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'''Countess Marie Louise Larisch von Moennich''' (also known as ''Countess Marie Louise Larisch-Wallersee'') ([[24 February]] [[1858]] - [[4 July]] [[1940]]), niece and confidante of [[Empress Elisabeth of Austria]], was born '''Marie Louise Elizabeth Mendel''' in [[Augsburg]], [[Bavaria]], the illegitimate daughter of [[Ludwig Wilhelm, Duke in Bavaria]] (1831-1920) and actress [[Henriette Mendel]] (1833-1891). <ref name=CEDRE>{{cite book |title= Le Royaume de Baviére (Les Manuscrits du CEDRE)|last= Tourtchine |first= Jean-Fred |authorlink= |coauthors= |year= |publisher= |location= |isbn= |pages= volume II, p. 29}}</ref><ref name=Sokop>{{cite book |title= Jene Gräfin Larisch...: Marie Louise Gräfin Larisch-Wallersee: Vertraute der Kaiserin - Verfemte nach Mayerling |last= Sokop |first= Brigitte |authorlink= |coauthors= |year= 1985 |publisher= Hermann Böhlaus Nachf |location= Wien, Köln, Graz |isbn= 3-205-07231-6|pages= }}</ref>
'''Countess Marie Louise Larisch von Moennich''' (also known as ''Countess Marie Louise Larisch-Wallersee'') ([[24 February]] [[1858]] - [[4 July]] [[1940]]), niece and confidante of [[Empress Elisabeth of Austria]], was born '''Marie Louise Elizabeth Mendel''' in [[Augsburg]], [[Bavaria]], the illegitimate daughter of [[Ludwig Wilhelm, Duke in Bavaria]] (1831-1920) and actress [[Henriette Mendel]] (1833-1891). <ref name=CEDRE>{{cite book |title= Le Royaume de Baviére (Les Manuscrits du CEDRE)|last= Tourtchine |first= Jean-Fred |authorlink= |coauthors= |year= |publisher= |location= |isbn= |nopp= true|page= volume II, p. 29}}</ref><ref name=Sokop>{{cite book |title= Jene Gräfin Larisch...: Marie Louise Gräfin Larisch-Wallersee: Vertraute der Kaiserin - Verfemte nach Mayerling |last= Sokop |first= Brigitte |authorlink= |coauthors= |year= 1985 |publisher= Hermann Böhlaus Nachf |location= Wien, Köln, Graz |isbn= 3-205-07231-6|pages= }}</ref>


Her father renounced, on [[9 March]] [[1859]], his rights as firstborn son, and Henriette (or Henrietta) Mendel was created Baroness of Wallersee (''Freifrau von Wallersee'') on [[19 May]] [[1859]] in preparation for their [[morganatic marriage]] on [[28 May]][[1859]] in Augsburg. From [[28 May]] [[1859]], Marie was thus a Baroness of Wallersee (''Freiin von Wallersee''). <ref name=GHDA>{{cite book |title= Genealogisches Handbuch des Adels: Gräfliche Häuser A Band II |last= von Ehrenkrook |first= Hans Friedrich |authorlink= |coauthors= |year= 1955|publisher= C. A. Starke Verlag|location= Glücksburg/Ostsee |isbn= 3-7980-0710-1|pages= 245}}</ref>
Her father renounced, on [[9 March]] [[1859]], his rights as firstborn son, and Henriette (or Henrietta) Mendel was created Baroness of Wallersee (''Freifrau von Wallersee'') on [[19 May]] [[1859]] in preparation for their [[morganatic marriage]] on [[28 May]][[1859]] in Augsburg. From [[28 May]] [[1859]], Marie was thus a Baroness of Wallersee (''Freiin von Wallersee''). <ref name=GHDA>{{cite book |title= Genealogisches Handbuch des Adels: Gräfliche Häuser A Band II |last= von Ehrenkrook |first= Hans Friedrich |authorlink= |coauthors= |year= 1955|publisher= C. A. Starke Verlag|location= Glücksburg/Ostsee |isbn= 3-7980-0710-1|page= 245}}</ref>


