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Coordinates: 50°44′21″N 2°44′00″E / 50.7392°N 2.7333°E / 50.7392; 2.7333
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{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2023}}
{{Infobox French commune
{{Infobox French commune
|name = Bailleul
|name = Bailleul
Line 5: Line 6:
|image coat of arms = Blason de la ville de Bailleul (59) Nord-France.svg
|image coat of arms = Blason de la ville de Bailleul (59) Nord-France.svg
|image = Bailleul.jpg
|image = Bailleul.jpg
|image flag = Flag of Bailleul.gif
|caption = Market place and belfry of Bailleul
|caption = Market place and belfry of Bailleul
|arrondissement = Dunkerque
|arrondissement = Dunkerque
Line 10: Line 12:
|INSEE = 59043
|INSEE = 59043
|postal code = 59270
|postal code = 59270
|mayor = [[Antony Gautier]]<ref>{{cite web|title=Répertoire national des élus: les maires|url=https://www.data.gouv.fr/fr/datasets/r/2876a346-d50c-4911-934e-19ee07b0e503|publisher=data.gouv.fr, Plateforme ouverte des données publiques françaises|date=13 September 2022|language=fr}}</ref>
|mayor = Antony Gautier
|term = 2020&ndash;2026
|term = 2020&ndash;2026
|intercommunality = [[Communauté de communes de Flandre Intérieure]]
|intercommunality = CC Flandre Intérieure
|coordinates = {{coord|50.7392|2.7333|format=dms|display=inline,title}}
|coordinates = {{coord|50.7392|2.7333|format=dms|display=inline,title}}
|elevation m = 44
|elevation m = 44
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}}
}}


'''Bailleul''' ({{IPA-fr|bajœl|-|Fr-Bailleul.ogg}}; ''Belle'' in [[Dutch language|Dutch]]) is a [[Communes of France|commune]] in the [[Nord (French department)|Nord]] [[Departments of France|department]] in northern [[France]]. It is located in [[French Flanders]], {{convert|3|km|0|abbr=on}} from the [[Belgium|Belgian]] border and {{convert|26|km|0|abbr=on}} northwest of [[Lille]].
'''Bailleul''' ({{IPA|fr|bajœl|-|Fr-Bailleul.ogg}}; ''Belle'' in [[Dutch language|Dutch]]) is a [[Communes of France|commune]] in the [[Nord (French department)|Nord]] [[Departments of France|department]] in northern [[France]].<ref>[https://www.insee.fr/fr/metadonnees/geographie/commune/59043-bailleul INSEE commune file]</ref> It is located in [[French Flanders]], {{convert|3|km|0|abbr=on}} from the [[Belgium|Belgian]] border and {{convert|26|km|0|abbr=on}} northwest of [[Lille]].


==Population==
==Population==
{{Historical populations
{{Historical populations
|align = none
|title=Population of Bailleul since 1793
|cols = 2
|align=left
|percentages = pagr
|state=collapsed
|source = EHESS<ref name=ehess>{{Cassini-Ehess|2412|Bailleul}}</ref> and INSEE (1968-2017)<ref name=pophist>[https://www.insee.fr/fr/statistiques/4515315?geo=COM-59043#ancre-POP_T1 Population en historique depuis 1968], INSEE</ref>
| 1793 | 11576
|graph-pos = bottom
| 1800 | 8944
|1793 |11576
| 1806 | 9222
|1800 |8944
| 1821 | 9475
|1806 |9222
| 1831 | 9823
|1821 |9475
| 1836 | 9911
|1831 |9823
| 1841 | 9923
|1836 |9911
| 1846 | 10141
|1841 |9923
| 1851 | 10078
|1846 |10141
| 1856 | 10108
|1851 |10078
| 1861 | 10102
|1856 |10108
| 1866 | 12896
|1861 |10102
| 1872 | 12828
|1866 |12896
| 1876 | 12968
|1872 |12828
| 1881 | 12712
|1876 |12968
| 1886 | 13335
|1881 |12712
| 1891 | 13276
|1886 |13335
| 1896 | 13449
|1891 |13276
| 1901 | 13530
|1896 |13449
| 1906 | 13573
|1901 |13530
| 1911 | 13251
|1906 |13573
| 1921 | 6651
|1911 |13251
| 1926 | 8545
|1921 |6651
| 1931 | 9691
|1926 |8545
| 1936 | 10928
|1931 |9691
| 1946 | 11352
|1936 |10928
| 1954 | 11964
|1946 |11352
| 1962 | 12583
|1954 |11964
| 1968 | 13077
|1962 |12583
| 1975 | 13474
|1968 |13077
| 1982 | 13400
|1975 |13474
| 1990 | 13847
|1982 |13400
| 1999 | 14146
|1990 |13847
| 2006 | 13616
|1999 |14146
| 2009 | 13989
|2007 |13496
| 2011 | 14517
|2012 |14564
| 2015 | 14337
|2017 |14769
}}
}}
{{clear left}}


