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{{Short description|American and German artist (born 1944)}}
{{more footnotes|date=April 2012}}
{{Infobox artist
{{Infobox artist
| name = Andreas Nottebohm
| name = Andreas Nottebohm
| image = ANsculpture.jpg
| image = ANsculpture.jpg
| caption = Nottebohm sculpting in 2010
| caption = Nottebohm sculpting in 2010
| birth_date = {{birth date|1944|10|13|mf=y}}
| birth_date = {{birth date|1944|10|13|mf=y}}
| birth_place = [[Eisenach]], [[East Germany]]
| birth_place = [[Eisenach]], [[East Germany]]
| nationality = [[Germany|German]]/[[United States|American]]
| nationality = [[Germany|German]] / [[United States|American]]
| field = [[Painting]], [[Sculpture]]
| field = [[Painting]], [[Sculpture]]
| training = [[Academy of Fine Arts]], [[Munich]]
| training = [[Academy of Fine Arts]], [[Munich]]
| movement = [[Op Art]], [[Space Art]]
| movement = [[Op Art]], [[Space Art]]
| patrons =
| patrons =
| awards =
| awards =
}}
}}
'''Andreas Nottebohm''' (born October 13, 1944) is an American / German artist who is considered the key innovator of Metal Art,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Nordby |first=Jack |date=2010-05-23 |title=Crocker Artist Andreas Nottebohm- The King of Metal Art |url=https://www.sacramentopress.com/2010/05/22/crocker-artist-andreas-nottebohm-the-king-of-metal-art/ |access-date=2024-02-12 |website=Sacramento Press |language=en-US}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Citation |title=Andreas Nottebohm - Metal Art KN-2260 - Lahaina Galleries |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lVwLEEG6LEw |access-date=2024-02-12 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Gallery |first=Andrew Weiss |title=Andreas Nottebohm |url=https://www.andrewweissgallery.com/collections/andreas-nottebohm |access-date=2024-02-12 |website=Andrew Weiss Gallery |language=en}}</ref> and associated with [[Op art]], [[visionary art]], and [[space art]].
'''Andreas Nottebohm''', born in 1944, is an American/German artist whose work is associated with [[Op Art]],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://sanrafael.patch.com/articles/phantasmagoria |title=Archived copy |accessdate=2011-02-02 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110715051704/http://sanrafael.patch.com/articles/phantasmagoria |archivedate=2011-07-15 }}''Phantasmagoria'' Richard Rapaport, 2010. "If Nottebohm's work is to be compared, it might be with the Bauhaus-inspired "Op-Art" movement of Vasarely, Stella, Reilly and others in the mid-1960s..."</ref> [[visionary art]], and [[Space Art]]. He is considered one of the key innovators of Metal Painting.


==Life==
==Life==


Born and raised in [[Eisenach]], [[East Germany]], he moved to [[Munich]], [[West Germany]] as a teenager. From 1965 to 1969, he studied at the [[Academy of Fine Arts]] in [[Munich]] under [[surrealism|surrealist]] painter Mac Zimmermann. In 1968, he studied [[etching]] at [[Johnny Friedlaender]]'s workshop in [[Paris, France]]. From 1971 to 1974, he studied lithography in Salzburg, Austria. He returned to Munich in 1974. During the early 1970s, he first experimented with using metal as a canvas by utilizing used etching plates for his paintings.
Born and raised in [[Eisenach]], [[East Germany]], he moved to [[Munich]], [[West Germany]], as a teenager. From 1965 to 1969, he studied at the [[Academy of Fine Arts]] in [[Munich]] under [[surrealism|surrealist]] painter Mac Zimmermann. In 1968, he studied [[etching]] at [[Johnny Friedlaender]]'s workshop in [[Paris, France]]. From 1971 to 1974, he studied lithography in Salzburg, Austria. He returned to Munich in 1974. During the early 1970s, he first experimented with using metal as a canvas by utilizing used etching plates for his paintings.
Nottebohm first visited the [[United States]] for a one-man exhibition in 1978. After traveling throughout the United States, he chose to make the [[San Francisco Bay Area]] his home.
Nottebohm first visited the [[United States]] for a one-man exhibition in 1978. After traveling throughout the United States, he chose to make the [[San Francisco Bay Area]] his home.