⚫
Marie became the confidante of her aunt, the Empress Elisabeth of Austria, being selected at least partly because of her skills on [[Horseback riding|horseback]]. Countess Festetics was jealous and talked into the empress to give her a husband. The countess elected the boring Count Georg Larisch-Moennich because he lived far away and had no influence at the court. On [[20 October]] [[1877]] at Jagdschloß [[Gödöllő]] in [[Hungary]] she married Count Georg Larisch of Moennich, Baron of Ellgoth and Karwin (1855-1928). <ref name=GHDA/> The marriage had been arranged by the Empress. They lived in Bohemia. So the relation to the empress got cooler, but Marie Louise played her roll in the Viennese society. Marie had five children during this marriage, though only the first two were indisputably fathered by her husband: their first-born was [[oceanographer]] Franz-Joseph Ludwig Georg Maria, Count Larisch of Moennich, Baron of Ellgoth and Karwin (1878-1937), followed by Marie Valerie (1879-1915). In Pardubitz (riding-center) she came again in contact to the family of Helene Vetsera, who she learned in Gödöllö in 1876. Her brother Heinrich got the father of the next two children, Marie Henriette (1884-1907) and Georg Heinrich(1886-1909). Her husband accepted them as his own.
Marie became the confidante of her aunt, the Empress Elisabeth of Austria, being selected at least partly because of her skills on [[Horseback riding|horseback]]. Their relationship was shattered by the revelation, after [[Crown Prince Rudolf of Austria|Crown Prince Rudolf]]'s death at [[The Mayerling Incident|Mayerling]], that Marie had acted as go-between for him and his lover, [[Baroness Mary Vetsera]].
In 1888 baroness Mary Vetsera (born 1871) adored Crownprince Rudolf and wrote him a letter. He was pleased about and as Marie Louise was obliged to him (her cousin payed some accounts for gowns, because Count Georg did not), and to the friendship to Helene Vetsera, she arranged some meetings. The Crownprince utilized the naive love for his purposes: he needed somebody to commit suicide. He played a false role. After a scandal in the opera beginning of december - Mary thought to be real concurrence for Crownprincess Stephanie - Marie Louise retired and Mary and Rudolf found other helpers, a housemaid and the coacher Bratfisch. Rudolf enforced Mary to commit suicide, because a marriage in love would not be possible. After a conflict will his father, Emperor Franz Joseph, Rudolf begged the Countess Larisch to bring Mary to the Hofburg at January, 28., 1889. Bratfisch brought her to the castle Mayerling in Lower Austria and in the night to 30 th Rudolf murdered her and committed suicide in the morning. His own letters to Mary and Marie Louise, which he wanted to get back he had burnt, but these of the ladies were found and the Countess was guilty! So the relationship to the Empress was shattered by the revelation, after [[Crown Prince Rudolf of Austria|Crown Prince Rudolf]]'s death at [[The Mayerling Incident|Mayerling]], that Marie had acted as go-between for him and his lover, [[Baroness Mary Vetsera]]. Countess Marie retired to her house in Bavaria, the Count lived in Silesia.
When there was born Friedrich Karl (1894-1929) it was obvious, that Georg was not the father.
⚫
They divorced on [[3 December]] [[1896]]. On [[15 May]] [[1897]] at [[Munich]] Marie Louise married the opera-singer Otto Brucks (1854-1914). <ref name=Sokop>p. 239</ref>They had one child, Otto (1899-1977) and lived in Munich and in Metz, where Otto got director of the theatre in 1906.


