪
	Wuhua (Huacheng)	落雪
	Wuhua (Changbu)	落雪
	Wuhua (Mianyang)	落雪
	Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua)	落雪
	Jiexi	落雪
	Luhe	落雪
	Liancheng (Peitian)	落雪
	Yudu	落雪
	Shicheng	落雪
	Shangyou (Shexi)	落雪
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	落雪
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	落雪
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	落雪
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	落雪
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	落雪
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	落雪
	Hong Kong	落雪
	Beiliu (Tang'an)	落雪
	Xingye (Gaofeng)	落雪
	Mashan (Pianlian)	落雪
	Sabah (Longchuan)	落雪
	Senai (Huiyang)	落雪
	Singkawang	落雪
	Bangkok (Meixian)	落雪
Huizhou	Jixi	落雪
	Shexian	落雪
	Huangshan (Tunxi)	落雪
	Xiuning	落雪
	Yixian	落雪
	Qimen	落雪
	Qimen (Anling Minhua)	落雪
	Wuyuan	落雪
	Dexing	落雪
Jin	Taiyuan	下雪
	Pingyao	下雪
	Datong	下雪
	Datong (Xicetian, Yunzhou)	下雪
	Xinzhou	下雪
	Changzhi	下雪
	Taibus (Baochang)	下雪
	Linhe	下雪
	Jining	下雪
	Hohhot	下雪
	Baotou	下雪
	Dongsheng	下雪
	Haibowan	下雪
	Zhangjiakou	下雪
	Handan	下雪
Northern Min	Jian'ou	落雪
	Jian'ou (Dikou)	落雪
	Zhenghe (Zhenqian)	落雪
	Pucheng (Shibei)	落雪
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	盪雪, 落雪
	Fuqing	落雪
	Matsu	落雪
Southern Min	Xiamen	落雪
	Quanzhou	落雪
	Zhangzhou	落雪
	Taipei	落雪 GT
	Penang (Hokkien)	落霜
	Singapore (Hokkien)	落雪
	Manila (Hokkien)	落雪
	Pingnan (Shangdu)	落雪
	Guilin (Biyange)	落雪
	Chaozhou	落雪
	Shantou	落雪
	Shantou (Chenghai)	落雪
	Jieyang	落雪
	Johor Bahru (Teochew)	落雪
	Singapore (Teochew)	落雪
	Pontianak (Teochew)	落雪
	Leizhou	落雪
	Haikou	落雪
Shaojiang Min	Shaowu	落雪
Zhongshan Min	Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi)	落雪
Southern Pinghua	Nanning (Tingzi)	落雪
	Nanning (Shajing)	落雪
	Binyang (Xinqiao)	落雪
Northern Pinghua	Guilin (Chaoyang)	落雪
	Guilin (Zhuyuan)	下雪
	Guilin (Wutong, Lingui)	下雪, 落雪
	Lingchuan (Tanxia)	下雪
	Yangshuo (Jima)	下雪
Wu	Shanghai	落雪
	Shanghai (Chongming)	落雪
	Suzhou	落雪
	Danyang	落雪
	Hangzhou	落雪
	Ningbo	落雪
	Wenzhou	落雪
	Jinhua	落雪
	Shangrao	落雪
	Shangrao (Guangfeng)	落雪
	Yushan	落雪
Xiang	Changsha	落雪
	Xiangtan	落雪
	Loudi	落雪
	Shuangfeng	落雪
	Quanzhou	落雪
	Guanyang (Wenshi)	落雪
	Qinglong (Changliu Laba Miao)	落雪
Note	GT - General Taiwanese (no specific region identified)

• (to wipe away): 洗刷 (xǐshuā)
• (ice):

