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Coordinates: 32°46′33.89″N 79°55′47.66″W / 32.7760806°N 79.9299056°W / 32.7760806; -79.9299056
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{{short description|Clark Mills first sculpture studio, Charleston, SC (1837-1848)}}
{{refimprove|date=December 2016}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=August 2023}}
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{{Infobox NRHP | name =Clark Mills Studio
{{Infobox NRHP
⚫
| nrhp_type = nhl
| image = Clark Mills Studio (Charleston).jpg
| name = Clark Mills Studio
⚫
| nrhp_type = nhl
| caption = Clark Mills Studio
| location= 51 Broad St., [[Charleston, South Carolina]]
| image = Clark Mills Studio (Charleston).jpg
⚫
| caption = Clark Mills Studio
⚫
| coordinates = {{coord|32|46|33.89|N|79|55|47.66|W|display=inline,title}}
| location= 51 Broad St., [[Charleston, South Carolina]]
⚫
| coordinates = {{coord|32|46|33.89|N|79|55|47.66|W|display=inline,title}}
| locmapin = South Carolina#USA
| locmapin = South Carolina#USA
| area =
| area =
| built =
| built =
| architect= Unknown
| architect =
| architecture= No Style Listed
| architecture =
| designated_nrhp_type= December 21, 1965<ref name="nhlsum">{{cite web|url=http://tps.cr.nps.gov/nhl/detail.cfm?ResourceId=527&ResourceType=Building
| designated_nrhp_type = December 21, 1965<ref name="nhlsum">{{cite web|url=http://tps.cr.nps.gov/nhl/detail.cfm?ResourceId=527&ResourceType=Building|title=Clark Mills Studio|accessdate=2008-03-07|work=National Historic Landmark summary listing|publisher=National Park Service|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110606133754/http://tps.cr.nps.gov/nhl/detail.cfm?ResourceId=527&ResourceType=Building|archive-date=2011-06-06|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="OAHP_Dillon_19750529"/>
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| added = October 15, 1966<ref name="nris">{{NRISref|2007a}}</ref>
|title=Clark Mills Studio |accessdate=2008-03-07|work=National Historic Landmark summary listing|publisher=National Park Service}}</ref>
⚫
| refnum = 66000703
⚫
| added = October 15, 1966<ref name="nris">{{NRISref|2007a}}</ref>
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| nrhp_type2 = nhldcp
| governing_body = Private
| nocat = yes
⚫
| refnum=66000703
⚫
| designated_nrhp_type2 = October 9, 1960
⚫
| nrhp_type2 = nhldcp | nocat = yes
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| partof = [[Charleston Historic District]]
⚫
| designated_nrhp_type2 = October 9, 1960
⚫
| partof_refnum = 66000964
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| partof = [[Charleston Historic District]]
⚫
| partof_refnum = 66000964
}}
}}
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The '''Clark Mills Studio''' is a historic building at 51 Broad Street in [[Charleston, South Carolina]]. Built as a [[tenement house]], it was the residence and studio between 1837 and 1848 of sculptor [[Clark Mills (sculptor)|Clark Mills]] (1810–83). Mills is credited with creating the first cast equestrian bronze staue, [[Andrew Jackson (Mills)|the 1852 statue]] of [[Andrew Jackson]] at [[Lafayette Square, Washington, D.C.]].<ref name="nrhpinv2">{{Cite journal|title=National Register of Historic Places Inventory-Nomination: The Clark Mills Studio / Clark Mills Studio, Stoney and Stoney Law Office|url={{NHLS url|id=66000703}} |format=pdf |author= |publisher=National Park Service}} and {{NHLS url|id=66000703|title=''Accompanying three photos, two exterior of the building in 1975, and one of the Andrew Jackson Memorial Statue in 1970''|photos=y}}&nbsp;{{small|(32&nbsp;KB)}}</ref><ref name="scdahsum">{{cite web|url=http://www.nationalregister.sc.gov/charleston/S10817710008/index.htm |title=Clark Mills Studio, Charleston County (51 Broad St., Charleston) |accessdate=2008-03-08|work=National Register Properties in South Carolina listing|publisher=South Carolina Department of Archives and History}}</ref> It was designated a [[National Historic Landmark]] in 1965, and now houses professional offices.


