raire

French

Alternative forms

• réer

Etymology

From Old French raire, from Late Latin ragĕre. Compare Romanian rage. Cf. also railler.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ʁɛʁ/

Verb

raire (defective)

1. (rare, of deer) to troat, cry, bellow, make noises

Conjugation

This verb traditionally has no past historic or imperfect subjunctive. They would be formed on a -ray- root: *je rayis, *que nous rayissions etc. Forms using the 'a' endings of verbs in -er are now used when there is an unavoidable need to use these forms. The root -rais- was used instead of -ray- in the 18th century, and remains in Swiss and Savoy dialects.

Conjugation of raire (see also Appendix:French verbs)

infinitive	simple	raire
	compound	avoir + past participle
present participle or gerund1	simple	rayant /ʁɛ.jɑ̃/ or /ʁe.jɑ̃/
	compound	ayant + past participle
past participle		rait /ʁɛ/
		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		je (j’)	tu	il, elle, on	nous	vous	ils, elles
(simple tenses)	present	rais /ʁɛ/	rais /ʁɛ/	rait /ʁɛ/	rayons /ʁɛ.jɔ̃/ or /ʁe.jɔ̃/	rayez /ʁɛ.je/ or /ʁe.je/	raient /ʁɛ/
	imperfect	rayais /ʁɛ.jɛ/ or /ʁe.jɛ/	rayais /ʁɛ.jɛ/ or /ʁe.jɛ/	rayait /ʁɛ.jɛ/ or /ʁe.jɛ/	rayions /ʁɛj.jɔ̃/	rayiez /ʁɛj.je/	rayaient /ʁɛ.jɛ/ or /ʁe.jɛ/
	past historic2	rayai /ʁɛe/	rayas /ʁɛa/	raya /ʁɛa/	rayâmes /ʁɛam/	rayâtes /ʁɛat/	rayèrent /ʁɛɛʁ/
	future	rairai /ʁɛ.ʁe/ or /ʁe.ʁe/	rairas /ʁɛ.ʁa/ or /ʁe.ʁa/	raira /ʁɛ.ʁa/ or /ʁe.ʁa/	rairons /ʁɛ.ʁɔ̃/ or /ʁe.ʁɔ̃/	rairez /ʁɛ.ʁe/ or /ʁe.ʁe/	rairont /ʁɛ.ʁɔ̃/ or /ʁe.ʁɔ̃/
	conditional	rairais /ʁɛ.ʁɛ/ or /ʁe.ʁɛ/	rairais /ʁɛ.ʁɛ/ or /ʁe.ʁɛ/	rairait /ʁɛ.ʁɛ/ or /ʁe.ʁɛ/	rairions /ʁɛ.ʁjɔ̃/ or /ʁe.ʁjɔ̃/	rairiez /ʁɛ.ʁje/ or /ʁe.ʁje/	rairaient /ʁɛ.ʁɛ/ or /ʁe.ʁɛ/
(compound tenses)	present perfect	present indicative of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect	imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle
	past anterior2	past historic of avoir + past participle
	future perfect	future of avoir + past participle
	conditional perfect	conditional of avoir + past participle
subjunctive		que je (j’)	que tu	qu’il, qu’elle	que nous	que vous	qu’ils, qu’elles
(simple tenses)	present	raie /ʁɛ/	raies /ʁɛ/	raie /ʁɛ/	rayions /ʁɛj.jɔ̃/	rayiez /ʁɛj.je/	raient /ʁɛ/
	imperfect2	rayasse /ʁɛas/	rayasses /ʁɛas/	rayât /ʁɛa/	rayassions /ʁɛa.sjɔ̃/	rayassiez /ʁɛa.sje/	rayassent /ʁɛas/
(compound tenses)	past	present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect2	imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
imperative		–	tu	–	nous	vous	–
simple		—	rais /ʁɛ/	—	rayons /ʁɛ.jɔ̃/ or /ʁe.jɔ̃/	rayez /ʁɛ.je/ or /ʁe.je/	—
compound		—	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	—	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	—
1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en.
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way: past historic → present perfect past anterior → pluperfect imperfect subjunctive → present subjunctive pluperfect subjunctive → past subjunctive (Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81).

Synonyms

• bramer

Related terms

• railler

Noun

raire m (plural raires)

1. the troat or cry of a deer

References

• “raire”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.