B-10 recoilless rifle: Difference between revisions

B-10 recoilless rifle
B-10 recoilless rifle
	B-10 recoilless rifle in Batey ha-Osef Museum, Israel.
Type	Recoilless rifle
Place of origin	Soviet Union
Service history
In service	1954–1980s (USSR)
Used by	Soviet Union; other users
Wars	Vietnam War; Cambodian Civil War; Laotian Civil War; Yom Kippur War; Portuguese Colonial War; Lebanese Civil War; Western Sahara War; Angolan Civil War; Lord's Resistance Army insurgency; Iran–Iraq War; Somali Civil War; Gulf War; Third Sudanese Civil War; Libyan Civil War; Syrian Civil War; Iraqi Civil War; Yemeni Civil War (2015-present)[citation needed]; Conflict in Najran, Jizan and Asir
Production history
Designer	KBM (Kolomna)
Variants	Type 65
Specifications
Mass	85.3 kg (188 lbs); 71.7 kg (158 lbs); without wheels
Length	1.85 m (6 ft); travel position
Barrel length	1.66 m (5 ft 5 in)
Crew	4
Caliber	82 mm (3.22 in)
Action	Single shot
Carriage	Two wheeled with integrated tripod
Elevation	-20/+35°
Traverse	250° in each direction for 360 total.
Rate of fire	5 to 7 rpm
Effective firing range	400 m (437 yds)
Maximum firing range	4,500 m (4,921 yds)
Feed system	Breech loaded
Sights	Optical (PBO-2)

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The B-10 recoilless rifle (Bezotkatnojie orudie-10, known as the RG82 in East Germany)^[7] is a Soviet 82 mm smoothbore recoilless gun.^[8] It could be carried on the rear of a BTR-50 armoured personnel carrier. It was a development of the earlier SPG-82, and entered Soviet service during 1954. It was phased out of service in the Soviet Army in the 1960s and replaced by the SPG-9, remaining in service with parachute units at least until the 1980s. Although now obsolete it was used by many countries during the Cold War.^[9]^[10]

Description

The weapon consists of a large barrel, with a PBO-2 sight mounted to the left. It is mounted on a small carriage, which has two large wheels, which can be removed. The carriage has an integrated tripod, from which the weapon is normally fired. A small wheel is fitted to the front of the barrel to prevent it touching the ground while being towed. It is normally towed by vehicle, although it can be towed by its four-man crew for short distances using the tow handle fitted to either side of the muzzle.

The tripod can be deployed in two positions providing either a good field of fire or a low silhouette. Rounds are inserted into the weapon through the breech, and percussion fired using a pistol grip to the right of the barrel. The PBO-2 optical sight has a 5.5x zoom direct fire sight, and a 2.5x zoom sight for indirect fire.

Variants

Type 65 – Chinese version that weighs only 28.2 kg with a tripod mount and no wheels.^[9]
Type 65-1 – Chinese lightenend version (26 kg)^[11]
Type 78 - Chinese lightened version^[9]
RG 82 – East Germany version^[7]

Ammunition

BK-881 – HEAT-FS 3.87 kg. 0.46 kg of RDX. GK-2 PIBD fuze.
BK-881M – HEAT-FS 4.11 kg. 0.54 kg of RDX. GK-2M PDIBD fuze. 240 mm versus RHA. Muzzle velocity 322 m/s.
O-881A – HE-FRAG 3.90 kg. 0.46 kg of TNT/dinitronaphthalene. GK-2 fuze. Muzzle velocity 320 m/s. Indirect fire maximum range 4500 m.
Type 65 (Chinese) – HEAT 3.5 kg. 356 mm versus RHA. Muzzle velocity 240 m/s.
Type 65 (Chinese) – HE-FRAG 4.6 kg. Warhead contains approx 780 balls – lethal radius 20 m. Muzzle velocity 175 m/s. Max range 1750 m.

Users

Afghanistan^[12]
- Taliban
Algeria: 120 as of 2016^[update]^[13]
Angola^[11]^[14]
Bulgaria^[11]
Cambodia^[11]^[15]
Chad^[11]
China^[9]^[16]
Egypt^[11]
Ethiopia^[17]
Guinea^[11]^[18]
Guinea-Bissau^[11]^[19]
Iran^[20]
Iraq^[21]
Libya^[6]
Mozambique^[11]^[22]
Myanmar: Copy producing as MA-14.^[23]^[24]
Namibia^[25]
Nicaragua^[26]
North Korea:^[11] 1,700 as of 2016^[update]^[27]
Pakistan
Palestine Liberation Organization^[28]
Poland^[11]
SADR^[29]
Somalia^[30]
Sudan^[31]
Syria^[11]
- Free Syrian Army^[32]^{[better source needed]}
Togo: Type 65 variant^[11]^[33]
Vietnam:^[11] B-10^[1] and Type 65 variants^[34]
Yemen^{[citation needed]}