The [[Charleston, South Carolina]], studio of sculptor [[Clark Mills (sculptor)|Clark Mills]] (December 13, 1810 – January 12, 1883), was his first—he worked there from 1837 to 1848, when he moved to [[Washington, D.C.|Washington]], DC. The Charleston studio was designated as a [[National Historic Landmark]] in 1965. Before it became Mills' studio, the building, located at 51 Broad Street, Charleston originally served as a [[tenement house]], and now houses professional offices.
==Description and history==
⚫
The former Mills Studio building is located Charleston's old city, on the south side of Broad Street just west of Church Street. It is a four story masonry structure, built out of stuccoed brick. Its front facade is now commercial, with store fronts on the ground floor, projecting bay windows on the second and third floors. The interior is also reflective of its modern uses, having been converted into professional offices around the turn of the 20th century.<ref name="nrhpinv2"/>


⚫
In 1848, Mills moved his studio and residence from Charleston to [[Washington, D.C.|Washington]], D.C., when he won a major contract to cast [[Equestrian statue of Andrew Jackson (Washington, D.C.)|the equestrian bronze statue of Andrew Jackson]]—now in [[Lafayette Square, Washington, D.C.]], which made his name and foundry famous.<ref name="nrhpinv2">{{Cite journal|title=National Register of Historic Places Inventory-Nomination: The Clark Mills Studio / Clark Mills Studio, Stoney and Stoney Law Office|url={{NHLS url|id=66000703}} |format=pdf |author= |publisher=National Park Service}} and {{NHLS url|id=66000703|title=''Accompanying three photos, two exterior of the building in 1975, and one of the Andrew Jackson Memorial Statue in 1970''|photos=y}}&nbsp;{{small|(32&nbsp;KB)}}</ref><ref name="scdahsum">{{cite web|url=http://www.nationalregister.sc.gov/charleston/S10817710008/index.htm |title=Clark Mills Studio, Charleston County (51 Broad St., Charleston) |accessdate=2008-03-08|work=National Register Properties in South Carolina listing|publisher=South Carolina Department of Archives and History}}</ref> With the success of the 1852 Andrew Jackson sculpture, Mills studio was awarded other major contracts, created in Clark Mills Studio and Foundry in Bladensburg Road, [[Maryland]], eight miles from the Capital in [[Washington, D.C.|Washington]].
[[Image:Andrew Jackson statue closeup.JPG|thumb|left|Mills' statue of Andrew Jackson]]

The building was originally built as a tenement house, and had two tenants in the 1830s, one of whom, Erastus Bulkeley, maintained a yard nearby from which he sold marble. When the other tenant moved out in 1837, Clark Mills rented that space, and established his residence and studio there. It is believed that it is here that the self-taught Mills produced his first significant work, a marble bust of South Carolina politician [[John C. Calhoun]]. In 1848 Mills was awarded the commission to produce a memorial statue to [[Andrew Jackson]], to be located in [[Washington, D.C.]] His dynamic portrayal of Jackson, sitting astride a rearing horse, is remarkably balanced on the horse's two rear legs, and was the first American-cast full-size equestrian statue. Mills accomplished this by overweighting the rear of the horse to achieve the proper balance. He is best remembered more for his innovations in the engineering related to monumental sculpture than for the artistic merit of his output.<ref name="nrhpinv2"/>
==Mills Charlston studio (1837 – 1848)==
⚫
The former Mills Studio building is located Charleston's old city, on the south side of Broad Street just west of Church Street. It is a four-story masonry structure, built out of stuccoed brick. Its front facade is now commercial, with store fronts on the ground floor, projecting bay windows on the second and third floors. The interior is also reflective of its modern uses, having been converted into professional offices around the turn of the 20th century.<ref name="nrhpinv2"/> The building was originally built as a tenement house, and had two tenants in the 1830s, one of whom, Erastus Bulkeley, maintained a yard nearby from which he sold marble. When the other tenant moved out in 1837, Clark Mills rented that space, and established his residence and studio there.