==Career==
==Career==


Andreas Nottebohm first visited the United States for a one-man show with Galerie [[Ernst Hilger]] [Vienna] at WASH-ART in Washington, D.C. in 1978. Starting in 1981, [[NASA]] commissioned Nottebohm to create major works, including official paintings to commemorate the first launch of the [[space shuttle Columbia]] in 1981.<ref>[http://www.artsnova.com/nasaspaceartbook.html ''NASA/ART: 50 Years of Exploration''. New York: Abrams, 2008.]</ref>
Andreas Nottebohm first visited the United States for a one-man show with Galerie [[Ernst Hilger]] [Vienna] at WASH-ART in Washington, D.C., in 1978. Starting in 1981, [[NASA]] commissioned Nottebohm to create major works, including official paintings to commemorate the first launch of the [[Space Shuttle Columbia|Space Shuttle ''Columbia'']] in 1981.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.artsnova.com/nasaspaceartbook.html|title=Book Review: NASA/ART: 50 Years of Exploration|website=www.artsnova.com}}</ref>
His work has been featured in museums and galleries around the world including the permanent collections of the [[Crocker Art Museum]] in [[California]], the [[Nevada Museum of Art]], and the [[National Air and Space Museum|Air and Space Museum]] of the [[Smithsonian Institution]]. He has had over one hundred one-man shows in Europe and the United States.
His work has been featured in museums and galleries around the world including the permanent collections of the [[Crocker Art Museum]] in [[California]], the [[Nevada Museum of Art]], and the [[National Air and Space Museum|Air and Space Museum]] of the [[Smithsonian Institution]]. He has had over one hundred one-man shows in Europe and the United States.


==Critical assessment==
==Critical assessment==
* "Andreas Nottebohm, a true Art Prophet. He is an alchemist who transforms shimmering sheets of aluminum into what resemble the crosscurrents of life. If art is about getting the viewer to connect with an image, he's managed to do so---these works are mesmerizing."<ref>{{Cite book |last=Polsky |first=Richard |title=The art prophets: the artists, dealers, and tastemakers who shook the art world |date=2011 |publisher=Other Press |isbn=978-1-59051-406-1 |location=New York, NY}}</ref>
* "These raw yet refined paintings on aluminum lend themselves to rich multi-layered metaphors capable of continual regeneration... Nottebohm will be seen as a pioneer in a field that has just begun to be mined." ([[askArt]])<ref>[http://www.askart.com/AskART/artists/biography.aspx?searchtype=BIO&artist=130465 ''The Pure Metal Paintings of Andreas Nottebohm''. Harry Roche, SF By Area Art Critic and Curator at Large, March, 2006]</ref>
* "The artist has refined his rotary-sander technique over four decades to create calligraphic works on metal that possess dazzling depth and movement. As you move, so do the curvilinear ripple patterns. Layers of hologram-like depth testify to the artist’s interest in astrophysics and fractals, and make these “windows on the universe” infinitely variable."<ref>{{Cite web |title=Visual Art Source |url=https://www.visualartsource.com/index.php?page=editorial&pcID=17&aID=2648#sthash.yD1RkcxU.dpuf |access-date=2024-02-13 |website=www.visualartsource.com}}</ref>
* "Nottebohm would have to be "hands down" the King of metal art. There are many artists using metal today, but Andreas' art has more than set the standard. He has raised the bar to the point that very few, if any who come after him, will ever achieve his success". (''[[Sacramento Press]]'')<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.sacramentopress.com/headline/21438/Crocker_Artist_Andreas_Nottebohm_The_King_of_Metal_Art |title=Archived copy |accessdate=2011-02-02 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20101110013121/http://www.sacramentopress.com/headline/21438/Crocker_Artist_Andreas_Nottebohm_The_King_of_Metal_Art |archivedate=2010-11-10 }} ''Artist Andreas Nottebohm- The King of Metal Art''. Sacramento Press, 2010</ref>
* "Andreas' abstract metal artwork hang on your wall much like a painting with a 3-dimensional movement to it.  Andreas is the innovator of this process."<ref name=":0" />
* "The gravitational pull of Nottebohm’s “Raw Metal Works” commands and compels beyond mere abstraction. The viewer is presented with the luminescence of space, its limitless volume – and a sense of wonder at being on the threshold of exploration."<ref>{{Cite web |title=Andreas Nottebohm {{!}} Laura Rathe Fine Art |url=https://laurarathe.com/artist/andreas-nottebohm |access-date=2024-02-12 |website=laurarathe.com |language=en}}</ref>
* “The compelling metallic constructions of Andreas Nottebohm are at once seductive yet unnerving. They appear complex in their illusion of movement and yet seemingly elemental in form and texture.” Robert Flynn Johnson, Curator Emeritus, Achenbach Foundation for Graphic Arts, Fine Arts Museums of San Francisco
* "Nottebohm’s paintings go beyond the dialogue on painting’s nature to argue that there is more to the act of seeing than contemporary art criticism has recognized. He asserts with each reflection, and push-pull between surface and depth, that while infinite complexity may escape our reading, it nonetheless may be understood.” Lial A. Jones, Crocker Art Museum Director
* "Nottebohm’s raw yet refined paintings on aluminum lend themselves to rich multi-layered metaphors seemingly capable of continual regeneration that give viewers something very complex to look at and think about over time."<ref>{{Cite web |last=Art |date=2015-02-11 |title=Andreas Nottebohm (1944 – ) |url=https://farhatculturalcenter.wordpress.com/2015/02/11/andreas-nottebohm-1944/ |access-date=2024-02-12 |website=Farhat Cultural Center |language=en}}</ref>
* "If Nottebohm's work is to be compared, it might be with the Bauhaus-inspired "Op-Art" movement of Vasarely, Stella, Reilly and others in the mid-1960s..."<ref>{{cite web |title="PHANTASMAGORIA" - San Rafael, CA Patch |url=http://sanrafael.patch.com/articles/phantasmagoria |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110715051704/http://sanrafael.patch.com/articles/phantasmagoria |archivedate=2011-07-15 |accessdate=2011-02-02}}''Phantasmagoria'' Richard Rapaport, 2010.</ref>
* “Experiencing Nottebohm’s work is to take yourself on a journey to the unknowable... It is a journey of amazement.”<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title=Andreas Nottebohm: Raw Metal |url=https://artmuseum.arizona.edu/events/event/andreas-nottebohm-raw-metal |access-date=2024-02-12 |website=The University of Arizona Museum of Art and Archive of Visual Arts |language=en-US}}</ref>
* “The painter Nottebohm penetrates into the inner secrets of the cosmos.”<ref name="Institution">{{Cite web |last=Institution |first=Smithsonian |title=State of the Universe |url=https://www.si.edu/exhibitions/state-universe-event-exhib-3546 |access-date=2024-02-12 |website=Smithsonian Institution |language=en}}</ref>