Non-state users

Former operators

References

^ ^a ^b Ezell, Edward Clinton (1988). Personal firepower. The Illustrated history of the Vietnam War 15. Bantam Books. pp. 142–144. ISBN 9780553345490. OCLC 1036801376.
^ David Campbell (2016). Israeli Soldier vs Syrian Soldier : Golan Heights 1967–73. Combat 18. illustrated by Johnny Shumate. Osprey Publishing. p. 78. ISBN 9781472813305. Archived from the original on 2018-09-30. Retrieved 2018-10-01.
^ Neville, Leigh (19 Apr 2018). Technicals: Non-Standard Tactical Vehicles from the Great Toyota War to modern Special Forces. New Vanguard 257. Osprey Publishing. p. 15. ISBN 9781472822512. Archived from the original on 26 October 2018. Retrieved 25 October 2018.
^ Fitzsimmons, Scott (November 2012). "Executive Outcomes Defeats UNITA". Mercenaries in Asymmetric Conflicts. Cambridge University Press. p. 217. doi:10.1017/CBO9781139208727.006. ISBN 9781107026919.
^ Neville 2018.
^ ^a ^b Neville 2018, p. 12.
^ ^a ^b ^c Jenzen-Jones, N. R. (December 2015). "Recoilless Weapons" (PDF). Small Arms Survey Research Notes (55). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2016-03-14. Retrieved 2018-04-02.
^ Technically, only devices fired projectiles from a rifled barrel are called recoilless rifles, while smoothbore variants are called recoilless guns. This distinction is often lost, however, and both are often called recoilless rifles. From Julio, S. (April 1953), Las Armas Modernas de Infantería
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d "B-10 - Weaponsystems.net". weaponsystems.net. Archived from the original on 2017-06-29. Retrieved 2018-08-30.
^ Shinn, David H.; Eisenman, Joshua (10 July 2012). China and Africa: A Century of Engagement. University of Pennsylvania Press. ISBN 978-0812208009. Archived from the original on 2 April 2018. Retrieved 2 April 2018 – via Google Books.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ Jones, Richard D. Jane's Infantry Weapons 2009/2010. Jane's Information Group; 35 edition (January 27, 2009). ISBN 978-0-7106-2869-5.
^ Bhatia, Michael Vinai; Sedra, Mark (May 2008). Small Arms Survey (ed.). Afghanistan, Arms and Conflict: Armed Groups, Disarmament and Security in a Post-War Society. Routledge. p. 66. ISBN 978-0-415-45308-0. Archived from the original on 2018-09-01. Retrieved 2018-09-01.
^ Military Balance 2016, p. 320.
^ Military Balance 2016, p. 429.
^ Military Balance 2016, p. 239.
^ Military Balance 2016, p. 242.
^ Military Balance 2016, p. 445.
^ Military Balance 2016, p. 449.
^ Military Balance 2016, p. 450.
^ Military Balance 2016, p. 328.
^ Rottman, Gordon L. (1993). Armies of the Gulf War. Elite 45. Osprey Publishing. p. 49. ISBN 9781855322776.
^ Military Balance 2016, p. 458.
^ Maung, Aung Myoe (2009). Building the Tatmadaw: Myanmar Armed Forces Since 1948. Institute of Southeast Asian Studies. p. 107. ISBN 978-981-230-848-1.
^ Gander, Terry J. (22 November 2000). "National inventories, Myanmar (Burma)". Jane's Infantry Weapons 2001-2002. p. 3112.
^ Military Balance 2016, p. 459.
^ Military Balance 2016, p. 406.
^ Military Balance 2016, p. 265.
^ Zaloga, Steven J. (2003). Tank battles of the Mid-East Wars (2): The wars of 1973 to the present. Hong Kong: Concord Publications. p. 52. ISBN 962-361-613-9.
^ Salvador López de la Torre (20 November 1984). "El fracaso militar del Polisario: Smul Niran, una catástrofe de la guerrilla". ABC (in Spanish): 32–33. Archived from the original on 7 July 2018. Retrieved 1 September 2018.
^ Small Arms Survey (2012). "Surveying the Battlefield: Illicit Arms In Afghanistan, Iraq, and Somalia". Small Arms Survey 2012: Moving Targets. Cambridge University Press. pp. 339, 342. ISBN 978-0-521-19714-4. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2018-08-31. Retrieved 2018-08-30.
^ ^a ^b "SPLA-N weapons and equipment, South Kordofan, December 2012" (PDF). HSBA Arms and Ammunition Tracing Desk. Small Arms Survey: 9. February 2013. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2016-03-22. Retrieved 2019-01-02.
^ Worldwide Military Videos (14 April 2014). "Syrian Rebels Fire B10 Recoiless(sic) Rifle". Archived from the original on 2021-12-19 – via YouTube.
^ Military Balance 2016, p. 474.
^ Military Balance 2016, p. 297.
^ Bender, Jeremy (17 Nov 2014). "As ISIS Continues To Gain Ground, Here's What The Militants Have In Their Arsenal". Business Insider. Archived from the original on 7 November 2018. Retrieved 7 November 2018.
^ Small Arms Survey (2006). "Fuelling Fear: The Lord's Resistance Army and Small Arms". Small Arms Survey 2006: Unfinished Business. Oxford University Press. p. 283. ISBN 978-0-19-929848-8. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2018-08-30. Retrieved 2018-08-29.
^ Military Balance 2016, p. 492.
^ V. Hogg, Ian (1988). Jane's infantry weapons 1988-89 (14th ed.). London: Jane's Pub. Co. p. 405. ISBN 978-0710608574.