Dialectal synonyms of 冰 (“ice”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Classical Chinese		冰, 凌
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		冰
Northeastern Mandarin	Beijing	冰
	Taiwan	冰
	Chifeng	冰, 冰冰
	Hulunbuir (Hailar)	冰
	Harbin	冰
	Wuchang (Yingchengzi)	冰
	Shenyang	冰, 凍
	Singapore	冰
	Olginsky (Mikhaylovka)	冰
Jilu Mandarin	Tianjin	冰
	Tangshan	冰
	Cangzhou	冰
	Xianxian (Xiaoying)	凌
	Baoding	冰
	Shijiazhuang	冰
	Weifang (Weicheng)	凍凍
	Weifang (Fangzi)	凍凍
	Changle	凍凍
	Shouguang	凍凍
	Rizhao	凍凍
	Wulian	凍凍
	Jinan	冰, 凍凍
Jiaoliao Mandarin	Yantai (Muping)	冰
	Qingdao	冰
	Weifang (Hanting)	凍凍
	Changyi	凍凍
	Gaomi	凍凍
	Zhucheng	凍凍
	Anqiu	凍凍
	Linqu	凍凍
	Qingzhou	凍凍
Central Plains Mandarin	Luoyang	冰, 冰凌
	Wanrong	冬凌
	Zhengzhou	冰
	Xi'an	冰
	Dingbian	冰
	Xining	冰
	Xuzhou	凍凍, 冰冰, 冰
	Qimen (Anling Junhua)	冰凍
Lanyin Mandarin	Yinchuan	冰
	Lanzhou	冰, 凍
	Ürümqi	冰
Southwestern Mandarin	Chengdu	冰, 凌冰, 凌冰兒
	Muli	凌冰子
	Chongqing	冰, 凌冰兒
	Wuhan	凌, 凌冰, 冰, 凍
	Guiyang	冰, 凌冰 in nature
	Kunming	冰凌
	Guilin	冰
	Pingle	冰
	Liuzhou	冰
	Luzhai	冰
	Nanning (Wuming)	冰
	Binyang (Nanjie)	冰
	Hechi (Yizhou)	冰
	Luocheng (Dongmen)	冰
	Tianlin (Langping)	凝
	Xiangzhou (Nalu)	冰
	Reshuitang (Longling)	冰
	Mae Salong (Lancang)	冰
	Mae Sai (Tengchong)	冰
	Oudomxay	冰棒
Jianghuai Mandarin	Nanjing	冰, 凍
	Yangzhou	冰
	Nantong	凍
	Hefei	冰凍, 冰
	Chuzhou	冰凍
	Hong'an	凌冰
Cantonese	Guangzhou	雪, 冰
	Hong Kong	冰, 雪
	Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou)	冰
	Hong Kong (Ting Kok)	冰
	Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau)	冰
	Zhongshan (Chongkoumen, Nanlang; Tanka)	冰, 雪
	Taishan	冰
	Taishan (Guanghai)	冰, 雪
	Dongguan	冰, 雪
	Yangjiang	冰
	Wuzhou	冰
	Yulin	冰
	Hepu (Lianzhou)	冰
	Hepu (Shatian)	冰
	Guiping (Jintian)	冰
	Guiping (Jiangkou)	冰
	Guiping (Madong)	冰
	Beiliu	冰
	Baise	冰
	Qinzhou	冰
	Qinzhou (Changtan)	冰
	Qinzhou (Xiniujiao)	冰
	Beihai	冰
	Beihai (Nankang)	冰
	Beihai (Yingpan)	冰
	Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô)	冰
	Beihai (Qiaogang - Cát Bà)	冰
	Fangchenggang (Fangcheng)	冰
	Chongzuo (Laituan)	冰, 霜 dated
	Fusui (Qujiu)	冰, 霜 dated
	Lingchuan (Yangjia)	冰
	Danzhou	冰
	Sanya (Yanglan Maihua)	冰
	Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)	冰
	Singapore (Guangfu)	冰
	Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu)	冰
	Móng Cái	冰
	Yangon (Taishan)	冰
	Mandalay (Taishan)	冰
Gan	Nanchang	冰, 冰凌
	Pengze	凌冰
	Yanshan	冰
	Lichuan	冰凌
	Pingxiang	冰, 凌冰 dated; in nature
Hakka	Meixian	凝, 冰
	Xingning	凝餅
	Huidong (Daling)	凝
	Dongguan (Qingxi)	冰
	Wuhua (Shuizhai)	冰
	Wuhua (Huacheng)	硬凝
	Wuhua (Changbu)	凝
	Wuhua (Mianyang)	冰
	Heyuan (Bendihua)	冰
	Wengyuan	冰
	Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang)	硬凝
	Liannan	冰
	Jiexi	冰
	Zhao'an (Xiuzhuan)	冰
	Changting	凌冰
	Wuping	凌冰
	Wuping (Yanqian)	凌冰
	Wuping (Pingyu)	硬凝
	Liancheng	凌冰
	Liancheng (Peitian)	凌冰
	Ninghua	凌冰
	Yudu	冰
	Ningdu	凌冰
	Ruijin	凌冰
	Shicheng	凌冰
	Shangyou (Shexi)	硬構
	Tonggu (Sandu)	凌冰
	Ganzhou (Panlong)	凌冰
	Dayu	凌冰
