kastaa

²⁾ Usually with a possessive suffix (active only).
³⁾ Some uses of the verbal noun are called the 'fourth infinitive' by certain sources (more details).
⁴⁾ Usually with a possessive suffix. May not be used with all verbs, especially intransitive ones (more details). Distinct from nouns with the -ma suffix and third infinitive forms.

* The third-person singular indicative form kastaa does not exhibit final gemination,
unlike the first infinitive (the lemma form), even though they are spelled identically.

3rd

inessive

kastamassa

—

elative

kastamasta

—

illative

kastamaan

—

adessive

kastamalla

—

abessive

kastamatta

—

instructive

kastaman

kastettaman

4th³

verbal noun

kastaminen

5th¹

Possessive forms
Person	sing.	plur.
1st	kastamaisillani	kastamaisillamme
2nd	kastamaisillasi	kastamaisillanne
3rd	kastamaisillaan kastamaisillansa

Derived terms

adjectives

kastamaton

nouns

verbs

Anagrams

akasta, kasaat, kasata, sakata

Ingrian

Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *kastadak, equivalent to kasi (“dew”) +‎ -taa. Cognates include Finnish kastaa and Estonian kasta.

Pronunciation

(Ala-Laukaa) IPA^(key): /ˈkɑstɑː/, [ˈkɑs̠tɑ]
(Soikkola) IPA^(key): /ˈkɑstɑː/, [ˈkɑʃtɑː]
Rhymes: -ɑstɑː
Hyphenation: kas‧taa

Verb

kastaa

(transitive) to dip (into liquid)
(transitive) to moisten (make moist)

Conjugation

Conjugation of kastaa (type 4/antaa, st-ss gradation)
Indikativa
Preesens			Perfekta
	positive	negative		positive	negative
1st singular	kassan	en kassa	1st singular	oon kastant, oon kastanut	en oo kastant, en oo kastanut
2nd singular	kassat	et kassa	2nd singular	oot kastant, oot kastanut	et oo kastant, et oo kastanut
3rd singular	kastaa	ei kassa	3rd singular	ono kastant, ono kastanut	ei oo kastant, ei oo kastanut
1st plural	kassamma	emmä kassa	1st plural	oomma kastaneet	emmä oo kastaneet
2nd plural	kassatta	että kassa	2nd plural	ootta kastaneet	että oo kastaneet
3rd plural	kastaat¹⁾, kastavat²⁾, kassetaa	evät kassa, ei kasseta	3rd plural	ovat kastaneet	evät oo kastaneet, ei oo kassettu
impersonal	kassetaa	ei kasseta	impersonal	ono kassettu	ei oo kassettu
Imperfekta			Pluskvamperfekta
	positive	negative		positive	negative
1st singular	kassoin	en kastant, en kastanut	1st singular	olin kastant, olin kastanut	en olt kastant, en olt kastanut
2nd singular	kassoit	et kastant, et kastanut	2nd singular	olit kastant, olit kastanut	et olt kastant, et olt kastanut
3rd singular	kastoi	ei kastant, ei kastanut	3rd singular	oli kastant, oli kastanut	ei olt kastant, ei olt kastanut
1st plural	kassoimma	emmä kastaneet	1st plural	olimma kastaneet	emmä olleet kastaneet
2nd plural	kassoitta	että kastaneet	2nd plural	olitta kastaneet	että olleet kastaneet
3rd plural	kastoit¹⁾, kastoivat²⁾, kassettii	evät kastaneet, ei kassettu	3rd plural	olivat kastaneet	evät olleet kastaneet, ei olt kassettu
impersonal	kassettii	ei kassettu	impersonal	oli kassettu	ei olt kassettu
Konditsionala
Preesens			Perfekta
	positive	negative		positive	negative
1st singular	kastaisin	en kastais	1st singular	olisin kastant, olisin kastanut	en olis kastant, en olis kastanut
2nd singular	kastaisit, kastaist¹⁾	et kastais	2nd singular	olisit kastant, olisit kastanut	et olis kastant, et olis kastanut
3rd singular	kastais	ei kastais	3rd singular	olis kastant, olis kastanut	ei olis kastant, ei olis kastanut
1st plural	kastaisimma	emmä kastais	1st plural	olisimma kastaneet	emmä olis kastaneet
2nd plural	kastaisitta	että kastais	2nd plural	olisitta kastaneet	että olis kastaneet
3rd plural	kastaisiit¹⁾, kastaisivat²⁾, kassettais	evät kastais, ei kassettais	3rd plural	olisivat kastaneet	evät olis kastaneet, ei olis kassettu
impersonal	kassettais	ei kassettais	impersonal	olis kassettu	ei olis kassettu
Imperativa
Preesens			Perfekta
	positive	negative		positive	negative
1st singular	—	—	1st singular	—	—
2nd singular	kassa	elä kassa	2nd singular	oo kastant, oo kastanut	elä oo kastant, elä oo kastanut
3rd singular	kastakoo	elköö kastako	3rd singular	olkoo kastant, olkoo kastanut	elköö olko kastant, elköö olko kastanut
1st plural	—	—	1st plural	—	—
2nd plural	kastakaa	elkää kastako	2nd plural	olkaa kastaneet	elkää olko kastaneet
3rd plural	kastakoot	elkööt kastako, elköö kassettako	3rd plural	olkoot kastaneet	elkööt olko kastaneet, elköö olko kassettu
impersonal	kassettakkoo	elköö kassettako	impersonal	olkoo kassettu	elköö olko kassettu
Potentsiala
Preesens
	positive	negative
1st singular	kastanen	en kastane
2nd singular	kastanet	et kastane
3rd singular	kastanoo	ei kastane
1st plural	kastanemma	emmä kastane
2nd plural	kastanetta	että kastane
3rd plural	kastanoot	evät kastane, ei kassettane
impersonal	kassettannoo	ei kassettane
Nominal forms
Infinitivat			Partisipat
				active	passive
1st		kastaa	present	kastava	kassettava
2nd	inessive	kastajees	past	kastant, kastanut	kassettu
2nd	instructive	kastaen	¹⁾ Chiefly in the Soikkola dialect. ²⁾ Chiefly in the Ala-Laukaa dialect. ^) For the imperative, the 2nd plural (kastakaa) may be used for the 3rd person as well. ^) The interrogative is formed by adding the suffix -k (-ka^?/-kä^?) to the indicative ^*) The deliberative is formed by adding the suffix -k (-ka^?/-kä^?) or -kse* to either the indicative or the potential ^***) In folk poetry, a long first infinitive can be formed by adding the suffix -kse-*, followed by possessive suffixes, to the first infinitive. Note that sometimes gemination may be undone by this addition.
3rd	illative	kastamaa
	inessive	kastamaas
	elative	kastamast
	abessive	kastamata
4th	nominative	kastamiin
	partitive	kastamista, kastamist

Derived terms

References

Ruben E. Nirvi (1971) Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 141

kastaa

Contents

Finnish

Etymology

Pronunciation

Verb

Conjugation

Derived terms

Further reading

Anagrams

Ingrian

Etymology

Pronunciation

Verb

Conjugation

Derived terms

References