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{{Short description|Christian religious movement}} |
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{{multiple issues| |
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{{More citations needed|date=July 2007}} |
{{More citations needed|date=July 2007}} |
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{{lead rewrite|date=August 2023}} |
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|caption = |
|caption = |
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|main_classification = [[Protestant]] |
|main_classification = [[Protestant]] |
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|orientation = [[Pentecostal]] |
|orientation = Mostly [[Pentecostal]] |
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|polity = |
|polity = |
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|founder = |
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|founder = J.B. Sadare<ref name=Olowe2007,68 /><ref name="Melton2003,517">{{cite book | first = J. Gordon | last = Melton | authorlink = J. Gordon Melton | title = Encyclopedia of American Religions (Seventh edition) | publisher = The Gale Group, Inc. | year = 2003 | place = Farmington Hills, Michigan | page = 517 | isbn = 0-7876-6384-0}}</ref> |
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|founded_date = |
|founded_date = Early 20th century |
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|founded_place = |
|founded_place = South-Western, Nigeria |
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|congregations = |
|congregations = |
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}} |
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The term "Aladura" means "praying person" in [[Yoruba language|Yoruba]]. '''Aladura''' is a classification of indigenous churches that started in Yoruba land in the early 20th century. These churches believe in the efficacy of prayers and practical guidance by the Living God through his Holy Spirit in all its programs. |
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'''Aladura''' is a classification of churches that abide by a [[Christianity|Christian]] religious [[Christian denomination|denomination]] or trend inspired by activities of progressive church elements, J.B Sadare, D.O. Odubanjo, I.O Sanya and others in 1918.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://litcaf.com/aladura/|title=Aladura|date=2016-03-10|work=Litcaf|access-date=2017-06-04|language=en-US}}</ref> There are over 3 million adherents worldwide. |
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The first known '''Aladura''' church started with Abbieassalem Samuel Somoye (Baba Dada) in 1918 at Abule Dada in Ogun State Nigeria. |
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The term "Aladura" means "praying people" in [[Yoruba language|Yoruba]]. |
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The main Aladura churches can be distinguished by the distinct apostolic way, the church founders were called directly by Christ himself. Jesus Christ emphasized: ''my house shall be called the house of prayer.'' |
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| ⚫ | |||
'''Aladura''' churches emphasize the power of prayer, prayerful songs and the word of God (both the Bible and revealed by the living voice of God). |
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The Aladura movement started at [[Ijebu-Ode]], Nigeria in 1918. This movement later metamorphosed to [[Living Faith Church Worldwide]] (whose headquarters is the [[Faith Tabernacle]]) and to the [[Christ Apostolic Church]]. Today, many churches in Western Nigeria can be correctly called "Aladura". |
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They believe in holiness. The yoruba term for this: is "'''ijo-mimo'''". Aladura churches are Evangelicals and various elements associated with [[Pentecostalism]] can be found in Aladura churches. |
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| ⚫ | Most of the pioneer founders in the early 20th century were initially [[Anglicanism|Anglicans]] and [[Methodist]]s. They rejected the power of traditional [[African religion]] as malign. They also opposed many dominant practices then such as: both [[polygamy]] and [[witchcraft]] and focus instead on the "holiness movement".<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://rlp.hds.harvard.edu/faq/aladura-churches-nigeria|title=Aladura Churches in Nigeria|website=rlp.hds.harvard.edu}}</ref> |
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Today, many churches in Nigeria can be called "Aladura", since they have been influenced by this movement. |
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== Divisions == |
== Divisions == |
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The main Aladura churches with their founders are: |
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They can be categorized into Pentecostals and Spiritualists.<ref name="Olowe2007,68">{{cite book | first = Abi | last = Olowe | authorlink = Abi Olowe | title = Great Revivals, Great Revivalist | publisher = Omega Publishers | year = 2007 | place = Houston, Texas | page = 344 | isbn = 978-0-9795299-0-0}}</ref> The popular Aladura indigenous churches are: |
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=== |
=== Pre-1960 Aladura === |
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| ⚫ | |||
Christ Apostolic Church, popularly called CAC, is the precursor of Aladura Pentecostalism. |
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Samuel A. A. '''Somoye'''<ref>{{Cite web |last=YorubaGidiTV |date=2023 |title=FIRST WHITE GARMENT CHURCH IN NIGERIA |website=[[YouTube]] |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yJVeFoiPNEU&ab_channel=YorubaGidiTV}}</ref> |