== Selected Museums and Collections ==
== Selected museums and collections ==
*[[Adonal Foyle]], Oakland, CA
*[[Adonal Foyle]], Oakland, California
*Art in Embassies, U.S. Department of State<ref>{{Cite web |title=Andreas Nottebohm – U.S. Department of State |url=https://art.state.gov/personnel/andreas_nottebohm/ |access-date=2024-02-12 |language=en-US}}</ref>
*Association of the Friends [[Haus der Kunst]], [[Munich]]
*Association of the Friends [[Haus der Kunst]], [[Munich]]
*[[Bell Atlantic]]
*[[Bell Atlantic]]
*[[Crocker Art Museum]], [[Sacramento, CA]]
*[[Crocker Art Museum]], [[Sacramento, California]]
*[[Embassy of Germany, Canberra]], [[Australia]]
*[[Embassy of Germany, Canberra]], [[Australia]]
*[[German Bundestag]] (Congress), [[Bonn]]
*[[German Bundestag]] (Congress), [[Bonn]]
*[[Geico]]
*[[Geico]]
*[[Hughes Aircraft]]
*[[Hughes Aircraft]]
*[[Iomega]], UT
*[[Iomega]], Utah
*iSearch Media, Inc., San Francisco, CA
*iSearch Media, Inc., San Francisco, California
*Karl Kreuzer, Germany<ref>http://www.karlkreuzer.de/64399.html</ref>
*Karl Kreuzer, Germany<ref>http://www.karlkreuzer.de/64399.html {{Bare URL inline|date=August 2024}}</ref>
*[[Kennedy Space Center]], [[NASA]] Art Gallery
*[[Kennedy Space Center]], [[NASA]] Art Gallery
*[[Museum of Modern Art, Rio de Janeiro]]
*[[Museum of Modern Art, Rio de Janeiro]]
*[[Nevada Museum of Art]], [[Reno, NV]]
*[[Nevada Museum of Art]], [[Reno, Nevada]]
*Collection of the [[Free Library of Philadelphia]]
*Collection of the [[Free Library of Philadelphia]]
*City of [[Salzburg]]
*City of [[Salzburg]]
*[[Satellite Business Systems]]
*[[Satellite Business Systems]]
*[[Smithsonian Institution]]
*[[Smithsonian Institution]]<ref name="Institution"/>
*{{ill|Sparkasse Schweinfurt-Haßberge|de}}, [[Schweinfurt]]
*{{ill|Sparkasse Schweinfurt-Haßberge|de}}, [[Schweinfurt]]
*[[Stephen W. Hawking]]: Portfolio A Brief History of My Time
*[[Stephen W. Hawking]]: Portfolio A Brief History of My Time