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	冰
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	冰
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	冰
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	冰
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	冰
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	冰
	Hong Kong	冰
	Yangxi (Tangkou)	冰
	Yangchun (Sanjia)	冰
	Xinyi (Sihe)	雪
	Xinyi (Qianpai)	冰
	Gaozhou (Xindong)	冰
	Maoming (Shalang, Dianbai)	冰
	Huazhou (Xin'an)	冰
	Lianjiang (Shijiao)	冰
	Lianjiang (Qingping)	冰
	Mengshan (Xihe)	冰
	Luchuan	冰
	Bobai (Shahe)	冰
	Bobai (Longtan)	冰
	Bobai (Lingping)	冰
	Beiliu (Gonghe, Xilang)	冰
	Xingye (Gaofeng)	冰
	Guilin (Xiaojiang, Lingui)	冰
	Pingle (Tong'an)	冰
	Yangshuo (Jinbao)	冰
	Senai (Huiyang)	冰
	Singkawang	雪
	Pontianak (Meixian)	雪
Huizhou	Jixi	冰, 凍冰
	Shexian (Xianggao)	冰
	Shexian (Daguyun)	冰, 凍冰
	Qimen (Anling Minhua)	冰凍
Jin	Taiyuan	冰, 冰凌
	Datong	冰
	Datong (Yunzhou)	冰
	Datong (Xicetian, Yunzhou)	冰凌
	Xinzhou	冬蠟
	Changzhi	冰凌
	Linhe	冰
	Jining	冰
	Hohhot	冰
	Handan	冰
Northern Min	Jian'ou	冰, 霜冰
	Pucheng (Shibei)	冰
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	冰
	Gutian	冰
Southern Min	Xiamen	冰, 霜
	Quanzhou	冰, 霜
	Zhangzhou	冰, 霜
	Tainan	冰
	Penang (Hokkien)	霜, 冰
	Singapore (Hokkien)	霜, 冰
	Manila (Hokkien)	霜
	Pingnan (Pingtian)	冰
	Guiping (Xiaowen)	冰
	Guiping (Dongsheng)	冰
	Guilin (Biyange)	冰
	Chaozhou	霜, 冰
	Shantou	冰
	Jieyang	冰
	Bangkok (Teochew)	霜水
	Phnom Penh (Teochew)	冰霜
	Johor Bahru (Teochew)	冰
	Singapore (Teochew)	霜
	Pontianak (Teochew)	冰
	Wenchang	冰
	Haikou	冰
Central Min	Yong'an	霜冰
Zhongshan Min	Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi)	冰
Southern Pinghua	Nanning (Tingzi)	冰
	Nanning (Gejiayuan)	冰
	Nanning (Zhegulu)	冰
	Nanning (Silian)	冰
	Nanning (Xiuxiang)	冰
	Binyang	冰
	Chongzuo (Laituan)	冰
Northern Pinghua	Guilin (Wutong, Lingui)	冰
	Guilin (Liutang, Lingui)	冰
	Lingchuan (Sanjie)	冰
	Lingchuan (Gaoqiao)	冰
	Guanyang (Guanyinge)	雪
Shehua	Fu'an	冰
	Fuding	冰
	Luoyuan	冰
	Sanming	冰
	Shunchang	冰
	Hua'an	冰
	Guixi (Zhangping)	冰
	Cangnan	冰
	Jingning (Hexi)	冰
	Lishui	冰
	Longyou	冰
	Chaozhou	冰
	Fengshun	雪
Waxiang	Guzhang (Gaofeng)	涼槓
	Luxi (Liangjiatan)	凝鉤子
Wu	Shanghai	冰
	Shanghai (Songjiang)	冰
	Shanghai (Zhoupu, Pudong)	冰
	Shanghai (Shuangcaodun, Baoshan)	冰
	Shanghai (Luodian, Baoshan)	冰
	Shanghai (Chongming)	冰
	Suzhou	冰
	Suzhou (Lili, Wujiang)	冰
	Suzhou (Shengze, Wujiang)	冰
	Wuxi	冰
	Changshu	冰, 冰凍
	Kunshan	冰
	Jiaxing	冰
	Changzhou	冰, 結冰
	Liyang	冰
	Yixing	冰
	Danyang	冰, 凍
	Danyang (Tongjiaqiao)	冰
	Jingjiang	冰
	Jiangyin	冰
	Huzhou (Shuanglin)	冰
	Hangzhou	冰
	Hangzhou (Fuyang)	冰
	Shaoxing	冰
	Zhuji (Wangjiajing)	冰凍
	Shengzhou (Chongren)	冰
	Shengzhou (Taiping)	冰
	Ningbo	冰
	Yuyao	冰
	Taizhou (Huangyan)	冰
	Wenzhou	冰, 霜冰 in nature
	Quzhou	冰
	Jinhua	冰
	Jinhua (Tangxi)	冰
	Yongkang	冰
Xiang	Changsha	凌, 凌冰 in nature
	Xiangxiang	冰
	Xiangxiang (Meiqiao)	凌構子
	Shuangfeng	構冷子
	Hengshan	冰
	Hengshan (Baiguo)	冰
	Qinglong (Changliu Laba Miao)	冰, 凌, 凌構