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| ⚫ | |||
| ⚫ | |||
*[[Mountain of Fire and Miracles|Mountain of Fire Ministries]] |
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| ⚫ | |||
* Church of the Lord ('''Aladura''') 1918 at Abule Dada, Ogun State, Nigeria. |
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=== Aladura Spiritualists === |
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Moses '''Orimolade''', |
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| ⚫ | |||
*[[Eternal Sacred Order of Cherubim and Seraphim]] |
* [[Eternal Sacred Order of Cherubim and Seraphim|Cherubim and Seraphim]] '''C&S''' |
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*[[Church of the Lord (Aladura)]] |
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| ⚫ | |||
*Celica Church of Christ |
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David O. '''Odunbanjo''', Joseph '''Sadare''', Oba Babalola '''Akinyele,''' Sophia '''Odunlami''', and many others |
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== Pentecostals == |
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* [[The Apostolic Church Nigeria|The Apostolic Church]] of Nigeria '''TAC ('''initially'', Faith Terbanacle Church of Nigeria''''')''' |
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===Christ Apostolic Church=== |
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{{main|Christ Apostolic Church}} |
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Joseph A. '''Babalola''', |
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| ⚫ | The first Aladura movement emerged from |
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| ⚫ | |||
| ⚫ | A revival took place in 1918 during the |
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SBJ '''Oschoffa''', |
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| ⚫ | The Revival group went through |
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| ⚫ | |||
Several other churches stemmed out of Christ Apostolic Church. |
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== |
=== Post-1960 Aladura === |
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J.O. '''Akindayomi''', |
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| ⚫ | |||
W.F. '''Kumuyi''' |
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| ⚫ | |||
=== Post-2000 Aladura === |
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Michael C. '''Egbo''' |
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* Kings Apostolic Christ Evangelical Mission '''KACEM''' |
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== Pre-1960 Aladura == |
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===Eternal Sacred Order of Cherubim and Seraphim=== |
===Eternal Sacred Order of Cherubim and Seraphim=== |
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{{main|Eternal Sacred Order of Cherubim and Seraphim}} |
{{main|Eternal Sacred Order of Cherubim and Seraphim}} |
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[[Moses Orimolade Tunolase]], who was later called Baba Aladura, or Praying Father, founded the [[Eternal Sacred Order of Cherubim and Seraphim]] in 1925, also as a prayer group within the Anglican Church. Captain Christiana Abiodun's |
[[Moses Orimolade Tunolase]], who was later called Baba Aladura, or Praying Father, founded the [[Eternal Sacred Order of Cherubim and Seraphim]] in 1925, also as a prayer group within the Anglican Church. Captain Christiana Abiodun's adopted daughter fell into a trance and Moses Orimolade Tunolase, who was already an itinerant evangelist and teacher, was the only one who could awaken her. By 1925 they had left the Anglican church to become independent. Their most distinctive ministry was to openly identify and challenge witches on evangelistic journeys through the countryside. These long trips were typical of Cherubim and Seraphim (as they are most commonly called) evangelists and missionaries. Today the church is one of the most popular, most attractive and most influential of the Aladura churches worldwide. |
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===The Church |
===The Apostolic Church and Christ Apostolic Church=== |
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{{main| |
{{main|Christ Apostolic Church}} |
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| ⚫ | The first Aladura movement emerged from St. Saviour's Anglican Church, [[Ijebu-Ode]], [[Nigeria]] in 1918. The Sexton, Ali, related a dream to four church elders, J.B. Sadare, E.O. Onabanjo, D.C. Oduga and E.O.W. Olukoya. They started vigorous prayer sessions. They initiated the "Prayer Band", popularly called "Egbe Aladura". After D.O. Odubanjo joined the movement in 1919, they became influenced by the doctrines of the Faith Tabernacle of Philadelphia. They rejected [[infant baptism]] and all forms of medicine, whether western or traditional. This led to a doctrinal conflict with the [[Church of Nigeria|Anglican Church]] and they were forced out of the church. Joseph Sadare was compelled to give up his post in the Synod and others were forced to resign their jobs and to withdraw their children from the [[mission school|Anglican School]]. The Aladura movement began as a renewal movement in search of true spirituality.<ref>Abi Olowe; Great Revivals, Great Revivalist – Joseph Ayo Babalola, Omega Publishers, 2007</ref> |
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[[Josiah Ollunowo Ositelu]] founded the Church of the Lord (Aladura) on 27 July 1930 at [[Ile Lisa]], [[Ogere-Remo]],[[Ogun state]]. |