== Selected Productions and Credits ==
== Selected productions and credits ==
*[[NASA]] 25th Anniversary CNN television special
*[[NASA]] 25th Anniversary CNN television special
*"In the Stream of Stars",<ref>{{Cite book|isbn=0894807056|title=In the Stream of Stars: The Soviet/American Space Art Book|last1=Hartmann|first1=William K.|year=1990}}</ref> a Soviet-American space art book.
*"In the Stream of Stars",<ref>{{Cite book|isbn=0894807056|title=In the Stream of Stars: The Soviet/American Space Art Book|last1=Hartmann|first1=William K.|year=1990|publisher=Workman Pub. }}</ref> a Soviet-American space art book.
*Painting "Dreams of Space" official poster of [[EXPO 86]] World's Fair in [[Vancouver]], British Columbia, Canada.
*Painting "Dreams of Space" official poster of [[EXPO 86]] World's Fair in [[Vancouver]], British Columbia, Canada.
*Painting "First Night Launch" used as center foldout by OMNI magazine for May 1986 issue dedicated to the memory of the [[Challenger Seven]] crew.
*Painting "First Night Launch" used as center foldout by ''OMNI'' magazine for May 1986 issue dedicated to the memory of the [[Challenger Seven|''Challenger'' Seven]] crew.
*Lecture and slide show of photos from the launch of Columbia and paintings with astronomer Reinhard Breuer, from the [[Max Planck Institute]]
*Lecture and slide show of photos from the launch of ''Columbia'' and paintings with astronomer Reinhard Breuer, from the [[Max Planck Institute]]
*Article in ''Zoom Magazine'' on [[space shuttle Columbia]] launch and Closest Encounter with Saturn.
*Article in ''Zoom Magazine'' on [[Space Shuttle Columbia|Space Shuttle ''Columbia'']] launch and Closest Encounter with Saturn.
*"Astropoeticon, Hommage a Pink Floyd",<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://www.amazon.com/dp/B002PDXAMU|title=Astropoeticon, Hommage a Pink Floyd|date=January 1979}}</ref> hardcover artbook with 39 original paintings and text by H.F. Franke
*"Astropoeticon, Hommage a Pink Floyd",<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://www.amazon.com/dp/B002PDXAMU|title=Astropoeticon, Hommage a Pink Floyd|date=January 1979}}</ref> hardcover artbook with 39 original paintings and text by H.F. Franke


==Current Project==
==Current project==


Nottebohm is currently completing a ten-year project with [[Pete Sears]] of [[Jefferson Starship]], [[Hot Tuna]], and [[Moonalice]], which combines twelve pure metal artworks with twelve "out-on-the-edge" pieces of experimental music.<ref>[http://dmme.net/interviews/sears1.html "Let it Rock, Pete Sears Interview"]</ref>
Nottebohm is currently in the process of completing a ten-year project with [[Pete Sears]] of [[Jefferson Starship]], [[Hot Tuna]], and [[Moonalice]], which combines twelve pure metal artworks with twelve "out-on-the-edge" pieces of experimental music.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://dmme.net/interviews/sears1.html|title="Let it Rock, Pete Sears Interview"}}</ref>