International Institute for Strategic Studies (February 2016). The Military Balance 2016. Vol. 116. Routlegde. ISBN 9781857438352.
Artillery of the World, Christopher F. Foss, ISBN 0-7110-0505-2
Brassey's Infantry Weapons of the World, J.I.H. Owen, Loc number 74-20627

External links

(in Russian) A history of the B-10.

[Vietnam-1] Ezell, Edward Clinton (1988). Personal firepower. The Illustrated history of the Vietnam War 15. Bantam Books. pp. 142–144. ISBN 9780553345490. OCLC 1036801376.

[syria-2] David Campbell (2016). Israeli Soldier vs Syrian Soldier : Golan Heights 1967–73. Combat 18. illustrated by Johnny Shumate. Osprey Publishing. p. 78. ISBN 9781472813305. Archived from the original on 2018-09-30. Retrieved 2018-10-01.

[3] Neville, Leigh (19 Apr 2018). Technicals: Non-Standard Tactical Vehicles from the Great Toyota War to modern Special Forces. New Vanguard 257. Osprey Publishing. p. 15. ISBN 9781472822512. Archived from the original on 26 October 2018. Retrieved 25 October 2018.

[4] Fitzsimmons, Scott (November 2012). "Executive Outcomes Defeats UNITA". Mercenaries in Asymmetric Conflicts. Cambridge University Press. p. 217. doi:10.1017/CBO9781139208727.006. ISBN 9781107026919.

[FOOTNOTENeville2018-5] Neville 2018.

[FOOTNOTENeville201812-6] Neville 2018, p. 12.

[SAS_55-7] Jenzen-Jones, N. R. (December 2015). "Recoilless Weapons" (PDF). Small Arms Survey Research Notes (55). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2016-03-14. Retrieved 2018-04-02.

[8] Technically, only devices fired projectiles from a rifled barrel are called recoilless rifles, while smoothbore variants are called recoilless guns. This distinction is often lost, however, and both are often called recoilless rifles. From Julio, S. (April 1953), Las Armas Modernas de Infantería

[WS-9] "B-10 - Weaponsystems.net". weaponsystems.net. Archived from the original on 2017-06-29. Retrieved 2018-08-30.

[10] Shinn, David H.; Eisenman, Joshua (10 July 2012). China and Africa: A Century of Engagement. University of Pennsylvania Press. ISBN 978-0812208009. Archived from the original on 2 April 2018. Retrieved 2 April 2018 – via Google Books.

[jones2009-11] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ Jones, Richard D. Jane's Infantry Weapons 2009/2010. Jane's Information Group; 35 edition (January 27, 2009). ISBN 978-0-7106-2869-5.

[12] Bhatia, Michael Vinai; Sedra, Mark (May 2008). Small Arms Survey (ed.). Afghanistan, Arms and Conflict: Armed Groups, Disarmament and Security in a Post-War Society. Routledge. p. 66. ISBN 978-0-415-45308-0. Archived from the original on 2018-09-01. Retrieved 2018-09-01.

[FOOTNOTEMilitary_Balance_2016320-13] Military Balance 2016, p. 320.

[FOOTNOTEMilitary_Balance_2016429-14] Military Balance 2016, p. 429.

[FOOTNOTEMilitary_Balance_2016239-15] Military Balance 2016, p. 239.

[FOOTNOTEMilitary_Balance_2016242-16] Military Balance 2016, p. 242.

[FOOTNOTEMilitary_Balance_2016445-17] Military Balance 2016, p. 445.

[FOOTNOTEMilitary_Balance_2016449-18] Military Balance 2016, p. 449.

[FOOTNOTEMilitary_Balance_2016450-19] Military Balance 2016, p. 450.

[FOOTNOTEMilitary_Balance_2016328-20] Military Balance 2016, p. 328.

[gulf-21] Rottman, Gordon L. (1993). Armies of the Gulf War. Elite 45. Osprey Publishing. p. 49. ISBN 9781855322776.

[FOOTNOTEMilitary_Balance_2016458-22] Military Balance 2016, p. 458.

[23] Maung, Aung Myoe (2009). Building the Tatmadaw: Myanmar Armed Forces Since 1948. Institute of Southeast Asian Studies. p. 107. ISBN 978-981-230-848-1.

[24] Gander, Terry J. (22 November 2000). "National inventories, Myanmar (Burma)". Jane's Infantry Weapons 2001-2002. p. 3112.

[FOOTNOTEMilitary_Balance_2016459-25] Military Balance 2016, p. 459.

[FOOTNOTEMilitary_Balance_2016406-26] Military Balance 2016, p. 406.

[FOOTNOTEMilitary_Balance_2016265-27] Military Balance 2016, p. 265.

[28] Zaloga, Steven J. (2003). Tank battles of the Mid-East Wars (2): The wars of 1973 to the present. Hong Kong: Concord Publications. p. 52. ISBN 962-361-613-9.