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| ⚫ | A revival took place in 1918 during the [[Influenza epidemic of 1918|influenza pandemic]]. The group filled with the Holy Ghost claim to have used prayer to save many lives affected by the epidemic. This consolidated the prayer group. The movement grew gradually and formed branches throughout Nigeria. The name of the group went through several changes, such as Prayer Band, Precious Stone, Diamond Society, and Faith Tabernacle, in that order, until 1930. A great revival started in July 1930 by the [[Resurrection|raising of a dead body]] by Apostle [[Joseph Ayo Babalola]] at Oke-Oye in [[Ilesa]]. People traveled from neighboring cities and countries to receive healing at Ilesa. Several people were healed through the power of prayer amid evidence of the [[baptism of the Holy Spirit]]. The revival lasted about 60 days and is regarded as the greatest revival ever in Nigeria. Faith Tabernacle of Nigeria later invited the Apostolic Church of England in 1931 to form an Association that lasted until 1939. |
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Ositelu was born in 1902 to Dawodu Ositelu and Madam Rebecca Ejironike. His parents named him "Fakoya" at birth; however, Ositelu told his father he was "Oyelowo" and his baby brother should be called "Oyeleke". Eventually, Ositelu became School Master Catechist at Orile Imo – Ishan – Erukute, Asha, Erunbe (Oko Egba). Ollunowo Ositelu used only cold water all his life to bath and drink, and never ate pork. |
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| ⚫ | The Revival group went through additional name changes until, 24 years after its formation, it settled on the name Christ Apostolic Church (CAC) in 1942. Today, CAC has spread worldwide and is the precursor of Aladura Pentecostal Churches in Nigeria. The Church established schools at all levels, including [[Joseph Ayo Babalola University]].<ref>Abi Olowe, Babalola Miracle Center, Omega Publishers 2007</ref> |
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Ositelu also went on missionary journeys throughout Nigeria, Liberia, Ghana and Sierra Leone. |
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===Celestial Church of Christ=== |
===Celestial Church of Christ=== |
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The [[Celestial Church of Christ]] (usually known as Cele) was founded in 1947 by [[Samuel Oshoffa]] in [[Porto Novo]], [[Benin]]. |
The [[Celestial Church of Christ]] (usually known as Cele) was founded in 1947 by [[Samuel Oshoffa]] in [[Porto Novo]], [[Benin]]. |
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=== Celica Church of Christ === |
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Celica Church of Christ was established through the injunction of the Holy Spirit on November 15, 1992, at Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria and was announced to the world via a press conference on that day. In extra research on the name of the church, the British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC), London program on Africa made the world to understand that the word Celica has its origin in Hebrew, Latin, and Greek languages. From Latin, it means heavenly or Celestial. The name of the church translated spiritually is the Most Glorious Church of Christ from Heaven. The founder of the church is Emmanuel Adetunji Adeonigbagbe. The International Headquarters of the church is located at Kilometre 7, New Ife Road, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria. The church has branches in Nigeria and a presence in the United Kingdom, Canada, the United States of America, Cote d'Ivoire and South Africa. The church can be distinguished by its chant of Hosanna and the mode of dressing, a white garment with a blue cross on the left-hand side of the garment. The logo of the church is an eye, across, and a bible. The church believes in the efficacy of prayers and guidance by the Holy Spirit in all its programs.<ref>"The voice from Celica" $nVolume I edited by A. 'Sesan Ayodele, Adetunji Adeonigbagbe. Library of Congress Control Number: 00377810. Cataloguing Source: DLC, DLC. Library of Congress Call Number: MLCS 2005/ 03542 (B). Publication, Distribution, etc.</ref> |
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==See also== |
==See also== |
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*[[Christ Apostolic Church]] |
*[[Christ Apostolic Church]] |
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*[[African Initiated Church]] |
*[[African Initiated Church]] |
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*[[New religious movement]] |
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==References== |
==References== |
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Latest revision as of 16:47, 19 July 2024
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|
| Aladura | |
|---|---|
| Classification | Protestant |
| Orientation | Mostly Pentecostal |
| Origin | Early 20th century South-Western, Nigeria |
The term "Aladura" means "praying person" in Yoruba. Aladura is a classification of indigenous churches that started in Yoruba land in the early 20th century. These churches believe in the efficacy of prayers and practical guidance by the Living God through his Holy Spirit in all its programs.
The first known Aladura church started with Abbieassalem Samuel Somoye (Baba Dada) in 1918 at Abule Dada in Ogun State Nigeria.
The main Aladura churches can be distinguished by the distinct apostolic way, the church founders were called directly by Christ himself. Jesus Christ emphasized: my house shall be called the house of prayer.
Aladura churches emphasize the power of prayer, prayerful songs and the word of God (both the Bible and revealed by the living voice of God).
They believe in holiness. The yoruba term for this: is "ijo-mimo". Aladura churches are Evangelicals and various elements associated with Pentecostalism can be found in Aladura churches.