==30 Year Retrospective==
==30-year retrospective==


Nottebohm's first museum retrospective opened at the [[University of Arizona]] Art Museum, on May 28, 2011, and ran through September 2011.<ref>[http://www.newgallery.net/pages/artists/andreas_nottebohm_11_Zenith2.html Archived] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111122102704/http://www.newgallery.net/pages/artists/andreas_nottebohm_11_Zenith2.html |date=2011-11-22 }} New Gallery Exhibition, "Zenith II"</ref>
Nottebohm's first museum retrospective opened at the [[University of Arizona]] Art Museum, on May 28, 2011, and ran through September 2011.<ref name=":1" />


==References==
==References==
Line 73: Line 82:
==External links==
==External links==
* {{commons category-inline}}
* {{commons category-inline}}
* {{official|http://www.andreasnottebohm.com }}
* {{official website|http://www.andreasnottebohm.com }}
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20120522075305/http://www.newgalleryhouston.com/artists.html Andreas Nottebohm At New Gallery Houston]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20120522075305/http://www.newgalleryhouston.com/artists.html Andreas Nottebohm At New Gallery Houston]
* [http://www.artnet.com/artwork/426106471/763/-andreas-nottebohm-phantasmoagoria-november-23-2010---february-27-2011.html Artnet Website]
* [http://www.artnet.com/artwork/426106471/763/-andreas-nottebohm-phantasmoagoria-november-23-2010---february-27-2011.html Artnet Website]

Latest revision as of 13:31, 28 August 2024

Andreas Nottebohm
Nottebohm sculpting in 2010
Born(1944-10-13)October 13, 1944
Eisenach, East Germany
NationalityGerman / American
EducationAcademy of Fine Arts, Munich
Known forPainting, Sculpture
MovementOp Art, Space Art

Andreas Nottebohm (born October 13, 1944) is an American / German artist who is considered the key innovator of Metal Art,[1][2][3] and associated with Op art, visionary art, and space art.

Life

[edit]

Born and raised in Eisenach, East Germany, he moved to Munich, West Germany, as a teenager. From 1965 to 1969, he studied at the Academy of Fine Arts in Munich under surrealist painter Mac Zimmermann. In 1968, he studied etching at Johnny Friedlaender's workshop in Paris, France. From 1971 to 1974, he studied lithography in Salzburg, Austria. He returned to Munich in 1974. During the early 1970s, he first experimented with using metal as a canvas by utilizing used etching plates for his paintings. Nottebohm first visited the United States for a one-man exhibition in 1978. After traveling throughout the United States, he chose to make the San Francisco Bay Area his home.

Career

[edit]

Andreas Nottebohm first visited the United States for a one-man show with Galerie Ernst Hilger [Vienna] at WASH-ART in Washington, D.C., in 1978. Starting in 1981, NASA commissioned Nottebohm to create major works, including official paintings to commemorate the first launch of the Space Shuttle Columbia in 1981.[4] His work has been featured in museums and galleries around the world including the permanent collections of the Crocker Art Museum in California, the Nevada Museum of Art, and the Air and Space Museum of the Smithsonian Institution. He has had over one hundred one-man shows in Europe and the United States.

Critical assessment

[edit]
  • "Andreas Nottebohm, a true Art Prophet. He is an alchemist who transforms shimmering sheets of aluminum into what resemble the crosscurrents of life. If art is about getting the viewer to connect with an image, he's managed to do so---these works are mesmerizing."[5]
  • "The artist has refined his rotary-sander technique over four decades to create calligraphic works on metal that possess dazzling depth and movement. As you move, so do the curvilinear ripple patterns. Layers of hologram-like depth testify to the artist’s interest in astrophysics and fractals, and make these “windows on the universe” infinitely variable."[6]
  • "Andreas' abstract metal artwork hang on your wall much like a painting with a 3-dimensional movement to it.  Andreas is the innovator of this process."[2]
  • "The gravitational pull of Nottebohm’s “Raw Metal Works” commands and compels beyond mere abstraction. The viewer is presented with the luminescence of space, its limitless volume – and a sense of wonder at being on the threshold of exploration."[7]
  • “The compelling metallic constructions of Andreas Nottebohm are at once seductive yet unnerving. They appear complex in their illusion of movement and yet seemingly elemental in form and texture.” Robert Flynn Johnson, Curator Emeritus, Achenbach Foundation for Graphic Arts, Fine Arts Museums of San Francisco
  • "Nottebohm’s paintings go beyond the dialogue on painting’s nature to argue that there is more to the act of seeing than contemporary art criticism has recognized. He asserts with each reflection, and push-pull between surface and depth, that while infinite complexity may escape our reading, it nonetheless may be understood.” Lial A. Jones, Crocker Art Museum Director
  • "Nottebohm’s raw yet refined paintings on aluminum lend themselves to rich multi-layered metaphors seemingly capable of continual regeneration that give viewers something very complex to look at and think about over time."[8]
  • "If Nottebohm's work is to be compared, it might be with the Bauhaus-inspired "Op-Art" movement of Vasarely, Stella, Reilly and others in the mid-1960s..."[9]
  • “Experiencing Nottebohm’s work is to take yourself on a journey to the unknowable... It is a journey of amazement.”[10]
  • “The painter Nottebohm penetrates into the inner secrets of the cosmos.”[11]