[ABC_catastrofe-29] Salvador López de la Torre (20 November 1984). "El fracaso militar del Polisario: Smul Niran, una catástrofe de la guerrilla". ABC (in Spanish): 32–33. Archived from the original on 7 July 2018. Retrieved 1 September 2018.

[SAS_2012_10-30] Small Arms Survey (2012). "Surveying the Battlefield: Illicit Arms In Afghanistan, Iraq, and Somalia". Small Arms Survey 2012: Moving Targets. Cambridge University Press. pp. 339, 342. ISBN 978-0-521-19714-4. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2018-08-31. Retrieved 2018-08-30.

[SAS_Kordofan-31] "SPLA-N weapons and equipment, South Kordofan, December 2012" (PDF). HSBA Arms and Ammunition Tracing Desk. Small Arms Survey: 9. February 2013. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2016-03-22. Retrieved 2019-01-02.

[32] Worldwide Military Videos (14 April 2014). "Syrian Rebels Fire B10 Recoiless(sic) Rifle". Archived from the original on 2021-12-19 – via YouTube.

[FOOTNOTEMilitary_Balance_2016474-33] Military Balance 2016, p. 474.

[FOOTNOTEMilitary_Balance_2016297-34] Military Balance 2016, p. 297.

[35] Bender, Jeremy (17 Nov 2014). "As ISIS Continues To Gain Ground, Here's What The Militants Have In Their Arsenal". Business Insider. Archived from the original on 7 November 2018. Retrieved 7 November 2018.

[SAS_2006_11-36] Small Arms Survey (2006). "Fuelling Fear: The Lord's Resistance Army and Small Arms". Small Arms Survey 2006: Unfinished Business. Oxford University Press. p. 283. ISBN 978-0-19-929848-8. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2018-08-30. Retrieved 2018-08-29.

[FOOTNOTEMilitary_Balance_2016492-37] Military Balance 2016, p. 492.

[38] V. Hogg, Ian (1988). Jane's infantry weapons 1988-89 (14th ed.). London: Jane's Pub. Co. p. 405. ISBN 978-0710608574.