Compounds

• 一雪前恥／一雪前耻 (yīxuěqiánchǐ)
• 似雪
• 冰雪 (bīngxuě)
• 大雪 (dàxuě)
• 小雪 (xiǎoxuě)
• 昭雪 (zhāoxuě)
• 暴風雪／暴风雪 (bàofēngxuě)
• 沉冤昭雪 (chényuānzhāoxuě)
• 洗雪 (xǐxuě)
• 浣雪
• 湔雪 (jiānxuě)
• 湔雪前恥／湔雪前耻 (jiānxuěqiánchǐ)
• 滑雪 (huáxuě)
• 瑞雪 (ruìxuě)
• 申雪 (shēnxuě)
• 白雪 (báixuě)
• 積雪／积雪 (jīxuě)
• 紫雪 (zǐxuě)
• 聚螢映雪／聚萤映雪
• 融雪 (róngxuě)
• 踏雪
• 雪上加霜 (xuěshàngjiāshuāng)
• 雪中送炭 (xuězhōngsòngtàn)
• 雪亮 (xuěliàng)
• 雪人 (xuěrén)
• 雪冤 (xuěyuān)
• 雪原 (xuěyuán)
• 雪地 (xuědì)
• 雪城 (Xuěchéng)
• 雪域 (xuěyù)
• 雪堆 (xuěduī)
• 雪壓／雪压
• 雪字底 (xuězìdǐ)
• 雪山 (xuěshān)
• 雪山林
• 雪峰
• 雪崩 (xuěbēng)
• 雪恥／雪耻 (xuěchǐ)
• 雪恨 (xuěhèn)
• 雪文 (sap-bûn) (Min Nan)
• 雪晶 (xuějīng)
• 雪景 (xuějǐng)
• 雪暴 (xuěbào)
• 雪松 (xuěsōng)
• 雪板 (xuěbǎn)
• 雪梨 (xuělí)
• 雪條／雪条
• 雪梨酒
• 雪橇 (xuěqiāo)
• 雪櫃／雪柜 (xuěguì)
• 雪泥
• 雪災／雪灾 (xuězāi)
• 雪片 (xuěpiàn)
• 雪球 (xuěqiú)
• 雪白 (xuěbái)
• 雪盲 (xuěmáng)
• 雪碧 (Xuěbì)
• 雪窖冰天
• 雪糕 (xuěgāo)
• 雪紡／雪纺 (xuěfǎng, “chiffon”)
• 雪線／雪线 (xuěxiàn)
• 雪膽／雪胆 (xuědǎn)
• 雪花 (xuěhuā)
• 雪花膏 (xuěhuāgāo)
• 雪茄 (xuějiā)
• 雪蓮／雪莲 (xuělián)
• 雪蓮花／雪莲花
• 雪裡送炭／雪里送炭
• 雪裡開／雪里开
• 雪豹 (xuěbào)
• 雪貂 (xuědiāo)
• 雪路
• 雪車／雪车 (xuěchē)
• 雪里蕻 (xuělǐhóng)
• 雪野
• 雪鐵龍／雪铁龙 (Xuětiělóng)
• 雪雀 (xuěquè)
• 雪青 (xuěqīng)
• 雪鞋 (xuěxié)
• 雪頓／雪顿
• 雪頓節／雪顿节 (Xuědùnjié)
• 雪魚／雪鱼 (xuěyú)
• 飛雪／飞雪