⚫
End of the century Marie needed money, because her new husband did not get engagements for her past ("that countess Larisch, who...in Mayerling"). She wrote her memoirs to her Imperial and Royal relatives. Of course the Imperial Court did not want and paid her money not to publish them. She got cash and a pension for her children. There had been journalists, editors, ghostwriters around her hoping to make a good deal and there were some contracts with the court "[[hush money]]" not to publish her [[memoirs. Later in 1913 she, of course, published her memoirs anyway — a series of [[Ghostwriter|ghost-written]] works which are factually undependable. <ref name=Powell>{{cite book |title= A Substantial Ghost|last= Powell |first= Violet |authorlink= |coauthors= |year= 1967 |publisher= Heinemann |location= London |isbn= |pages= }}</ref><ref name=ffoulkes>{{cite book |title= My Own Past|last= ffoulkes|first= Maude M. C.|authorlink= |coauthors= |year= 1915|publisher= Cassell and Company, Ltd.|location= London, New York, Toronto and Melbourne|isbn= |pages= }}</ref>
⚫
On [[20 October]] [[1877]] at Jagdschloß [[Gödöllő]] in [[Hungary]] she married Count Georg Larisch of Moennich, Baron of Ellgoth and Karwin (1855-1928). <ref name=GHDA/> The marriage had been arranged by the Empress. They divorced on [[3 December]] [[1896]]. Marie had five children during this marriage, though only the first two were indisputably fathered by her husband: their first-born was [[oceanographer]] Franz-Joseph Ludwig Georg Maria, Count Larisch of Moennich, Baron of Ellgoth and Karwin (1878-1937), followed by Marie Valerie (1879-1915), Marie Henriette (1884-1907), Georg (1886-1909), and Friedrich Karl (1894-1929).
⚫
After her husbands death 1914 she worked as a nurse in World War I, after that as a dramaturg and actor in a film about Empress Elisabeth (1920). In that time Marie met the poet [[T. S. Eliot]], and part of their conversation found its way into his epochal poem ''[[The Waste Land]]''. <ref>Morris, George K. L., ''Partisan Review'', 21 no. 2, 1954.</ref><ref name=Eliot>{{cite book |title= The Waste Land: A Facsimile and Transcript of the Original Drafts including the annotations of Ezra Pound|last= Eliot |first= T. S.|authorlink= T. S. Eliot|coauthors= Valerie Eliot|year= 1971|publisher= Harcourt, Brace, Jovanovich|location= San Diego, New York, London|isbn= 0-15-194760-0|pages= }}</ref><ref name=Melodies>{{cite book |title= Melodies Unheard: Essays on the Mysteries of Poetry|last= Hecht|first= Anthony|authorlink= |coauthors= |year=2003 |publisher= Johns Hopkins University Press|location= |isbn= 0-8018-6956-0|pages= "Uncle Tom's Shantih", pp. 122–130 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url= http://world.std.com/~raparker/exploring/thewasteland/exmarie.html |title= Exploring ''The Waste Land''|accessdate=2008-03-01 |last= Parker |first= Rickard A.|format= |work= }}</ref>

1923 and 1924 she lived very poorly in Berlin, working as a housemaid and Mary Maus Ffoulkes, her ghostwriter of "My Past" 1913 wrote an article about the poor Countess and Imperial and Royal niece and her intentzion, to emigrate to America, if somebody will pay the ticket for her and her son Karl. It seemed the candidat was a rich man. So she married on [[2 September]] [[1924]] at [[Elizabeth, New Jersey]], the [[naturopath]] William H. Meyers (born 1859). They lived in [[Florida]] and he was angry, because he could not make money with her. She left him in 1926 because of violence and lived in New Jersey very poorly. <ref name=Sokop>p. 392</ref>. She got contact to Paul Maerker Branden, who made two books out of the stories of her live she told him confidently and he added "sensations". He betrayed her for her money out of these editions. In 1929 she went back to Germany in her birthtown Augsburg. Very poor and ill she tried to publish stories of her life, the American books about her aunts Elisabeth and Marie Sophie were translated. And again she was betrayed by people, making money with her memoirs.
⚫
On [[15 May]] [[1897]] at [[Munich]] she married musician Otto Brucks (1854-1914). <ref name=Sokop>p. 239</ref>They had one child, Otto (1899-1977).

⚫
Marie met and conversed with the poet [[T. S. Eliot]], and part of their conversation found its way into his epochal poem ''[[The Waste Land]]''. <ref>Morris, George K. L., ''Partisan Review'', 21 no. 2, 1954.</ref><ref name=Eliot>{{cite book |title= The Waste Land: A Facsimile and Transcript of the Original Drafts including the annotations of Ezra Pound|last= Eliot |first= T. S.|authorlink= T. S. Eliot|coauthors= Valerie Eliot|year= 1971|publisher= Harcourt, Brace, Jovanovich|location= San Diego, New York, London|isbn= 0-15-194760-0|pages= }}</ref><ref name=Melodies>{{cite book |title= Melodies Unheard: Essays on the Mysteries of Poetry|last= Hecht|first= Anthony|authorlink= |coauthors= |year=2003 |publisher= Johns Hopkins University Press|location= |isbn= 0-8018-6956-0|pages= "Uncle Tom's Shantih", pp. 122-130 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url= http://world.std.com/~raparker/exploring/thewasteland/exmarie.html |title= Exploring ''The Waste Land''|accessdate=2008-03-01 |last= Parker |first= Rickard A.|format= |work= }}</ref>