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@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
-{{Short description|Type of Recoilless rifle}}
+{{Short description|Soviet recoilless gun}}
 {{Infobox weapon
 |name=B-10 recoilless rifle
@@ Line 13: / Line 13: @@
 |service=1954–1980s (USSR)
 |used_by=Soviet Union<br />[[#Users|other users]]
-|wars=[[Vietnam War]]<ref name="Vietnam"/><br>[[Yom Kippur War]]<ref name ="syria">{{cite book|author= David Campbell|others= illustrated by Johnny Shumate|title= Israeli Soldier vs Syrian Soldier : Golan Heights 1967–73|series= Combat 18|year= 2016|publisher= [[Osprey Publishing]]|page= 78|url= https://books.google.com/books?id=_7MODAAAQBAJ|isbn= 9781472813305|access-date= 2018-10-01|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20180930232108/https://books.google.fr/books?id=_7MODAAAQBAJ|archive-date= 2018-09-30|url-status = live}}</ref><br />[[Lebanese Civil War]]<ref>{{cite book|title=Technicals: Non-Standard Tactical Vehicles from the Great Toyota War to modern Special Forces|series=New Vanguard 257|first=Leigh|last=Neville|date=19 Apr 2018|isbn=9781472822512|publisher=Osprey Publishing|page=15|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=mGlPDwAAQBAJ|access-date=25 October 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181026064443/https://books.google.fr/books?id=mGlPDwAAQBAJ|archive-date=26 October 2018|url-status = live}}</ref><br />[[Western Sahara War]]<br>[[Angolan Civil War]]<ref>{{cite book|chapter= Executive Outcomes Defeats UNITA|title=Mercenaries in Asymmetric Conflicts|first=Scott|last= Fitzsimmons|date=November 2012|isbn=9781107026919|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=sZfGYsrEIBEC|page=217|publisher=[[Cambridge University Press]]|doi=10.1017/CBO9781139208727.006}}</ref><br>[[Lord's Resistance Army insurgency]]<br>[[Iran–Iraq War]]<br />[[Somali Civil War]]{{sfn|Neville|2018|p=}}<br>[[Gulf War]]<br>[[Sudanese conflict in South Kordofan and Blue Nile|Third Sudanese Civil War]]<br>[[Libyan Civil War]]{{sfn|Neville|2018|p=12}}<br />[[Syrian Civil War]]<br>[[Iraqi Civil War (2014–2017)|Iraqi Civil War]]<br>[[Yemeni Civil War (2015-present)]]{{citation needed|date=July 2021}}<br>[[Conflict in Najran, Jizan and Asir]]
+|wars=[[Vietnam War]]<ref name="Vietnam"/><br />[[Cambodian Civil War]]<br />[[Laotian Civil War]]<br />[[Yom Kippur War]]<ref name ="syria">{{cite book|author= David Campbell|others= illustrated by Johnny Shumate|title= Israeli Soldier vs Syrian Soldier : Golan Heights 1967–73|series= Combat 18|year= 2016|publisher= [[Osprey Publishing]]|page= 78|url= https://books.google.com/books?id=_7MODAAAQBAJ|isbn= 9781472813305|access-date= 2018-10-01|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20180930232108/https://books.google.fr/books?id=_7MODAAAQBAJ|archive-date= 2018-09-30|url-status = live}}</ref><br />[[Portuguese Colonial War]]<br />[[Lebanese Civil War]]<ref>{{cite book|title=Technicals: Non-Standard Tactical Vehicles from the Great Toyota War to modern Special Forces|series=New Vanguard 257|first=Leigh|last=Neville|date=19 Apr 2018|isbn=9781472822512|publisher=Osprey Publishing|page=15|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=mGlPDwAAQBAJ|access-date=25 October 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181026064443/https://books.google.fr/books?id=mGlPDwAAQBAJ|archive-date=26 October 2018|url-status = live}}</ref><br />[[Western Sahara War]]<br>[[Angolan Civil War]]<ref>{{cite book|chapter= Executive Outcomes Defeats UNITA|title=Mercenaries in Asymmetric Conflicts|first=Scott|last= Fitzsimmons|date=November 2012|isbn=9781107026919|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=sZfGYsrEIBEC|page=217|publisher=[[Cambridge University Press]]|doi=10.1017/CBO9781139208727.006}}</ref><br>[[Lord's Resistance Army insurgency]]<br>[[Iran–Iraq War]]<br />[[Somali Civil War]]{{sfn|Neville|2018|p=}}<br>[[Gulf War]]<br>[[Sudanese conflict in South Kordofan and Blue Nile|Third Sudanese Civil War]]<br>[[Libyan Civil War]]{{sfn|Neville|2018|p=12}}<br />[[Syrian Civil War]]<br>[[Iraqi Civil War (2014–2017)|Iraqi Civil War]]<br>[[Yemeni Civil War (2015-present)]]{{citation needed|date=July 2021}}<br>[[Conflict in Najran, Jizan and Asir]]
 <!-- Production history -->
 |designer=[[KB Mashinostroyeniya|KBM]] ([[Kolomna]])
@@ Line 71: / Line 71: @@
 == Users ==
 {{Div col}}
-*{{AFG}}<ref>{{cite book|title=Afghanistan, Arms and Conflict: Armed Groups, Disarmament and Security in a Post-War Society|first1=Michael Vinai|last1=Bhatia|first2=Mark|last2=Sedra|publisher=[[Routledge]]|editor=Small Arms Survey|editor-link=Small Arms Survey|isbn=978-0-415-45308-0|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=P4N9AgAAQBAJ|page=66|date=May 2008|access-date=2018-09-01|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180901145604/https://books.google.fr/books?id=P4N9AgAAQBAJ|archive-date=2018-09-01|url-status = live}}</ref>
+* {{AFG}}<ref>{{cite book|title=Afghanistan, Arms and Conflict: Armed Groups, Disarmament and Security in a Post-War Society|first1=Michael Vinai|last1=Bhatia|first2=Mark|last2=Sedra|publisher=[[Routledge]]|editor=Small Arms Survey|editor-link=Small Arms Survey|isbn=978-0-415-45308-0|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=P4N9AgAAQBAJ|page=66|date=May 2008|access-date=2018-09-01|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180901145604/https://books.google.fr/books?id=P4N9AgAAQBAJ|archive-date=2018-09-01|url-status = live}}</ref>
 ** {{flagicon image|Flag of Taliban.svg}} [[Taliban]]
 * {{ALG}}: 120 {{as of|2016|lc=y}}{{sfn|Military Balance 2016|p=320}}
-*{{flag|Angola}}<ref name="jones2009"/>{{sfn|Military Balance 2016|p=429}}
+* {{flag|Angola}}<ref name="jones2009"/>{{sfn|Military Balance 2016|p=429}}
-*{{flag|Bulgaria}}<ref name="jones2009"/>
+* {{flag|Bulgaria}}<ref name="jones2009"/>
-*{{flag|Cambodia}}<ref name="jones2009"/>{{sfn|Military Balance 2016|p=239}}