==Politics==

=== Presidential Elections 2nd Round ===

{| class="wikitable"
|-
!colspan="2"|Election!!Winning Candidate!!Party!!%
|-
|style="background-color: {{En Marche!/meta/color}}" |
| [[2017 French presidential election|2017]]
| [[Emmanuel Macron]]
| [[En Marche!]]
| 56.30
|-
|style="background-color: {{Socialist Party (France)/meta/color}}" |
| [[2012 French presidential election|2012]]
| [[François Hollande]]
| [[Socialist Party (France)|PS]]
| 50.87
|-
|style="background-color: {{Union for a Popular Movement/meta/color}}" |
| [[2007 French presidential election|2007]]
| [[Nicolas Sarkozy]]
| [[Union for a Popular Movement|UMP]]
| 51.52
|-
|style="background-color: {{Rally for the Republic/meta/color}}" |
| [[2002 French presidential election|2002]]
| [[Jacques Chirac]]
| [[Rally for the Republic|RPR]]
| 82.44
|}

<ref name="lemonde">{{cite web|url=http://www.lemonde.fr/data/france/presidentielle-2017//|title=Résultats France - Présidentielle 2017 - 1er et 2nd tour|website=lemonde.fr|access-date=2017-09-06}}</ref>


[[File:LocatieBelle.PNG|thumb|Location of Bailleul in the arrondissement of Dunkirk]]
==Heraldry==
==Heraldry==
{{Blazon-arms
{{Blazon-arms
|img1=Blason ville fr Bailleul (Nord).svg
|img1=Blason ville fr Bailleul (Nord).svg
|legend1=Arms of Bailleul
|legend1=Arms of Bailleul
|text=The arms of Bailleul are [[blazon]]ed :<br />''Gules, a cross vair.''
|text=The arms of Bailleul are [[blazon]]ed:<br />''Gules, a cross vair.''
}}
}}


==Media==
==Media==
Bailleul is the birthplace of [[French cinema|French filmmaker]] [[Bruno Dumont]] and served as the setting for his first two feature films. This area is also a setting in the [[Timothy Findley]] book ''[[The Wars]]''.
Bailleul is the birthplace of [[French cinema|French filmmaker]] [[Bruno Dumont]] and served as the setting for his first two feature films. This area is also a setting in the [[Timothy Findley]] book ''[[The Wars]]''.

==Carnival==
The inhabitants of Bailleul celebrate carnival with five days of processions and other festivities.
The carnival has taken place since 1853, when the Philanthropic Company of Bailleul was founded. During the event, a search takes place for the needy ones of the city. The Gargantua Giant chairs the festivities, seated on his float and accompanied by his kitchen boys.

At the end of Shrove Tuesday, after the final procession of around 50 floats, with local groups, brass bands and plenty of confetti, Doctor Francisco Piccolissimo tries to cure the excesses of some inhabitants in an unconventional way in front of the town hall, and the festival continues late into the night in the town's cafés and bars.


==Points of interest==
==Points of interest==
The city hall and [[belfry]] of Bailleul was inscribed on the [[UNESCO]] [[World Heritage List]] in 2005 as part of the [[Belfries of Belgium an France]] site, in recognition of their importance in the rise of municipal power in Europe.<ref name = "unesco">{{cite web |url = http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/943 |title= Belfries of Belgium and France |website = UNESCO World Heritage Centre |publisher = United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization |access-date = 5 November 2021}}</ref>
The city hall and [[Belfry (architecture)|belfry]] of Bailleul was inscribed on the [[UNESCO]] [[World Heritage List]] in 2005 as part of the [[Belfries of Belgium and France]] site, in recognition of their importance in the rise of municipal power in Europe.<ref name = "unesco">{{cite web |url = http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/943 |title= Belfries of Belgium and France |website = UNESCO World Heritage Centre |publisher = United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization |access-date = 5 November 2021}}</ref>