 

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (雪):

• → Korean: 설(雪) (seol)
• → Vietnamese: tuyết (雪)

Others:

• → Zhuang: siet

References

• Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), A04469
• “雪”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

References

• 莆田市荔城区档案馆 [Putian City Licheng District Archives], editor (2022), “雪”, in 莆仙方言文读字汇 [Puxian Dialect Literary Reading Dictionary] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), page 271.

Japanese

Shinjitai	雪
Kyūjitai	雪󠄁 雪+󠄁? (Adobe-Japan1)
	雪󠄃 雪+󠄃? (Hanyo-Denshi) (Moji_Joho)
The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment. See here for details.

Kanji

雪

(Second grade kyōiku kanji)

1. snow
2. white as snow
3. cleanse

Readings

• Go-on: せち (sechi)
• Kan-on: せつ (setsu, Jōyō)
• Kun: ゆき (yuki, 雪, Jōyō)、すすぐ (susugu, 雪ぐ)、そそぐ (sosogu, 雪ぐ)
• Nanori: きよ (kiyo)、きよみ (kiyomi)、きよむ (kiyomu)、せ (se)、そそぐ (sosogu)、ぶき (buki)、まよむ (mayomu)、ゆき (yuki)

Compounds

Compounds

• 雪(せつ)冤(えん) (setsuen)
• 雪(せっ)花(か)菜(さい) (sekkasai)
• 雪(せっ)渓(けい) (sekkei)
• 雪(せつ)月(げっ)花(か) (setsugekka)
• 雪(せつ)原(げん) (setsugen, “snow field”)
• 雪(せつ)辱(じょく) (setsujoku, “vindication, revenge”)
• 雪(せっ)駄(た), 雪(せっ)踏(た) (setta)
• 雪(せっ)隠(ちん) (setchin)
• 雪(せっ)洞(とう) (settō)
• 雪(せつ)洞(どう) (setsudō)
• 雪(せっ)膚(ぷ) (seppu)
• 雪(せっ)片(ぺん) (seppen)
• 回(かい)雪(せつ) (kaisetsu)
• 蛍(けい)雪(せつ) (keisetsu)
• 降(こう)雪(せつ) (kōsetsu)
• 豪(ごう)雪(せつ) (gōsetsu)
• 残(ざん)雪(せつ) (zansetsu)
• 春(しゅん)雪(せつ) (shunsetsu)
• 除(じょ)雪(せつ) (josetsu)
• 小(しょう)雪(せつ) (shōsetsu)
• 新(しん)雪(せつ) (shinsetsu)
• 積(せき)雪(せつ) (sekisetsu)
• 早(そう)雪(せつ) (sōsetsu)
• 霜(そう)雪(せつ) (sōsetsu)
• 大(たい)雪(せつ) (taisetsu)
• 眉(び)雪(せつ) (bisetsu)
• 氷(ひょう)雪(せつ) (hyōsetsu)
• 風(ふう)雪(せつ) (fūsetsu)
• 雪花菜(おから) (okara), 雪花菜(きらず) (kirazu)
• 雪崩(なだれ) (nadare, “avalanche”)
• 雪洞(ぼんぼり) (bonbori, “paper lamp”)
• 吹(ふ)雪(ぶき) (fubuki)

Etymology

Kanji in this term
雪
ゆき Grade: 2
kun'yomi

⟨yuki₁⟩ → */jukʲi/ → /juki/

From Old Japanese. Found in the Man'yōshū, completed some time after 759 CE.