+* {{flag|Cambodia}}<ref name="jones2009"/>{{sfn|Military Balance 2016|p=239}}
-*{{CHA}}<ref name="jones2009"/>
+* {{CHA}}<ref name="jones2009"/>
-*{{CHN}}<ref name ='WS'/>{{sfn|Military Balance 2016|p=242}}
+* {{CHN}}<ref name ='WS'/>{{sfn|Military Balance 2016|p=242}}
-*{{flag|East Germany}}<ref name='SAS 55'/>
+* {{EGY}}<ref name="jones2009"/>
+* {{flag|Ethiopia}}{{sfn|Military Balance 2016|p=445}}
-*{{EGY}}<ref name="jones2009"/>
-*{{flag|Ethiopia}}{{sfn|Military Balance 2016|p=445}}
+* {{flag|Guinea}}<ref name="jones2009"/>{{sfn|Military Balance 2016|p=449}}
-*{{flag|Guinea}}<ref name="jones2009"/>{{sfn|Military Balance 2016|p=449}}
+* {{flag|Guinea-Bissau}}<ref name="jones2009"/>{{sfn|Military Balance 2016|p=450}}
-*{{flag|Guinea-Bissau}}<ref name="jones2009"/>{{sfn|Military Balance 2016|p=450}}
+* {{IRN}}{{sfn|Military Balance 2016|p=328}}
+* {{IRQ}}<ref name ="gulf">{{cite book|title=Armies of the Gulf War|url=https://archive.org/details/armiesgulfwar00rott|url-access=limited|series= Elite 45 |first= Gordon L.|last= Rottman|date=1993|isbn= 9781855322776|publisher=Osprey Publishing|page=[https://archive.org/details/armiesgulfwar00rott/page/n48 49]}}</ref>
-*{{IRN}}{{sfn|Military Balance 2016|p=328}}
+* {{LBA}}{{sfn|Neville|2018|p=12}}
-*{{IRQ}}<ref name ="gulf">{{cite book|title=Armies of the Gulf War|url=https://archive.org/details/armiesgulfwar00rott|url-access=limited|series= Elite 45 |first= Gordon L.|last= Rottman|date=1993|isbn= 9781855322776|publisher=Osprey Publishing|page=[https://archive.org/details/armiesgulfwar00rott/page/n48 49]}}</ref>
+* {{MOZ}}<ref name="jones2009"/>{{sfn|Military Balance 2016|p=458}}
-*{{flag|Islamic State}}<ref>{{cite news|title=As ISIS Continues To Gain Ground, Here's What The Militants Have In Their Arsenal|first=Jeremy|last=Bender|date=17 Nov 2014|newspaper=[[Business Insider]]|url=http://www.businessinsider.fr/us/isis-military-equipment-arsenal-2014-11|access-date=7 November 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181107145454/http://www.businessinsider.fr/us/isis-military-equipment-arsenal-2014-11|archive-date=7 November 2018|url-status = live}}</ref>
+* {{MYA}}: Copy producing as MA-14.<ref>{{cite book|isbn=978-981-230-848-1 |title=Building the Tatmadaw: Myanmar Armed Forces Since 1948|page=107|url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/272092747|last=Maung|first= Aung Myoe|year=2009|publisher=Institute of Southeast Asian Studies }}</ref><ref>{{cite encyclopedia|title=National inventories, Myanmar (Burma)|encyclopedia=Jane's Infantry Weapons 2001-2002|url=https://archive.org/details/Janes_Infantry_Weapons/page/n3111|page=3112|date=22 November 2000|first1=Terry J.|last1=Gander}}</ref>
-*{{LBA}}{{sfn|Neville|2018|p=12}}
-*{{MOZ}}<ref name="jones2009"/>{{sfn|Military Balance 2016|p=458}}
+* {{NAM}}{{sfn|Military Balance 2016|p=459}}
+* {{flag|Nicaragua}}{{sfn|Military Balance 2016|p=406}}
-*{{MYA}}:Copy producing as MA-14.<ref>{{cite book|isbn=978-981-230-848-1 |title=Building the Tatmadaw: Myanmar Armed Forces Since 1948|page=107|url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/272092747|last=Maung|first= Aung Myoe|year=2009}}</ref><ref>{{cite encyclopedia|title=National inventories, Myanmar (Burma)|encyclopedia=Jane's Infantry Weapons 2001-2002|url=https://archive.org/details/Janes_Infantry_Weapons/page/n3111|page=3112|date=22 November 2000|first1=Terry J.|last1=Gander}}</ref>
-*{{NAM}}{{sfn|Military Balance 2016|p=459}}
+* {{PRK}}:<ref name="jones2009"/> 1,700 {{as of|2016|lc=y}}{{sfn|Military Balance 2016|p=265}}
+* {{PAK}}
-*{{flag|Nicaragua}}{{sfn|Military Balance 2016|p=406}}
-*{{PRK}}:<ref name="jones2009"/> 1,700 {{as of|2016|lc=y}}{{sfn|Military Balance 2016|p=265}}
-*{{PAK}}
 * {{flagicon|Palestine}} [[Palestine Liberation Organization]]<ref>{{cite book|first= Steven J. |last=Zaloga|title=Tank battles of the Mid-East Wars (2): The wars of 1973 to the present|url= https://archive.org/details/tankbattlesmidea00zalo_900 |url-access= limited |publisher=Concord Publications|location= Hong Kong |year=2003|isbn=962-361-613-9|page=[https://archive.org/details/tankbattlesmidea00zalo_900/page/n51 52]}}</ref>
-*{{POL}}<ref name="jones2009"/>
+* {{POL}}<ref name="jones2009"/>
+* {{flag|SADR}}<ref name = 'ABC catastrofe'>{{cite journal|title=El fracaso militar del Polisario: Smul Niran, una catástrofe de la guerrilla|url=http://hemeroteca.abc.es/nav/Navigate.exe/hemeroteca/madrid/abc/1984/11/20/032.html|author=Salvador López de la Torre|journal=[[ABC (newspaper)|ABC]]|pages=32-33<!--endif p.totales-->|language=es|date=20 November 1984|access-date=1 September 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180707100622/http://hemeroteca.abc.es/nav/Navigate.exe/hemeroteca/madrid/abc/1984/11/20/032.html|archive-date=7 July 2018|url-status = live}}</ref>
-*{{flagicon image|Flag_of_Lord's_Resistance_Army.svg}} [[Lord's Resistance Army]]<ref name ='SAS 2006 11'>{{cite book|url=http://www.smallarmssurvey.org/publications/by-type/yearbook/small-arms-survey-2006.html|chapter-url=http://www.smallarmssurvey.org/fileadmin/docs/A-Yearbook/2006/en/Small-Arms-Survey-2006-Chapter-11-EN.pdf|chapter=Fuelling Fear: The Lord's Resistance Army and Small Arms|title=Small Arms Survey 2006: Unfinished Business|publisher=[[Oxford University Press]]|year=2006|author=Small Arms Survey|author-link=Small Arms Survey|page=283|isbn=978-0-19-929848-8|access-date=2018-08-29|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180830005010/http://www.smallarmssurvey.org/publications/by-type/yearbook/small-arms-survey-2006.html|archive-date=2018-08-30|url-status = dead}}</ref>