The [[Jardin des Plantes Sauvages du Conservatoire botanique national de Bailleul]] is a botanical garden of protected plants. Over 850 species of native plants are found in the garden.
The [[Jardin des Plantes Sauvages du Conservatoire botanique national de Bailleul]] is a botanical garden of protected plants. Over 850 species of native plants are found in the garden.
Line 136: Line 95:


From the 17th to the 19th century, the [[bobbin lace|bobbin lace craft]] developed in Bailleul. (La Maison de la Dentelle bobbin lace museum), a craft for which the town is still known far beyond its borders.
From the 17th to the 19th century, the [[bobbin lace|bobbin lace craft]] developed in Bailleul. (La Maison de la Dentelle bobbin lace museum), a craft for which the town is still known far beyond its borders.
[[File:Bailleul, 1918 LCCN2014708107.jpg|Bailleul in 1918|thumb|right|200px]]

During [[First World War]], the area around Bailleul was at times heavily affected by the heavy fighting that German and Allied troops engaged in around the nearby Belgian town of [[Ypres]]. When German troops used [[chlorine gas]] against the Allied troops near Wulverghem (municipality of [[Heuvelland]], Belgium) on 30 April 1916 over a front length of 3.2 kilometres, the resulting toxic gas cloud extended as far as Bailleul. During the [[German Spring Offensive]] in [[Operation Georgette]] from 13 April 1918, Bailleul with its old Flemish Town Centre was more than 90 percent destroyed.
During [[First World War]], the area around Bailleul was at times heavily affected by the heavy fighting that German and Allied troops engaged in around the nearby Belgian town of [[Ypres]]. When German troops used [[chlorine gas]] against the Allied troops near Wulverghem (municipality of [[Heuvelland]], Belgium) on 30 April 1916 over a front length of 3.2 kilometres, the resulting toxic gas cloud extended as far as Bailleul. During the [[German Spring Offensive]] in [[Operation Georgette]] from 13 April 1918, Bailleul with its old Flemish Town Centre was more than 90 percent destroyed.
After the severe destruction of the First World War, the town was rebuilt in the Neo-Flemish style during the 20th century. A typical example of the architectural style, which was widespread throughout Flanders, is the town hall of 1932 with its bell tower.
After the severe destruction of the First World War, the town was rebuilt in the Neo-Flemish style during the 20th century. A typical example of the architectural style, which was widespread throughout Flanders, is the town hall of 1932 with its bell tower.
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==References==
==References==
;Sources
* [http://www.insee.fr/fr/methodes/nomenclatures/cog/fichecommunale.asp?codedep=59&codecom=043 INSEE commune file]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20090306221811/http://www.ville-bailleul.fr/accueil Bailleul city]
;Notes
{{reflist}}
{{reflist}}

==External links==
* [https://www.ville-bailleul.fr/ Official website]


{{Commons category|Bailleul (Nord)}}
{{Commons category|Bailleul (Nord)}}
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[[Category:Communes of Nord (French department)]]
[[Category:Communes of Nord (French department)]]
[[Category:French Flanders]]


{{Nord-geo-stub}}

Latest revision as of 10:24, 21 August 2024

Bailleul
Belle
Commune
Market place and belfry of Bailleul
Market place and belfry of Bailleul
Flag of Bailleul
Flag
Coat of arms of Bailleul
Coat of arms
Location of Bailleul
Map
Bailleul is located in France
Bailleul
Bailleul
Bailleul is located in Hauts-de-France
Bailleul
Bailleul
Coordinates: 50°44′21″N 2°44′00″E / 50.7392°N 2.7333°E / 50.7392; 2.7333
CountryFrance
RegionHauts-de-France
DepartmentNord
ArrondissementDunkerque
CantonBailleul
IntercommunalityCC Flandre Intérieure
Government
 • Mayor (2020–2026) Antony Gautier[1]
Area
1
43.42 km2 (16.76 sq mi)
Population
 (2021)[2]
14,869
 • Density340/km2 (890/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+01:00 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+02:00 (CEST)
INSEE/Postal code
59043 /59270
Elevation14–86 m (46–282 ft)
(avg. 44 m or 144 ft)
1 French Land Register data, which excludes lakes, ponds, glaciers > 1 km2 (0.386 sq mi or 247 acres) and river estuaries.

Bailleul (French pronunciation: [bajœl] ⓘ; Belle in Dutch) is a commune in the Nord department in northern France.[3] It is located in French Flanders, 3 km (2 mi) from the Belgian border and 26 km (16 mi) northwest of Lille.