⚫
Marie is said to have been given a great deal of "[[hush money]]" not to publish her [[memoirs]], and to have accepted voluntary exile to the [[United States]] in exchange for an annual pension of $25,000. She, of course, published her memoirs anyway — a series of [[Ghostwriter|ghost-written]] works which are factually undependable. <ref name=Powell>{{cite book |title= A Substantial Ghost|last= Powell |first= Violet |authorlink= |coauthors= |year= 1967 |publisher= Heinemann |location= London |isbn= |pages= }}</ref><ref name=ffoulkes>{{cite book |title= My Own Past|last= ffoulkes|first= Maude M. C.|authorlink= |coauthors= |year= 1915|publisher= Cassell and Company, Ltd.|location= London, New York, Toronto and Melbourne|isbn= |pages= }}</ref>

On [[2 September]] [[1924]] at [[Elizabeth, New Jersey]], she married [[naturopath]] William H. Meyers (born 1859). They lived initially in [[New Jersey]] and later in [[Florida]]. They divorced in 1928. <ref name=Sokop>p. 392</ref>


Marie died in 1940 in a home for the elderly at [[Augsburg]] and is buried in Munich at the [[Ostfriedhof]]. <ref name=Sokop/>
Marie died in 1940 in a home for the elderly at [[Augsburg]] and is buried in Munich at the [[Ostfriedhof]]. <ref name=Sokop/>
Line 54: Line 51:
==Works==
==Works==
*1913: ''My Past''<ref name=MyPast>{{cite book |title= My Past|last= Larisch|first= Marie|authorlink= |coauthors= Maude Mary Chester ffoulkes|year= 1913|publisher= G. P. Putnam's Sons|location= New York & London |isbn= |pages= |url= http://world.std.com/~raparker/exploring/books/my_past.html }}</ref>
*1913: ''My Past''<ref name=MyPast>{{cite book |title= My Past|last= Larisch|first= Marie|authorlink= |coauthors= Maude Mary Chester ffoulkes|year= 1913|publisher= G. P. Putnam's Sons|location= New York & London |isbn= |pages= |url= http://world.std.com/~raparker/exploring/books/my_past.html }}</ref>
*1922: ''Behind the Scenes with the Kaiser''. <ref name=Scenes>{{cite book |title= Behind the Scenes with the Kaiser |last= Larisch|first= Marie|authorlink= |coauthors= |year= 1922|publisher= Hertag Publishing Co. |location= New York |isbn= |pages= }}</ref>
*1935: ''Secrets of a Royal House''<ref name=Secrets>{{cite book |title= Secrets of a Royal House |last= Larisch|first= Marie|authorlink= |coauthors= Paul Maerker Branden and Elsa Branden |year= 1935|publisher= John Long, Ltd. |location= London|isbn= |pages= }}</ref>
*1935: ''Secrets of a Royal House''<ref name=Secrets>{{cite book |title= Secrets of a Royal House |last= Larisch|first= Marie|authorlink= |coauthors= Paul Maerker Branden and Elsa Branden |year= 1935|publisher= John Long, Ltd. |location= London|isbn= |pages= }}</ref>
*1936: ''My Royal Relatives''. In this work she claims to have been the daughter of [[Marie, Queen of the Two Sicilies]] by a "Count Armand de Lavaÿss" who cannot be found outside the pages of this work. <ref name=Royal>{{cite book |title= My Royal Relatives|last= Larisch|first= Marie|authorlink= |coauthors= Paul Maerker Branden and Elsa Branden |year= 1936|publisher= John Long, Ltd. |location= London|isbn= |pages= }}</ref>
*1936: ''My Royal Relatives''. In this work she claims to have been the daughter of [[Marie, Queen of the Two Sicilies]] by a "Count Armand de Lavaÿss" who cannot be found outside the pages of this work. <ref name=Royal>{{cite book |title= My Royal Relatives|last= Larisch|first= Marie|authorlink= |coauthors= Paul Maerker Branden and Elsa Branden |year= 1936|publisher= John Long, Ltd. |location= London|isbn= |pages= }}</ref>

Revision as of 03:29, 14 December 2008

Marie Larish von Moennich
Countess Marie Larisch (L) and Baroness Mary Vetsera (R)
Born
Marie Louise Elizabeth Mendel

(1858-02-24)February 24, 1858
Augsburg, Bavaria
DiedJuly 4, 1940(1940-07-04) (aged 82)
Augsburg, Bavaria
Spouse(s)Count Georg Larisch of Moennich (1877-1896)
Otto Brucks (m.1897)
William H. Meyers (1924-1928)
Parent(s)Ludwig Wilhelm, Duke in Bavaria
Henriette Mendel

