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[[General Officer|General]] '''Abdul Hamid Khan''', ([[Urdu]]: عبد الحمید خان) {{small|HQA, [[Sitara-e-Pakistan|SPk]], [[Sitara-i-Quaid-i-Azam|SQA]]}}, was a senior officer in the [[Pakistan Army]]. He served as the [[Army Chief of Staff (Pakistan)|Chief of Staff]] of the Pakistan Army under [[President of Pakistan|president]] [[Yahya Khan]] and led the army during the events in the [[Indo-Pakistani War of 1971|Indo-Pakistani War]] in [[1971 in Pakistan|1971]]. He is accused of inflicting genocide during the [[Bangladesh Liberation War]].<ref>Riza, Maj Gen Shaukat. (1990). ''The Pakistan Army 1966-71''. Rawalpindi: Services Book Club 1990.</ref>
[[General Officer|General]] '''Abdul Hamid Khan''', ([[Urdu]]: عبد الحمید خان) {{small|HQA, [[Sitara-e-Pakistan|SPk]], [[Sitara-i-Quaid-i-Azam|SQA]]}}, was a senior officer in the [[Pakistan Army]]. He served as the [[Army Chief of Staff (Pakistan)|Chief of Staff]] of the Pakistan Army under [[President of Pakistan|president]] [[Yahya Khan]] and led the army during the events in the [[Indo-Pakistani War of 1971|Indo-Pakistani War]] in [[1971 in Pakistan|1971]]. He is accused of inflicting genocide during the [[Bangladesh Liberation War]].<ref>Riza, Maj Gen Shaukat. (1990). ''The Pakistan Army 1966-71''. Rawalpindi: Services Book Club 1990.</ref> He served as the first commandant of the [[National Defence University, Pakistan|National Defence University]] from 19 July 1970 to 7 December 1970.<ref name="National Defence University, Islamabad 2022">{{cite web | title=History | website=National Defence University, Islamabad | date=2022-03-14 | url=https://ndu.edu.pk/about-history.php | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220314141259/https://ndu.edu.pk/about-history.php | archive-date=2022-03-14 | url-status=live | access-date=2022-05-08}}</ref>


== Early career ==
== Early career ==

Revision as of 06:37, 8 May 2022

"General Abdul Hamid Khan" redirects here. For other people named Abdul Hamid Khan, see Abdul Hamid Khan (disambiguation).
Abdul Hamid Khan
Born29 April 1917[1]
Died1984 (aged 66–67)
Allegiance British India
 Pakistan
Service / branch British Indian Army
 Pakistan Army
Years of service1939 – 1971
Rank General
Service numberPA-95
Unit10th Baluch Regiment
Commands6th bn Baluch Regiment
3rd bn Baluch Regiment
11th Infantry Division, Lahore
I Corps, Kharian
Chief of Staff of the Army
Battles / warsWorld War II
Indo-Pakistani War of 1965
Indo-Pakistani War of 1971
AwardsHilal-i-Quaid-i-Azam
Sitara-i-Pakistan
Sitara-i-Quaid-i-Azam

General Abdul Hamid Khan, (Urdu: عبد الحمید خان) HQA, SPk, SQA, was a senior officer in the Pakistan Army. He served as the Chief of Staff of the Pakistan Army under president Yahya Khan and led the army during the events in the Indo-Pakistani War in 1971. He is accused of inflicting genocide during the Bangladesh Liberation War.[2] He served as the first commandant of the National Defence University from 19 July 1970 to 7 December 1970.[3]

Early career

Abdul Hamid Khan was born 29 April 1917.[1] He attended the Indian Military Academy, Dehra Dun. He was commissioned as a second lieutenant on the Special List 15 July 1939 and was initially attached to the Somerset Light Infantry for experience from 11 August 1939.[4] His date of commission was later antedated to 28 August 1938 and he was promoted Lieutenant 28 November 1940. He was admitted to the Indian Army 27 August 1940. He was appointed acting Captain then temporary Captain on 23 December 1940.[1] He had been posted to 3rd battalion 10th Baluch Regiment by October 1942.[5]

He was promoted war substantive Captain and temporary Major 3 February 1944. He was briefly an acting Lieut-Col 15 August to 18 October 1945. He had attended a war time staff course.[1]

During the Partition of India, he opted for Pakistan and joined the newly created Pakistan Army; in 1947 he was promoted to Lt-Col and became commanding officer of 6th battalion, Baluch Regiment, he commanded from April 1948 - November 1948. Later he was appointed commanding officer of 3rd battalion, Baluch Regiment, he served in this post from November 1948 to December 1949.[6]