Population

[edit]
Historical population
YearPop.±% p.a.
1793 11,576—    
1800 8,944−3.62%
1806 9,222+0.51%
1821 9,475+0.18%
1831 9,823+0.36%
1836 9,911+0.18%
1841 9,923+0.02%
1846 10,141+0.44%
1851 10,078−0.12%
1856 10,108+0.06%
1861 10,102−0.01%
1866 12,896+5.00%
1872 12,828−0.09%
1876 12,968+0.27%
1881 12,712−0.40%
1886 13,335+0.96%
1891 13,276−0.09%
1896 13,449+0.26%
YearPop.±% p.a.
1901 13,530+0.12%
1906 13,573+0.06%
1911 13,251−0.48%
1921 6,651−6.66%
1926 8,545+5.14%
1931 9,691+2.55%
1936 10,928+2.43%
1946 11,352+0.38%
1954 11,964+0.66%
1962 12,583+0.63%
1968 13,077+0.64%
1975 13,474+0.43%
1982 13,400−0.08%
1990 13,847+0.41%
1999 14,146+0.24%
2007 13,496−0.59%
2012 14,564+1.53%
2017 14,769+0.28%
Source: EHESS[4] and INSEE (1968-2017)[5]

Heraldry

[edit]
Arms of Bailleul
Arms of Bailleul
 The arms of Bailleul are blazoned:
Gules, a cross vair.



Media

[edit]

Bailleul is the birthplace of French filmmaker Bruno Dumont and served as the setting for his first two feature films. This area is also a setting in the Timothy Findley book The Wars.

Points of interest

[edit]

The city hall and belfry of Bailleul was inscribed on the UNESCO World Heritage List in 2005 as part of the Belfries of Belgium and France site, in recognition of their importance in the rise of municipal power in Europe.[6]

The Jardin des Plantes Sauvages du Conservatoire botanique national de Bailleul is a botanical garden of protected plants. Over 850 species of native plants are found in the garden.

History

[edit]

In 1526, Flanders fell to the Spanish Netherlands by the Treaty of Madrid. Under the reign of Philip II, the first religious problems arose between Flanders and Spain.

In the 17th century, Flanders was a permanent battlefield. Louis XIV reconquered Flanders. As a result, Bailleul reverted to France in 1678.

With the Treaty of Utrecht, Flanders and with it Bailleul fell to Austria in 1713, before both finally passed to France in 1745 after the Battle of Fontenoy and the Treaty of Aachen. Numerous fires marked the history of the city.

From the 17th to the 19th century, the bobbin lace craft developed in Bailleul. (La Maison de la Dentelle bobbin lace museum), a craft for which the town is still known far beyond its borders.

Bailleul in 1918

During First World War, the area around Bailleul was at times heavily affected by the heavy fighting that German and Allied troops engaged in around the nearby Belgian town of Ypres. When German troops used chlorine gas against the Allied troops near Wulverghem (municipality of Heuvelland, Belgium) on 30 April 1916 over a front length of 3.2 kilometres, the resulting toxic gas cloud extended as far as Bailleul. During the German Spring Offensive in Operation Georgette from 13 April 1918, Bailleul with its old Flemish Town Centre was more than 90 percent destroyed. After the severe destruction of the First World War, the town was rebuilt in the Neo-Flemish style during the 20th century. A typical example of the architectural style, which was widespread throughout Flanders, is the town hall of 1932 with its bell tower.

Railways

[edit]

Bailleul has a railway station on the line from Lille to Calais and Dunkirk.

International relations

[edit]
See also: List of twin towns and sister cities in France

Bailleul is twinned with:[7]

  • Germany Werne, Germany, since 1967
  • Scotland Hawick, Scotland, United Kingdom, since 1973
  • Belgium Izegem, Belgium, since 1992
  • Germany Kyritz, Germany, since 2012
  • Poland Wałcz, Poland, since 2015

Personalities

[edit]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "Répertoire national des élus: les maires" (in French). data.gouv.fr, Plateforme ouverte des données publiques françaises. 13 September 2022.
  2. ^ "Populations légales 2021" (in French). The National Institute of Statistics and Economic Studies. 28 December 2023.
  3. ^ INSEE commune file
  4. ^ Des villages de Cassini aux communes d'aujourd'hui: Commune data sheet Bailleul, EHESS (in French).
  5. ^ Population en historique depuis 1968, INSEE
  6. ^ "Belfries of Belgium and France". UNESCO World Heritage Centre. United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization. Retrieved 5 November 2021.
  7. ^ "Jumelages". ville-bailleul.fr (in French). Bailleul. Retrieved 21 November 2019.
[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Bailleul (Nord).
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