Most of the pioneer founders in the early 20th century were initially Anglicans and Methodists. They rejected the power of traditional African religion as malign. They also opposed many dominant practices then such as: both polygamy and witchcraft and focus instead on the "holiness movement".[1]
Today, many churches in Nigeria can be called "Aladura", since they have been influenced by this movement.
Divisions
[edit]The main Aladura churches with their founders are:
Pre-1960 Aladura
[edit]Some of the pre-1960s Aladura churches are also called "White Garment" churches.
Samuel A. A. Somoye[2]
- Church of the Lord (Aladura) 1918 at Abule Dada, Ogun State, Nigeria.
Moses Orimolade,
David O. Odunbanjo, Joseph Sadare, Oba Babalola Akinyele, Sophia Odunlami, and many others
- The Apostolic Church of Nigeria TAC (initially, Faith Terbanacle Church of Nigeria)
Joseph A. Babalola,
SBJ Oschoffa,
Post-1960 Aladura
[edit]J.O. Akindayomi,
W.F. Kumuyi
Post-2000 Aladura
[edit]Michael C. Egbo
- Kings Apostolic Christ Evangelical Mission KACEM
Pre-1960 Aladura
[edit]Eternal Sacred Order of Cherubim and Seraphim
[edit]Moses Orimolade Tunolase, who was later called Baba Aladura, or Praying Father, founded the Eternal Sacred Order of Cherubim and Seraphim in 1925, also as a prayer group within the Anglican Church. Captain Christiana Abiodun's adopted daughter fell into a trance and Moses Orimolade Tunolase, who was already an itinerant evangelist and teacher, was the only one who could awaken her. By 1925 they had left the Anglican church to become independent. Their most distinctive ministry was to openly identify and challenge witches on evangelistic journeys through the countryside. These long trips were typical of Cherubim and Seraphim (as they are most commonly called) evangelists and missionaries. Today the church is one of the most popular, most attractive and most influential of the Aladura churches worldwide.
The Apostolic Church and Christ Apostolic Church
[edit]The first Aladura movement emerged from St. Saviour's Anglican Church, Ijebu-Ode, Nigeria in 1918. The Sexton, Ali, related a dream to four church elders, J.B. Sadare, E.O. Onabanjo, D.C. Oduga and E.O.W. Olukoya. They started vigorous prayer sessions. They initiated the "Prayer Band", popularly called "Egbe Aladura". After D.O. Odubanjo joined the movement in 1919, they became influenced by the doctrines of the Faith Tabernacle of Philadelphia. They rejected infant baptism and all forms of medicine, whether western or traditional. This led to a doctrinal conflict with the Anglican Church and they were forced out of the church. Joseph Sadare was compelled to give up his post in the Synod and others were forced to resign their jobs and to withdraw their children from the Anglican School. The Aladura movement began as a renewal movement in search of true spirituality.[3]
A revival took place in 1918 during the influenza pandemic. The group filled with the Holy Ghost claim to have used prayer to save many lives affected by the epidemic. This consolidated the prayer group. The movement grew gradually and formed branches throughout Nigeria. The name of the group went through several changes, such as Prayer Band, Precious Stone, Diamond Society, and Faith Tabernacle, in that order, until 1930. A great revival started in July 1930 by the raising of a dead body by Apostle Joseph Ayo Babalola at Oke-Oye in Ilesa. People traveled from neighboring cities and countries to receive healing at Ilesa. Several people were healed through the power of prayer amid evidence of the baptism of the Holy Spirit. The revival lasted about 60 days and is regarded as the greatest revival ever in Nigeria. Faith Tabernacle of Nigeria later invited the Apostolic Church of England in 1931 to form an Association that lasted until 1939.
The Revival group went through additional name changes until, 24 years after its formation, it settled on the name Christ Apostolic Church (CAC) in 1942. Today, CAC has spread worldwide and is the precursor of Aladura Pentecostal Churches in Nigeria. The Church established schools at all levels, including Joseph Ayo Babalola University.[4]
Celestial Church of Christ
[edit]The Celestial Church of Christ (usually known as Cele) was founded in 1947 by Samuel Oshoffa in Porto Novo, Benin.
See also
[edit]
- Celestial Church of Christ
- Church of the Lord (Aladura)
- Christ Apostolic Church
- African Initiated Church
- New religious movement
References
[edit]- ^ "Aladura Churches in Nigeria". rlp.hds.harvard.edu.
- ^ YorubaGidiTV (2023). "FIRST WHITE GARMENT CHURCH IN NIGERIA". YouTube.
- ^ Abi Olowe; Great Revivals, Great Revivalist – Joseph Ayo Babalola, Omega Publishers, 2007
- ^ Abi Olowe, Babalola Miracle Center, Omega Publishers 2007