+* {{SOM}}<ref name ='SAS 2012 10'>{{cite book|url=http://www.smallarmssurvey.org/publications/by-type/yearbook/small-arms-survey-2012.html|chapter-url=http://www.smallarmssurvey.org/fileadmin/docs/A-Yearbook/2012/eng/Small-Arms-Survey-2012-Chapter-10-EN.pdf|chapter=Surveying the Battlefield: Illicit Arms In Afghanistan, Iraq, and Somalia|title=Small Arms Survey 2012: Moving Targets|publisher=[[Cambridge University Press]]|year=2012|author=Small Arms Survey|author-link=Small Arms Survey|pages=339, 342|isbn=978-0-521-19714-4|access-date=2018-08-30|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180831002411/http://www.smallarmssurvey.org/publications/by-type/yearbook/small-arms-survey-2012.html|archive-date=2018-08-31|url-status=dead}}</ref>
-*{{flag|SADR}}<ref name = 'ABC catastrofe'>{{cite journal|title=El fracaso militar del Polisario: Smul Niran, una catástrofe de la guerrilla|url=http://hemeroteca.abc.es/nav/Navigate.exe/hemeroteca/madrid/abc/1984/11/20/032.html|author=Salvador López de la Torre|journal=[[ABC (newspaper)|ABC]]|pages=32-33<!--endif p.totales-->|language=es|date=20 November 1984|access-date=1 September 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180707100622/http://hemeroteca.abc.es/nav/Navigate.exe/hemeroteca/madrid/abc/1984/11/20/032.html|archive-date=7 July 2018|url-status = live}}</ref>
-*{{SOM}}<ref name ='SAS 2012 10'>{{cite book|url=http://www.smallarmssurvey.org/publications/by-type/yearbook/small-arms-survey-2012.html|chapter-url=http://www.smallarmssurvey.org/fileadmin/docs/A-Yearbook/2012/eng/Small-Arms-Survey-2012-Chapter-10-EN.pdf|chapter=Surveying the Battlefield: Illicit Arms In Afghanistan, Iraq, and Somalia|title=Small Arms Survey 2012: Moving Targets|publisher=[[Cambridge University Press]]|year=2012|author=Small Arms Survey|author-link=Small Arms Survey|pages=339, 342|isbn=978-0-521-19714-4|access-date=2018-08-30|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180831002411/http://www.smallarmssurvey.org/publications/by-type/yearbook/small-arms-survey-2012.html|archive-date=2018-08-31|url-status=dead}}</ref>
-*{{flag|Soviet Union}}
 * {{flag|Sudan}}<ref name="SAS Kordofan"/>
+* {{SYR}}<ref name="jones2009">Jones, Richard D. ''Jane's Infantry Weapons 2009/2010''. Jane's Information Group; 35 edition (January 27, 2009). {{ISBN|978-0-7106-2869-5}}.</ref>
-** [[Sudan People's Liberation Movement-North]]<ref name="SAS Kordofan">{{cite journal|url=http://www.smallarmssurveysudan.org/fileadmin/docs/facts-figures/arms-ammunition-tracing-desk/HSBA-Tracing-Desk-SPLA-N-SK-Feb-2013.pdf|journal=HSBA Arms and Ammunition Tracing Desk|title=SPLA-N weapons and equipment, South Kordofan, December 2012|publisher=Small Arms Survey|date=February 2013|page=9|access-date=2019-01-02|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160322044524/http://www.smallarmssurveysudan.org/fileadmin/docs/facts-figures/arms-ammunition-tracing-desk/HSBA-Tracing-Desk-SPLA-N-SK-Feb-2013.pdf|archive-date=2016-03-22|url-status = live}}</ref>
-*{{flagicon|South Sudan}} [[Sudan People's Liberation Movement-in-Opposition]]{{sfn|Military Balance 2016|p=492}}
-*{{SYR}}<ref name="jones2009">Jones, Richard D. ''Jane's Infantry Weapons 2009/2010''. Jane's Information Group; 35 edition (January 27, 2009). {{ISBN|978-0-7106-2869-5}}.</ref>
 **{{flagicon|Syria|1932}} [[Free Syrian Army]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=osKx90CDVX0 |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211219/osKx90CDVX0 |archive-date=2021-12-19 |url-status=live|title=Syrian Rebels Fire B10 Recoiless(sic) Rifle|last=Worldwide Military Videos|date=14 April 2014|publisher=|via=YouTube}}{{cbignore}}</ref>{{Better source needed|reason = Youtube video|date=August 2018}}
 *{{TOG}}: Type 65 variant<ref name="jones2009"/>{{sfn|Military Balance 2016|p=474}}
@@ Line 109: / Line 103: @@
 *{{YEM}}{{citation needed|date=July 2021}}
 {{Div col end}}
+===Non-state users===
+* {{flag|Islamic State}}<ref>{{cite news|title=As ISIS Continues To Gain Ground, Here's What The Militants Have In Their Arsenal|first=Jeremy|last=Bender|date=17 Nov 2014|newspaper=[[Business Insider]]|url=http://www.businessinsider.fr/us/isis-military-equipment-arsenal-2014-11|access-date=7 November 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181107145454/http://www.businessinsider.fr/us/isis-military-equipment-arsenal-2014-11|archive-date=7 November 2018|url-status = live}}</ref>
+*{{flagicon image|Alleged Flag of Lord's Resistance Army.svg}} [[Lord's Resistance Army]]<ref name ='SAS 2006 11'>{{cite book|url=http://www.smallarmssurvey.org/publications/by-type/yearbook/small-arms-survey-2006.html|chapter-url=http://www.smallarmssurvey.org/fileadmin/docs/A-Yearbook/2006/en/Small-Arms-Survey-2006-Chapter-11-EN.pdf|chapter=Fuelling Fear: The Lord's Resistance Army and Small Arms|title=Small Arms Survey 2006: Unfinished Business|publisher=[[Oxford University Press]]|year=2006|author=Small Arms Survey|author-link=Small Arms Survey|page=283|isbn=978-0-19-929848-8|access-date=2018-08-29|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180830005010/http://www.smallarmssurvey.org/publications/by-type/yearbook/small-arms-survey-2006.html|archive-date=2018-08-30|url-status = dead}}</ref>
+* [[Sudan People's Liberation Movement-North]]<ref name="SAS Kordofan">{{cite journal|url=http://www.smallarmssurveysudan.org/fileadmin/docs/facts-figures/arms-ammunition-tracing-desk/HSBA-Tracing-Desk-SPLA-N-SK-Feb-2013.pdf|journal=HSBA Arms and Ammunition Tracing Desk|title=SPLA-N weapons and equipment, South Kordofan, December 2012|publisher=Small Arms Survey|date=February 2013|page=9|access-date=2019-01-02|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160322044524/http://www.smallarmssurveysudan.org/fileadmin/docs/facts-figures/arms-ammunition-tracing-desk/HSBA-Tracing-Desk-SPLA-N-SK-Feb-2013.pdf|archive-date=2016-03-22|url-status = live}}</ref>
+* {{flagicon|South Sudan}} [[Sudan People's Liberation Movement-in-Opposition]]{{sfn|Military Balance 2016|p=492}}
+===Former operators===
+* {{flag|East Germany}}<ref name='SAS 55'/>
+* {{flag|Soviet Union}}<ref>{{cite book |last1=V. Hogg |first1=Ian |title=Jane's infantry weapons 1988-89 |date=1988 |publisher=Jane's Pub. Co |location=London |isbn=978-0710608574 |page=405 |edition=14th}}</ref>
 == See also ==