It is believed that it is here that the self-taught Mills produced his first significant work, a marble bust of South Carolina politician [[John C. Calhoun]].<ref name="nrhpinv2"/>

The Broad Street building was assigned the National Historic Landmark designation on December 21, 1965, by the [[Office of Archeology and Historic Preservation]] (OAHP).<ref name="OAHP_Dillon_19750529">{{cite web |url=https://npgallery.nps.gov/NRHP/GetAsset/NHLS/66000703_text |agency=[[United States Department of the Interior]], [[United States National Park Service]] |series=National Register of Historic Places Inventory |title=National Historic Landmarks: The Clark Mills Studio, Stoney and Stoney Law Office |work= [[Office of Archeology and Historic Preservation]] (OAHP) |date=May 29, 1975 |first=James |last=Dillon |location=Washington, D.C.}}</ref> It was included in the National Register of Historic Places Inventory in 1976 under The Clark Mills Studio, and as Stoney and Stoney Law Office .<ref name="OAHP_Dillon_19750529"/>

==Mills Studio and Foundry in Washington, D.C. (1848) ==
[[File:Andrew Jackson statue closeup.JPG|75px|left|Equestrian statue of Andrew Jackson in Washington, D.C.]]In 1848, Mills Foundry was selected by the Jackson Monument Committee to create an [[Equestrian statue of Andrew Jackson (Washington, D.C.)|equestrian statue of Andrew Jackson]]. The memorial statue to [[Andrew Jackson]] is in [[Lafayette Square, Washington, D.C.|Lafayette Square]], near the [[White House]] in [[Washington, D.C.]]<ref name="WHHA">{{Cite web| title = Clark Mills's Foundry| work = White House Historical Association (WHHA) |date=nd| access-date = June 23, 2020| url = https://www.whitehousehistory.org/photos/clark-millss-foundry}}</ref>

For this contract Mills moved to Washington from Charleston, bringing with him eleven slaves including the master craftsman, [[Philip Reid]], who had become Mills' apprentice. They erected a temporary foundry south of the White House for the casting. According to the Smithsonian's James M. Goode, Mills with the assistance of his apprentice, Reid and laborers, produced six castings of the equestrian statue.<ref name="Goode_Sculpture_1974">{{cite book |first=James M. |last=Goode |title=Outdoor Sculpture of Washington, D.C. |publisher=Smithsonian Institution Press |date=1974 |isbn=0-87474-138-6}}</ref>{{rp|377}} When the bronze casting was completed in 1852, it was considered to be the "first bronze statue ever cast in America", according to The ''Architect of the Capitol'' . They had made it through "trial and error" making its "accomplishment" quite extraordinary—none of the workers, including Mills had any formal training.<ref name="AOC_Reid">{{Cite web| title = Philip Reid and the Statue of Freedom| work = Architect of the Capitol| access-date = June 23, 2020| url = https://www.aoc.gov/philip-reid-and-statue-freedom}}</ref> It has been described as the first equestrian statue made in America, and possibly the first equestrian statue of a horse rearing on two legs in which no additional support was added.<ref name="AOC_Reid_201306">{{cite web |work=Architect of the Capitol |title=Philip Reid and the Statue of Freedom |date=June 2013 |access-date=June 23, 2020 |url=http://www.aoc.gov/philip-reid-and-statue-freedom}}</ref>

{{clear left}}


==See also==
==See also==
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==References==
==References==
{{reflist}}
{{reflist|30em}}


==External links==
==External links==
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[[Category:National Historic Landmarks in South Carolina]]
[[Category:National Historic Landmarks in South Carolina]]
[[Category:Buildings and structures in South Carolina]]
[[Category:Office buildings in South Carolina]]
[[Category:National Register of Historic Places in Charleston, South Carolina]]
[[Category:National Register of Historic Places in Charleston, South Carolina]]
[[Category:Historic district contributing properties in South Carolina]]
[[Category:Historic district contributing properties in South Carolina]]

Latest revision as of 00:04, 9 December 2023

Clark Mills Studio
Clark Mills Studio
Clark Mills Studio is located in South Carolina
Clark Mills Studio
Clark Mills Studio is located in the United States
Clark Mills Studio
Location51 Broad St., Charleston, South Carolina
Coordinates32°46′33.89″N 79°55′47.66″W / 32.7760806°N 79.9299056°W / 32.7760806; -79.9299056
Part ofCharleston Historic District (ID66000964)
NRHP reference No.66000703
Significant dates
Added to NRHPOctober 15, 1966[1]
Designated NHLDecember 21, 1965[2][3]
Designated NHLDCPOctober 9, 1960

The Charleston, South Carolina, studio of sculptor Clark Mills (December 13, 1810 – January 12, 1883), was his first—he worked there from 1837 to 1848, when he moved to Washington, DC. The Charleston studio was designated as a National Historic Landmark in 1965. Before it became Mills' studio, the building, located at 51 Broad Street, Charleston originally served as a tenement house, and now houses professional offices.

In 1848, Mills moved his studio and residence from Charleston to Washington, D.C., when he won a major contract to cast the equestrian bronze statue of Andrew Jackson—now in Lafayette Square, Washington, D.C., which made his name and foundry famous.[4][5] With the success of the 1852 Andrew Jackson sculpture, Mills studio was awarded other major contracts, created in Clark Mills Studio and Foundry in Bladensburg Road, Maryland, eight miles from the Capital in Washington.

Mills Charlston studio (1837 – 1848)

[edit]

The former Mills Studio building is located Charleston's old city, on the south side of Broad Street just west of Church Street. It is a four-story masonry structure, built out of stuccoed brick. Its front facade is now commercial, with store fronts on the ground floor, projecting bay windows on the second and third floors. The interior is also reflective of its modern uses, having been converted into professional offices around the turn of the 20th century.[4] The building was originally built as a tenement house, and had two tenants in the 1830s, one of whom, Erastus Bulkeley, maintained a yard nearby from which he sold marble. When the other tenant moved out in 1837, Clark Mills rented that space, and established his residence and studio there.

It is believed that it is here that the self-taught Mills produced his first significant work, a marble bust of South Carolina politician John C. Calhoun.[4]

The Broad Street building was assigned the National Historic Landmark designation on December 21, 1965, by the Office of Archeology and Historic Preservation (OAHP).[3] It was included in the National Register of Historic Places Inventory in 1976 under The Clark Mills Studio, and as Stoney and Stoney Law Office .[3]

Mills Studio and Foundry in Washington, D.C. (1848)

[edit]
Equestrian statue of Andrew Jackson in Washington, D.C.
Equestrian statue of Andrew Jackson in Washington, D.C.

In 1848, Mills Foundry was selected by the Jackson Monument Committee to create an equestrian statue of Andrew Jackson. The memorial statue to Andrew Jackson is in Lafayette Square, near the White House in Washington, D.C.[6]

For this contract Mills moved to Washington from Charleston, bringing with him eleven slaves including the master craftsman, Philip Reid, who had become Mills' apprentice. They erected a temporary foundry south of the White House for the casting. According to the Smithsonian's James M. Goode, Mills with the assistance of his apprentice, Reid and laborers, produced six castings of the equestrian statue.[7]: 377  When the bronze casting was completed in 1852, it was considered to be the "first bronze statue ever cast in America", according to The Architect of the Capitol . They had made it through "trial and error" making its "accomplishment" quite extraordinary—none of the workers, including Mills had any formal training.[8] It has been described as the first equestrian statue made in America, and possibly the first equestrian statue of a horse rearing on two legs in which no additional support was added.[9]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "National Register Information System". National Register of Historic Places. National Park Service. January 23, 2007.
  2. ^ "Clark Mills Studio". National Historic Landmark summary listing. National Park Service. Archived from the original on June 6, 2011. Retrieved March 7, 2008.
  3. ^ a b c Dillon, James (May 29, 1975). "National Historic Landmarks: The Clark Mills Studio, Stoney and Stoney Law Office". Office of Archeology and Historic Preservation (OAHP). National Register of Historic Places Inventory. Washington, D.C. United States Department of the Interior, United States National Park Service.
  4. ^ a b c "National Register of Historic Places Inventory-Nomination: The Clark Mills Studio / Clark Mills Studio, Stoney and Stoney Law Office" (pdf). National Park Service. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help) and Accompanying three photos, two exterior of the building in 1975, and one of the Andrew Jackson Memorial Statue in 1970 (32 KB)
  5. ^ "Clark Mills Studio, Charleston County (51 Broad St., Charleston)". National Register Properties in South Carolina listing. South Carolina Department of Archives and History. Retrieved March 8, 2008.
  6. ^ "Clark Mills's Foundry". White House Historical Association (WHHA). nd. Retrieved June 23, 2020.
  7. ^ Goode, James M. (1974). Outdoor Sculpture of Washington, D.C. Smithsonian Institution Press. ISBN 0-87474-138-6.
  8. ^ "Philip Reid and the Statue of Freedom". Architect of the Capitol. Retrieved June 23, 2020.
  9. ^ "Philip Reid and the Statue of Freedom". Architect of the Capitol. June 2013. Retrieved June 23, 2020.
[edit]
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