Also found once in the Man'yōshū in a so-called 東歌 (Azuma uta, literally “eastern song”) in the eastern dialect of Old Japanese, realized as ⟨yo₂ki₁⟩.

Reconstructed by some as deriving from Proto-Japonic *yoki.

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) ゆき [yùkíꜜ] (Odaka – [2])
• IPA^(key): [jɯ̟kʲi]

• Audio:

  (file)

Noun

雪(ゆき) • (yuki) 

1. snow

   Synonym: 玉塵 (gyokujin)

   • 938, Minamoto no Shitagō, Wamyō Ruijushō, volume 1, pages 27-28:

     雪 [...] 和名由岐、日本紀私記云、泡雪阿和由岐、其弱如水沫故云沫雪也

     Snow (in Japanese "yuki"), [attested in] the Nihon Shoki Shiki as awayuki (light snowfall), said to be weak as foamy water

2. something white as snow
3. white hair
   • 905–914, Kokin Wakashū (book 1, poem 8)

     春(はる)の日(ひ)の光(ひかり)にあたる我(われ)なれどかしらの雪(ゆき)となるぞわびしき

     haru no hi no hikari ni ataru ware naredo kashira no yuki to naru zo wabishiki

     (please add an English translation of this example)

4. shaved ice

   Synonym: かき氷 (kakigōri)

5. small pieces of paper used to imitate snow
6. (archaic women's speech) a turnip or daikon
7. (archaic women's speech) Abbreviation of 鱈 (tara): a codfish

   Synonym: 雪の下 (yukinoshita)

8. a 家紋 (kamon, “family crest”) with various designs of snowflakes
9. Short for 八朔の雪 (hassaku no yuki): This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Derived terms

Derived terms

• 雪兎(ユキウサギ) (yuki usagi)
• 雪男(ゆきおとこ) (yuki otoko, “yeti”)
• 雪女(ゆきおんな) (yuki onna, “snow woman, snow fairy”)
• 雪(ゆき)国(ぐに) (yukiguni, “snow country”)
• 雪(ゆき)解(げ), 雪(ゆき)消(げ) (yukige)
• 雪(ゆき)空(ぞら) (yukizora)
• 雪(ユキ)の下(シタ) (yukinoshita)
• 雪豹(ユキヒョウ) (yukihyō)
• 雪頬白(ユキホオジロ) (yukihōjiro)
• 雪柳(ユキヤナギ) (yukiyanagi)
• 雪(ゆき)輪(わ) (yukiwa)
• 淡(あわ)雪(ゆき) (awayuki)
• 泡(あわ)雪(ゆき), 沫(あわ)雪(ゆき) (awayuki)
• 大(おお)雪(ゆき) (ōyuki)
• 小(こ)雪(ゆき) (koyuki)
• 粉(こ)雪(ゆき) (koyuki)
• 粉(こな)雪(ゆき) (konayuki)
• 細(ささめ)雪(ゆき) (sasameyuki)
• 白(しら)雪(ゆき) (shirayuki)
• 月(つき)雪(ゆき)花(はな) (tsuki yuki hana)
• 根(ね)雪(ゆき) (neyuki)
• 初(はつ)雪(ゆき) (hatsuyuki, “first snow”)

Idioms

• 雪(ゆき)と墨(すみ) (yuki to sumi)
• 雪(ゆき)を欺(あざむ)く (yuki o azamuku)
• 雪(ゆき)をいただく (yuki o itadaku)
• 雪(ゆき)を回(めぐ)らす (yuki o megurasu)

Proverbs

• 雪(ゆき)に白(しら)鷺(さぎ) (yuki ni shirasagi)
• 雪(ゆき)は豊(ほう)年(ねん)の瑞(しるし) (yuki wa hōnen no shirushi)
• 雪(ゆき)やこんこん (yuki ya konkon)

See also

• 白(しろ)妙(たえ)の, 白(しろ)栲(たえ)の (shirotae no, pillow word that can allude to yuki)
• 久方(ひさかた)の (hisakata no, another pillow word that can allude to yuki)

Proper noun

雪(ゆき) • (Yuki) 

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

   雪(ゆき)やこんこ霰(あられ)やこんこ　降(ふ)っては降(ふ)ってはずんずん積(つも)る

   yuki ya konko arare ya konko futte wa futte wa zunzun tsumoru

   (please add an English translation of this example)

2. a female given name

Pronunciation

• Audio:

  (file)

Korean

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 雪 (MC sjwet).