Countess Marie Louise Larisch von Moennich (also known as Countess Marie Louise Larisch-Wallersee) (24 February 1858 - 4 July 1940), niece and confidante of Empress Elisabeth of Austria, was born Marie Louise Elizabeth Mendel in Augsburg, Bavaria, the illegitimate daughter of Ludwig Wilhelm, Duke in Bavaria (1831-1920) and actress Henriette Mendel (1833-1891). [1][2]

Her father renounced, on 9 March 1859, his rights as firstborn son, and Henriette (or Henrietta) Mendel was created Baroness of Wallersee (Freifrau von Wallersee) on 19 May 1859 in preparation for their morganatic marriage on 28 May1859 in Augsburg. From 28 May 1859, Marie was thus a Baroness of Wallersee (Freiin von Wallersee). [3]

Marie became the confidante of her aunt, the Empress Elisabeth of Austria, being selected at least partly because of her skills on horseback. Countess Festetics was jealous and talked into the empress to give her a husband. The countess elected the boring Count Georg Larisch-Moennich because he lived far away and had no influence at the court. On 20 October 1877 at Jagdschloß Gödöllő in Hungary she married Count Georg Larisch of Moennich, Baron of Ellgoth and Karwin (1855-1928). [3] The marriage had been arranged by the Empress. They lived in Bohemia. So the relation to the empress got cooler, but Marie Louise played her roll in the Viennese society. Marie had five children during this marriage, though only the first two were indisputably fathered by her husband: their first-born was oceanographer Franz-Joseph Ludwig Georg Maria, Count Larisch of Moennich, Baron of Ellgoth and Karwin (1878-1937), followed by Marie Valerie (1879-1915). In Pardubitz (riding-center) she came again in contact to the family of Helene Vetsera, who she learned in Gödöllö in 1876. Her brother Heinrich got the father of the next two children, Marie Henriette (1884-1907) and Georg Heinrich(1886-1909). Her husband accepted them as his own. In 1888 baroness Mary Vetsera (born 1871) adored Crownprince Rudolf and wrote him a letter. He was pleased about and as Marie Louise was obliged to him (her cousin payed some accounts for gowns, because Count Georg did not), and to the friendship to Helene Vetsera, she arranged some meetings. The Crownprince utilized the naive love for his purposes: he needed somebody to commit suicide. He played a false role. After a scandal in the opera beginning of december - Mary thought to be real concurrence for Crownprincess Stephanie - Marie Louise retired and Mary and Rudolf found other helpers, a housemaid and the coacher Bratfisch. Rudolf enforced Mary to commit suicide, because a marriage in love would not be possible. After a conflict will his father, Emperor Franz Joseph, Rudolf begged the Countess Larisch to bring Mary to the Hofburg at January, 28., 1889. Bratfisch brought her to the castle Mayerling in Lower Austria and in the night to 30 th Rudolf murdered her and committed suicide in the morning. His own letters to Mary and Marie Louise, which he wanted to get back he had burnt, but these of the ladies were found and the Countess was guilty! So the relationship to the Empress was shattered by the revelation, after Crown Prince Rudolf's death at Mayerling, that Marie had acted as go-between for him and his lover, Baroness Mary Vetsera. Countess Marie retired to her house in Bavaria, the Count lived in Silesia. When there was born Friedrich Karl (1894-1929) it was obvious, that Georg was not the father. They divorced on 3 December 1896. On 15 May 1897 at Munich Marie Louise married the opera-singer Otto Brucks (1854-1914). [2]They had one child, Otto (1899-1977) and lived in Munich and in Metz, where Otto got director of the theatre in 1906.

End of the century Marie needed money, because her new husband did not get engagements for her past ("that countess Larisch, who...in Mayerling"). She wrote her memoirs to her Imperial and Royal relatives. Of course the Imperial Court did not want and paid her money not to publish them. She got cash and a pension for her children. There had been journalists, editors, ghostwriters around her hoping to make a good deal and there were some contracts with the court "hush money" not to publish her [[memoirs. Later in 1913 she, of course, published her memoirs anyway — a series of ghost-written works which are factually undependable. [4][5] After her husbands death 1914 she worked as a nurse in World War I, after that as a dramaturg and actor in a film about Empress Elisabeth (1920). In that time Marie met the poet T. S. Eliot, and part of their conversation found its way into his epochal poem The Waste Land. [6][7][8][9] 1923 and 1924 she lived very poorly in Berlin, working as a housemaid and Mary Maus Ffoulkes, her ghostwriter of "My Past" 1913 wrote an article about the poor Countess and Imperial and Royal niece and her intentzion, to emigrate to America, if somebody will pay the ticket for her and her son Karl. It seemed the candidat was a rich man. So she married on 2 September 1924 at Elizabeth, New Jersey, the naturopath William H. Meyers (born 1859). They lived in Florida and he was angry, because he could not make money with her. She left him in 1926 because of violence and lived in New Jersey very poorly. [2]. She got contact to Paul Maerker Branden, who made two books out of the stories of her live she told him confidently and he added "sensations". He betrayed her for her money out of these editions. In 1929 she went back to Germany in her birthtown Augsburg. Very poor and ill she tried to publish stories of her life, the American books about her aunts Elisabeth and Marie Sophie were translated. And again she was betrayed by people, making money with her memoirs.

Marie died in 1940 in a home for the elderly at Augsburg and is buried in Munich at the Ostfriedhof. [2]

Issue

Name Birth Death
Franz-Joseph Ludwig Georg Maria, Count Larisch of Moennich, Baron of Ellgoth and Karwin 1878 1937
Marie Valerie Franziska Georgine 1879 1915
Marie (Mary) Henriette Alexandra 1884 1907
Georg Heinrich Maria 1886 1909
Friedrich Karl Ludwig Maria 1894 1929
Otto Brucks, jr. 1899 1977

Notes

Regarding personal names: Gräfin is a title, translated as Countess, not a first or middle name. The masculine form is Graf. Regarding personal names: Freiin is a title, translated as Baroness, not a first or middle name. The title is for the unmarried daughters of a Freiherr.

Works

  • 1913: My Past[10]
  • 1935: Secrets of a Royal House[11]
  • 1936: My Royal Relatives. In this work she claims to have been the daughter of Marie, Queen of the Two Sicilies by a "Count Armand de Lavaÿss" who cannot be found outside the pages of this work. [12]

References

  1. ^ Tourtchine, Jean-Fred. Le Royaume de Baviére (Les Manuscrits du CEDRE). volume II, p. 29. {{cite book}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coauthors= (help); Unknown parameter |nopp= ignored (|no-pp= suggested) (help)
  2. ^ a b c d Sokop, Brigitte (1985). Jene Gräfin Larisch...: Marie Louise Gräfin Larisch-Wallersee: Vertraute der Kaiserin - Verfemte nach Mayerling. Wien, Köln, Graz: Hermann Böhlaus Nachf. ISBN 3-205-07231-6. {{cite book}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coauthors= (help) Cite error: The named reference "Sokop" was defined multiple times with different content (see the help page).
  3. ^ a b von Ehrenkrook, Hans Friedrich (1955). Genealogisches Handbuch des Adels: Gräfliche Häuser A Band II. Glücksburg/Ostsee: C. A. Starke Verlag. p. 245. ISBN 3-7980-0710-1. {{cite book}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coauthors= (help)
  4. ^ Powell, Violet (1967). A Substantial Ghost. London: Heinemann. {{cite book}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coauthors= (help)
  5. ^ ffoulkes, Maude M. C. (1915). My Own Past. London, New York, Toronto and Melbourne: Cassell and Company, Ltd. {{cite book}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coauthors= (help)
  6. ^ Morris, George K. L., Partisan Review, 21 no. 2, 1954.
  7. ^ Eliot, T. S. (1971). The Waste Land: A Facsimile and Transcript of the Original Drafts including the annotations of Ezra Pound. San Diego, New York, London: Harcourt, Brace, Jovanovich. ISBN 0-15-194760-0. {{cite book}}: Unknown parameter |coauthors= ignored (|author= suggested) (help)
  8. ^ Hecht, Anthony (2003). Melodies Unheard: Essays on the Mysteries of Poetry. Johns Hopkins University Press. pp. "Uncle Tom's Shantih", pp. 122–130. ISBN 0-8018-6956-0. {{cite book}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coauthors= (help)
  9. ^ Parker, Rickard A. "Exploring The Waste Land". Retrieved 2008-03-01.
  10. ^ Larisch, Marie (1913). My Past. New York & London: G. P. Putnam's Sons. {{cite book}}: Unknown parameter |coauthors= ignored (|author= suggested) (help)
  11. ^ Larisch, Marie (1935). Secrets of a Royal House. London: John Long, Ltd. {{cite book}}: Unknown parameter |coauthors= ignored (|author= suggested) (help)
  12. ^ Larisch, Marie (1936). My Royal Relatives. London: John Long, Ltd. {{cite book}}: Unknown parameter |coauthors= ignored (|author= suggested) (help)
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