cairdiúil

Irish

Alternative forms

caradamhail, cairdeamhuil, cáirdeamhuil (obsolete)
cairdeamhail, cáirdeamhail (superseded)
caradúil (dialectal)

Etymology

From Middle Irish cairdemail. By surface analysis, cairde (“friends”) +‎ -úil.

Pronunciation

(Munster) IPA^(key): /kɑːɾˠˈdʲuːlʲ/
(Connacht) IPA^(key): /ˈkɑːɾˠdʲuːlʲ/
(Ulster) IPA^(key): /ˈkæːɾˠdʲulʲ/

Adjective

cairdiúil (genitive singular masculine cairdiúil, genitive singular feminine cairdiúla, plural cairdiúla, comparative cairdiúla)

friendly
Synonyms: lách, muinteartha

Declension

Declension of *cairdiúil*
	singular		plural (m/f)
Positive	masculine	feminine	(strong noun)	(weak noun)
nominative	cairdiúil	chairdiúil	cairdiúla; chairdiúla²
vocative	chairdiúil	chairdiúil	cairdiúla
genitive	chairdiúil	cairdiúla	cairdiúla	cairdiúil
dative	cairdiúil; chairdiúil¹	chairdiúil	cairdiúla; chairdiúla²
Comparative	níos cairdiúla
Superlative	is cairdiúla

¹ When the preceding noun is lenited and governed by the definite article.
² When the preceding noun ends in a slender consonant.

Derived terms

cairdiúlacht (“friendliness”)
daonchairdiúil (“philanthropic”)

Mutation

Mutated forms of *cairdiúil*
radical	lenition	eclipsis
cairdiúil	chairdiúil	gcairdiúil

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “cairdemail”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
“cairdiúil”, in Historical Irish Corpus, 1600–1926, Royal Irish Academy
Dinneen, Patrick S. (1904) “cáirdeaṁail”, in Foclóir Gaeḋilge agus Béarla, 1st edition, Dublin: Irish Texts Society, page 107
Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “cairdiúil”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN