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place of death = [[Southfield, Michigan]]|}}
place of death = [[Southfield, Michigan]]|}}


'''John Francis [[Cardinal (Catholicism)|Cardinal]] Dearden''' ([[October 15]], [[1907]]—[[August 1]], [[1988]]) was an [[United States|American]] [[prelate]] of the [[Roman Catholic Church]]. He served as [[Archbishop of Detroit]] from [[1958]] to [[1980]], and was elevated to the [[Cardinal (Catholicism)|cardinalate]] in [[1969]].
'''John Francis [[Cardinal (Catholicism)|Cardinal]] Dearden''' ([[October 15]], [[1907]]—[[August 1]], [[1988]]) was an [[United States|American]] [[prelate]] of the [[Roman Catholic Church]]. He served as [[Archbishop of Detroit]] from 1958 to 1980, and was elevated to the [[Cardinal (Catholicism)|cardinalate]] in 1969.


==Biography==
==Biography==
John Francis Dearden was born in [[Valley Falls, Rhode Island]] to John Sidney Dearden and his wife Agnes Gregory. He attended [[Primary education|elementary school]] at Holy Trinity School and later at St. Philomena School in [[Cleveland, Ohio]], where his family moved in [[1918]]. Dearden also studied at [[Notre Dame-Cathedral Latin High School|Cathedral Latin School]] and the [[Diocese|archdiocesan]] [http://www.stmarysem.edu St. Mary's Seminary]. Dearden did [[Graduate school|graduate work]] in [[Rome]] at the [[North American College]] and the [[Pontifical Gregorian University]]. On [[December 8]], [[1932]], he was [[Holy Orders|ordained]] to the [[Priesthood (Catholic Church)|priesthood]] by [[Francesco Cardinal Marchetti-Selvaggiani]], and then finished his studies in [[1934]]. Dearden served in [[Parish (Catholic Church)|parish]] assignments in [[Ohio]] until [[1937]], when he was named a [[professor]] of [[philosophy]] at St. Mary Seminary, of which he was [[rector]] from [[1944]] to [[1948]]. He was raised to the rank of [[Monsignor]] on [[July 19]], [[1945]].
John Francis Dearden was born in [[Valley Falls, Rhode Island]] to John Sidney Dearden and his wife Agnes Gregory. He attended [[Primary education|elementary school]] at Holy Trinity School and later at St. Philomena School in [[Cleveland, Ohio]], where his family moved in 1918. Dearden also studied at [[Notre Dame-Cathedral Latin High School|Cathedral Latin School]] and the [[Diocese|archdiocesan]] [http://www.stmarysem.edu St. Mary's Seminary]. Dearden did [[Graduate school|graduate work]] in [[Rome]] at the [[North American College]] and the [[Pontifical Gregorian University]]. On [[December 8]], [[1932]], he was [[Holy Orders|ordained]] to the [[Priesthood (Catholic Church)|priesthood]] by [[Francesco Cardinal Marchetti-Selvaggiani]], and then finished his studies in 1934. Dearden served in [[Parish (Catholic Church)|parish]] assignments in [[Ohio]] until 1937, when he was named a [[professor]] of [[philosophy]] at St. Mary Seminary, of which he was [[rector]] from 1944 to 1948. He was raised to the rank of [[Monsignor]] on [[July 19]], [[1945]].


On [[March 13]], 1948, he was appointed [[Coadjutor bishop|Coadjutor Bishop]] of [[Roman Catholic Diocese of Pittsburgh|Pittsburgh]] and [[Titular bishop|Titular Bishop]] of ''Sarepta''. Dearden received his [[Bishop (Catholic Church)|episcopal consecration]] on the following [[May 18]] from [[Amleto Giovanni Cardinal Cicognani|Archbishop Amleto Cicognani]], with Bishops [[Roman Catholic Diocese of Cleveland|Edward Hoban]] and Floyd Begin serving as [[Consecrator|co-consecrators]]. Dearden's stern manner of administration during this time even earned him the nickname of "Iron John"<ref>TIME Magazine. [http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,900758,00.html A New Model from Detroit] [[April 11]], [[1969]]</ref>. He succeeded the late [[Hugh Charles Boyle]] as [[Roman Catholic Diocese of Pittsburgh|Bishop of Pittsburgh]] on [[December 22]], [[1950]], and was later named [[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Detroit|Archbishop of Detroit]] on [[December 18]], [[1958]].
On [[March 13]], 1948, he was appointed [[Coadjutor bishop|Coadjutor Bishop]] of [[Roman Catholic Diocese of Pittsburgh|Pittsburgh]] and [[Titular bishop|Titular Bishop]] of ''Sarepta''. Dearden received his [[Bishop (Catholic Church)|episcopal consecration]] on the following [[May 18]] from [[Amleto Giovanni Cardinal Cicognani|Archbishop Amleto Cicognani]], with Bishops [[Roman Catholic Diocese of Cleveland|Edward Hoban]] and Floyd Begin serving as [[Consecrator|co-consecrators]]. Dearden's stern manner of administration during this time even earned him the nickname of "Iron John"<ref>TIME Magazine. [http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,900758,00.html A New Model from Detroit] [[April 11]], [[1969]]</ref>. He succeeded the late [[Hugh Charles Boyle]] as [[Roman Catholic Diocese of Pittsburgh|Bishop of Pittsburgh]] on [[December 22]], [[1950]], and was later named [[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Detroit|Archbishop of Detroit]] on [[December 18]], [[1958]].


He attended the [[Second Vatican Council]] from [[1962]] to [[1965]]. At the Council, Dearden became exceedingly more [[Liberalism|liberal]] in his views<ref>Catholic New Times. [http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m0MKY/is_4_28/ai_n13455687 Cardinal 'Iron John' Dearden: The 'Prince' Who Became a Servant] [[February]] [[2004]]</ref>, and soon became a leading progressive voice in the Church<ref>TIME Magazine. [http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,840025,00.html Princely Promotions] [[April 4]], [[1969]]</ref> <ref>TIME Magazine. [http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,945315,00.html A Healer for Catholics] [[December 2]], [[1974]]</ref>. He was dedicated to implementing the Council's reforms; particularly, he gave priests and the [[laity]] a greater partcipation in dealing with such matters as liturgy, education, and finances<ref>Ibid.</ref>. From [[1966]] to [[1971]], Dearden served as the first President of the [[United States Conference of Catholic Bishops|National Conference of Catholic Bishops]]. He was also seen as one of the likely candidates to succeed [[Francis Cardinal Spellman]] as [[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of New York|Archbishop of New York]]<ref>TIME Magazine. [http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,837620-2,00.html Choosing a Successor] [[December 15]], [[1967]]</ref> <ref>TIME Magazine. [http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,838030,00.html Succession to Spellman] [[March 15]], [[1968]]</ref>.
He attended the [[Second Vatican Council]] from 1962 to 1965. At the Council, Dearden became exceedingly more [[Liberalism|liberal]] in his views<ref>Catholic New Times. [http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m0MKY/is_4_28/ai_n13455687 Cardinal 'Iron John' Dearden: The 'Prince' Who Became a Servant] February 2004</ref>, and soon became a leading progressive voice in the Church<ref>TIME Magazine. [http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,840025,00.html Princely Promotions] [[April 4]], [[1969]]</ref> <ref>TIME Magazine. [http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,945315,00.html A Healer for Catholics] [[December 2]], [[1974]]</ref>. He was dedicated to implementing the Council's reforms; particularly, he gave priests and the [[laity]] a greater partcipation in dealing with such matters as liturgy, education, and finances<ref>Ibid.</ref>. From 1966 to 1971, Dearden served as the first President of the [[United States Conference of Catholic Bishops|National Conference of Catholic Bishops]]. He was also seen as one of the likely candidates to succeed [[Francis Cardinal Spellman]] as [[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of New York|Archbishop of New York]]<ref>TIME Magazine. [http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,837620-2,00.html Choosing a Successor] [[December 15]], [[1967]]</ref> <ref>TIME Magazine. [http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,838030,00.html Succession to Spellman] [[March 15]], [[1968]]</ref>.


[[Pope Paul VI]] created him [[Cardinal (Catholicism)|Cardinal Priest]] of ''[[List of titular churches in Rome|S. Pio X alla Balduina]]'' in the [[consistory]] of [[April 28]], [[1969]]. During the 1971 [[Synod|Synod of Bishops]] in [[Vatican City]], Dearden suggested that the sociological and psychological aspects of the priesthood be investigated<ref>TIME Magazine. [http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,910127,00.html Strengthening Paul's Hand] [[October 18]], [[1971]]</ref>. He was also one of the [[Cardinal electors in Papal conclaves, August and October 1978|cardinal electors]] who participated in the [[Papal conclave|conclaves]] of [[Papal conclave, August 1978|August]] and [[Papal conclave, October 1978|October 1978]], which selected [[Pope John Paul I]] and [[Pope John Paul II]] respectively. On [[July 15]], [[1980]], he resigned as Detroit's archbishop, after twenty-one years of service.
[[Pope Paul VI]] created him [[Cardinal (Catholicism)|Cardinal Priest]] of ''[[List of titular churches in Rome|S. Pio X alla Balduina]]'' in the [[consistory]] of [[April 28]], [[1969]]. During the 1971 [[Synod|Synod of Bishops]] in [[Vatican City]], Dearden suggested that the sociological and psychological aspects of the priesthood be investigated<ref>TIME Magazine. [http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,910127,00.html Strengthening Paul's Hand] [[October 18]], [[1971]]</ref>. He was also one of the [[Cardinal electors in Papal conclaves, August and October 1978|cardinal electors]] who participated in the [[Papal conclave|conclaves]] of [[Papal conclave, August 1978|August]] and [[Papal conclave, October 1978|October 1978]], which selected [[Pope John Paul I]] and [[Pope John Paul II]] respectively. On [[July 15]], [[1980]], he resigned as Detroit's archbishop, after twenty-one years of service.
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*Dearden once survived a [[Myocardial infarction|heart attack]]<ref>TIME Magazine. [http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,919865-5,00.html The September Pope] [[October 9]], [[1978]]</ref>.
*Dearden once survived a [[Myocardial infarction|heart attack]]<ref>TIME Magazine. [http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,919865-5,00.html The September Pope] [[October 9]], [[1978]]</ref>.
*He was elected President of the NCCB on its third round of balloting<ref>TIME Magazine. [http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,843122,00.html Democracy for Bishops] [[November 25]], [[1966]]</ref>.
*He was elected President of the NCCB on its third round of balloting<ref>TIME Magazine. [http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,843122,00.html Democracy for Bishops] [[November 25]], [[1966]]</ref>.
*Following the [[Watergate scandal]], the Cardinal asked Catholics to observe the first three [[Friday|Fridays]] of [[November]] [[1973]] with [[Prayer in Christianity|prayer]], [[penance]], and [[Fasting and Abstinence in the Roman Catholic Church|fasting]]<ref>TIME Magazine. [http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,919865-5,00.html Keep the Faith] [[November 19]], [[1973]]</ref>.
*Following the [[Watergate scandal]], the Cardinal asked Catholics to observe the first three Fridays of November 1973 with [[Prayer in Christianity|prayer]], [[penance]], and [[Fasting and Abstinence in the Roman Catholic Church|fasting]]<ref>TIME Magazine. [http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,919865-5,00.html Keep the Faith] [[November 19]], [[1973]]</ref>.


==References==
==References==
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{{succession box |
title=[[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Detroit|Archbishop of Detroit]] |
title=[[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Detroit|Archbishop of Detroit]] |
before=[[Edward Cardinal Mooney]]|
before=[[Edward Cardinal Mooney]]|
after=[[Edmund Cardinal Szoka]]|
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years=[[1958]]&ndash;[[1980]] }}
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Revision as of 16:43, 27 May 2007

Template:Infobox cardinalbiog

John Francis Cardinal Dearden (October 15, 1907—August 1, 1988) was an American prelate of the Roman Catholic Church. He served as Archbishop of Detroit from 1958 to 1980, and was elevated to the cardinalate in 1969.

Biography

John Francis Dearden was born in Valley Falls, Rhode Island to John Sidney Dearden and his wife Agnes Gregory. He attended elementary school at Holy Trinity School and later at St. Philomena School in Cleveland, Ohio, where his family moved in 1918. Dearden also studied at Cathedral Latin School and the archdiocesan St. Mary's Seminary. Dearden did graduate work in Rome at the North American College and the Pontifical Gregorian University. On December 8, 1932, he was ordained to the priesthood by Francesco Cardinal Marchetti-Selvaggiani, and then finished his studies in 1934. Dearden served in parish assignments in Ohio until 1937, when he was named a professor of philosophy at St. Mary Seminary, of which he was rector from 1944 to 1948. He was raised to the rank of Monsignor on July 19, 1945.

On March 13, 1948, he was appointed Coadjutor Bishop of Pittsburgh and Titular Bishop of Sarepta. Dearden received his episcopal consecration on the following May 18 from Archbishop Amleto Cicognani, with Bishops Edward Hoban and Floyd Begin serving as co-consecrators. Dearden's stern manner of administration during this time even earned him the nickname of "Iron John"[1]. He succeeded the late Hugh Charles Boyle as Bishop of Pittsburgh on December 22, 1950, and was later named Archbishop of Detroit on December 18, 1958.

He attended the Second Vatican Council from 1962 to 1965. At the Council, Dearden became exceedingly more liberal in his views[2], and soon became a leading progressive voice in the Church[3] [4]. He was dedicated to implementing the Council's reforms; particularly, he gave priests and the laity a greater partcipation in dealing with such matters as liturgy, education, and finances[5]. From 1966 to 1971, Dearden served as the first President of the National Conference of Catholic Bishops. He was also seen as one of the likely candidates to succeed Francis Cardinal Spellman as Archbishop of New York[6] [7].

Pope Paul VI created him Cardinal Priest of S. Pio X alla Balduina in the consistory of April 28, 1969. During the 1971 Synod of Bishops in Vatican City, Dearden suggested that the sociological and psychological aspects of the priesthood be investigated[8]. He was also one of the cardinal electors who participated in the conclaves of August and October 1978, which selected Pope John Paul I and Pope John Paul II respectively. On July 15, 1980, he resigned as Detroit's archbishop, after twenty-one years of service.

Dearden died from pancreatic cancer in Southfield, Michigan, at age 80[9]. He is buried in Holy Sepulchre Catholic Cemetery in the same city.

Trivia

References

  1. ^ TIME Magazine. A New Model from Detroit April 11, 1969
  2. ^ Catholic New Times. Cardinal 'Iron John' Dearden: The 'Prince' Who Became a Servant February 2004
  3. ^ TIME Magazine. Princely Promotions April 4, 1969
  4. ^ TIME Magazine. A Healer for Catholics December 2, 1974
  5. ^ Ibid.
  6. ^ TIME Magazine. Choosing a Successor December 15, 1967
  7. ^ TIME Magazine. Succession to Spellman March 15, 1968
  8. ^ TIME Magazine. Strengthening Paul's Hand October 18, 1971
  9. ^ The New York Times. John Cardinal Dearden, 80, Dies; Leading Liberal Voice in Church August 2, 1988
  10. ^ TIME Magazine. The September Pope October 9, 1978
  11. ^ TIME Magazine. Democracy for Bishops November 25, 1966
  12. ^ TIME Magazine. Keep the Faith November 19, 1973
  • Glenn, Francis A. (1993). Shepherds of the Faith 1843-1993: A Brief History of the Bishops of the Catholic Diocese of Pittsburgh. Pittsburgh: Catholic Diocese of Pittsburgh. ISBN none.
  • "John Francis Cardinal Dearden". Catholic-Hierarchy.org. Retrieved 2006-10-06.


Preceded by Bishop of Pittsburgh
1950–1958 		Succeeded by
Preceded by Archbishop of Detroit
1958–1980 		Succeeded by
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