1965 War with India

During the 1965 Indo-Pakistani War, then Major General Abdul Hamid Khan served as the General Officer Commanding (GOC) of 11th Infantry Division at Kasur. This division in addition to 10th Infantry Division under Major General Sarfaraz Khan repelled the Indian thrust at Lahore on 6 September 1965. His division captured the district of Khemkaran in Indian Punjab, though further advances were checked. He then was able to withstand multiple counter-attacks by the Indian Army in an effort to retake Khemkaran.[7][8]

Career in the Yahya Government

After the Indo-Pak war of 1965, Abdul Hamid Khan was promoted to Lieutenant General and served as the commander of I Corps, then based in Kharian (it is currently based in Mangla).[9] After martial law was imposed by General Yahya Khan on 25 March 1969, Lt Gen Hamid Khan was made the Deputy Commander-in-Chief of Pakistan Army and Deputy Martial Law Administrator of the country.[10] During that time he briefly held the cabinet portfolio of Home Affairs for four months. He was promoted to full general in August 1969 and was appointed as the Chief of Staff of the Army or in other sense the de facto commander-in-chief of the army in place of Yahya as he was the President. He is accused of war crimes during the 1971 Bangladesh liberation war.

Dates of rank

Note: The rank insignias were still British Army's pip and crown till 1956 when the British Dominion of Pakistan ended.

Insignia Rank Component Date of rank
Second Lieutenant British Indian Army 15 July 1939[11]
Lieutenant British Indian Army 28 November 1940.[11]
Captain British Indian Army 28 November 1940 (acting)[11]
15 January 1942 (temporary)[11]
7 April 1943 (war-substantive)[11]
Major British Indian Army 15 January 1942 (acting)
7 April 1943 (temporary)
Captain Pakistan Army 15 August 1947[note 1]
Lieutenant-Colonel Pakistan Army 1 September 1947 (acting)
July 1948 (temporary)
Colonel Pakistan Army 20 December 1953
Brigadier Pakistan Army 11 February 1954 (acting)
28 July 1956 (substantive)
Major General Pakistan Army 24 September 1958 (acting)[note 1]
1964 (substantive)
Lieutenant General Pakistan Army 9 April 1966 (substantive)
General
(Comamnder-in-Chief of the army) (de facto)		 Pakistan Army 1969 (substantive)

Notes

  1. ^ a b Upon independence in 1947, Pakistan became a Dominion within the British Commonwealth of Nations. As a result, the rank insignia of the British Army, incorporating the Tudor Crown and four-pointed Bath Star ("pip"), was retained, as George VI remained Commander-in-Chief of the Pakistan Armed Forces. After 23 March 1956, when Pakistan made its constitution, the President of Pakistan became Commander-in-Chief, and the crescent star replaced the crown, with a newly modelled "pip."

References

  1. ^ a b c d The Half Yearly Indian Army List April 1946
  2. ^ Riza, Maj Gen Shaukat. (1990). The Pakistan Army 1966-71. Rawalpindi: Services Book Club 1990.
  3. ^ "History". National Defence University, Islamabad. 2022-03-14. Archived from the original on 2022-03-14. Retrieved 2022-05-08.
  4. ^ July 1940 Indian Army List
  5. ^ October 1942 Indian Army List Most Secret edition
  6. ^ Riza, Maj Gen Shaukat. The Pakistan Army 1947-49 Rawalpindi: Services Book Club 1989
  7. ^ Riza, Maj Gen Shaukat. (1984). The Pakistan Army: War 1965. Rawalpindi: Services Book Club 1990.
  8. ^ Ravi Rikhye. "The Battle of Assal Uttar: Pakistan and India 1965" Archived 2016-03-04 at the Wayback Machine Pakistan Orbat, February 24, 2002
  9. ^ "Changes in the Army High Command" Archived 2008-11-22 at the Wayback Machine British High Commission", 5 May 1966
  10. ^ Pakistan : Martial Law "Who's Who" Archived 2008-09-23 at the Wayback Machine The American Papers - Secret and Confidential India.Pakistan.Bangladesh Documents 1965-1973, March 26, 1969
  11. ^ a b c d e Indian Army List for October 1945 (Part I). Government of India Press. 1945. p. 249.
Political offices
Preceded by Interior Minister of Pakistan
1969 		Succeeded by
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