v t e Soviet and Russian artillery after World War II
Anti-aircraft guns	ZU-23-2 AZP S-60 100 mm air defense gun KS-19 130 mm air defense gun KS-30 152 mm air defense gun KM-52
Anti-tank guns	85 mm anti-tank gun D-48 100 mm anti-tank gun T-12 100 mm anti-tank gun MT-12 125 mm anti-tank gun Sprut
Field guns	D-74 122 mm field gun 130 mm towed field gun M1954 (M-46)
Howitzers	122 mm howitzer 2A18 (D-30) 152 mm howitzer M1943 (D-1) 152 mm howitzer 2A65 Msta-B 152 mm towed gun-howitzer M1955 (D-20) 2A36 Giatsint-B 180 mm gun S-23
Mortars	2B11 2B14 Podnos M-160 mortar 2B9 Vasilek 240 mm mortar M240 2S12 Sani
Multiple rocket launchers	BM-14 BMD-20 BM-21 Grad BM-24 BM-25 BM-27 Uragan BM-30 Smerch 9К512 Uragan-1M Tornado TOS-1 TOS-2 Zemledeliye
Recoilless rifles	SPG-9 B-10 recoilless rifle B-11 recoilless rifle
Self-propelled anti-aircraft guns	ZSU-23-4 Shilka ZSU-37-2 Yenisei ZSU-57-2 2K22 Tunguska Pantsir
Self-propelled assault guns	ASU-57 ASU-85
Self-propelled howitzers	2A3 Kondensator 2P 2B1 Oka 2S1 Gvozdika 2S3 Akatsiya 2S5 Giatsint-S 2S7 Pion 2S19 Msta-S 2S35 Koalitsiya-SV 2S43 Malva A-222 Bereg
Self-propelled mortars	2S4 Tyulpan 2S9 Nona 2S31 Vena 2S39 Magnolia 2S40 Floks 2S41 Drok 2S42 Lotos