Selected museums and collections

[edit]

Selected productions and credits

[edit]
  • NASA 25th Anniversary CNN television special
  • "In the Stream of Stars",[14] a Soviet-American space art book.
  • Painting "Dreams of Space" official poster of EXPO 86 World's Fair in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
  • Painting "First Night Launch" used as center foldout by OMNI magazine for May 1986 issue dedicated to the memory of the Challenger Seven crew.
  • Lecture and slide show of photos from the launch of Columbia and paintings with astronomer Reinhard Breuer, from the Max Planck Institute
  • Article in Zoom Magazine on Space Shuttle Columbia launch and Closest Encounter with Saturn.
  • "Astropoeticon, Hommage a Pink Floyd",[15] hardcover artbook with 39 original paintings and text by H.F. Franke

Current project

[edit]

Nottebohm is currently in the process of completing a ten-year project with Pete Sears of Jefferson Starship, Hot Tuna, and Moonalice, which combines twelve pure metal artworks with twelve "out-on-the-edge" pieces of experimental music.[16]

30-year retrospective

[edit]

Nottebohm's first museum retrospective opened at the University of Arizona Art Museum, on May 28, 2011, and ran through September 2011.[10]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Nordby, Jack (2010-05-23). "Crocker Artist Andreas Nottebohm- The King of Metal Art". Sacramento Press. Retrieved 2024-02-12.
  2. ^ a b Andreas Nottebohm - Metal Art KN-2260 - Lahaina Galleries, retrieved 2024-02-12
  3. ^ Gallery, Andrew Weiss. "Andreas Nottebohm". Andrew Weiss Gallery. Retrieved 2024-02-12.
  4. ^ "Book Review: NASA/ART: 50 Years of Exploration". www.artsnova.com.
  5. ^ Polsky, Richard (2011). The art prophets: the artists, dealers, and tastemakers who shook the art world. New York, NY: Other Press. ISBN 978-1-59051-406-1.
  6. ^ "Visual Art Source". www.visualartsource.com. Retrieved 2024-02-13.
  7. ^ "Andreas Nottebohm | Laura Rathe Fine Art". laurarathe.com. Retrieved 2024-02-12.
  8. ^ Art (2015-02-11). "Andreas Nottebohm (1944 – )". Farhat Cultural Center. Retrieved 2024-02-12.
  9. ^ ""PHANTASMAGORIA" - San Rafael, CA Patch". Archived from the original on 2011-07-15. Retrieved 2011-02-02.Phantasmagoria Richard Rapaport, 2010.
  10. ^ a b "Andreas Nottebohm: Raw Metal". The University of Arizona Museum of Art and Archive of Visual Arts. Retrieved 2024-02-12.
  11. ^ a b Institution, Smithsonian. "State of the Universe". Smithsonian Institution. Retrieved 2024-02-12.
  12. ^ "Andreas Nottebohm – U.S. Department of State". Retrieved 2024-02-12.
  13. ^ http://www.karlkreuzer.de/64399.html [bare URL]
  14. ^ Hartmann, William K. (1990). In the Stream of Stars: The Soviet/American Space Art Book. Workman Pub. ISBN 0894807056.
  15. ^ Astropoeticon, Hommage a Pink Floyd. January 1979.
  16. ^ ""Let it Rock, Pete Sears Interview"".
[edit]
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