Historical Readings
Dongguk Jeongun Reading
Dongguk Jeongun, 1448	ᄉᆑᇙ〮 (Yale: syyélq)
Middle Korean
Text	Eumhun
	Gloss (hun)	Reading
Hunmong Jahoe, 1527[2]	눈〯 (Yale: nwǔn)	셜〮 (Yale: syél)

Pronunciation

• (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [sʰʌ̹ɭ]
• Phonetic hangul: [설]

Hanja

Wikisource

雪 (eumhun 눈 설 (nun seol))

1. hanja form^? of 설 (“snow”) [affix]

Compounds

Compounds

• 백설 (白雪, baekseol)
• 제설 (除雪, jeseol)
• 폭설 (暴雪, pokseol)
• 설경 (雪慶, seolgyeong)
• 설욕 (雪辱, seoryok)
• 설산 (雪山, seolsan)
• 설원 (雪原, seorwon)
• 적설 (積雪, jeokseol)
• 설탕 (雪糖, seoltang)
• 초설 (初雪, choseol)
• 설농탕 (雪濃湯, seollongtang)
• 강설량 (降雪量, gangseollyang)

References

• 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [3]

Okinawan

Kanji

雪

(Second grade kyōiku kanji)

1. hail
2. snow

Readings

• Kun: ゆち (yuchi, 雪)

Etymology

Kanji in this term
雪
ゆち Grade: 2
kun'yomi

Cognate with Japanese 雪 (yuki, “snow”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [jut͡ɕi]

Noun

雪(ゆち) (yuchi) 

1. hail
2. snow

References

• “ゆち【雪】” in JLect - Japonic Languages and Dialects Database Dictionary, 2019.

Old Japanese

Etymology 1

Found in the Man'yōshū, completed some time after 759 CE.

Reconstructed by some as deriving from Proto-Japonic *yoki.

Noun

雪 (yuki₁) (kana ゆき)

1. snow
   • c. 759, Man’yōshū, book 5, poem 822:
     , text here

     和何則能尓 宇米能波奈知流 比佐可多能 阿米欲里由吉能 那何列久流加母

     wa ga so₂no₂ ni ume₂ no₂ pana tiru pi₁sakata no₂ ame₂ yo₁ri yuki₁ no₂ nagarekuru ka mo

     In my garden, the plum blossoms fall, as if snow were streaming down from the [eternal?] heavens.

Derived terms

Derived terms

• 雪解, 雪消 (yuki₁ge₂)
• 雪じもの (yuki₁zimono₂)
• 泡雪, 沫雪 (awayuki₁)
• 大雪 (opoyuki₁)
• 霜雪 (simoyuki₁)
• 白雪 (sirayuki₁)
• 降る雪の (puru yuki₁ no₂, pillow word)
• 御雪 (mi₁-yuki₁)

Descendants

• Japanese: 雪 (yuki)

See also

• 白妙の, 白栲の (siro₁tape₂ no₂, pillow word that can allude to yuki₁)

Etymology 2

Found once in the Man'yōshū in a so-called 東歌 (Azuma uta, literally “eastern song”) in the eastern dialect of Old Japanese.

Probably a misspelling of original ⟨yo₁ki₁⟩, given the Western and modern reflexes. Compare 夜 (yo₁ → yu, “night”).

Noun

雪 (yo₂ki₁) (kana よき)

1. (regional, Eastern Old Japanese) snow
   • c. 759, Man’yōshū, book 14, poem 3423:
     , text here

     可美都氣努 伊可抱乃祢呂尓 布路与伎能 遊吉須宜可提奴 伊毛賀伊敝乃安多里

     Kami₁tuke₂no₁ Ikapo no₂ nero₂ ni puro₁ yo₂ki₁ no₂ yuki₁sugi₂katenu imo ga ipe₁ no₂ atari

     Like in Kamitsukeno, on the peak of Ikaho, the falling snow: impassible, near my girl's house

Vietnamese

Han character

雪: Hán Việt readings: tuyết

1. chữ Hán form of tuyết (“snow”).