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{{Infobox language family
{{Infobox language family
|name = Luo
|name = Luo
|altname = Lwo
|altname = Lwo, Lwoo, Luwoian
|ethnicity = [[Luo peoples]]
|ethnicity = [[Luo peoples]]
|region = southwestern [[Ethiopia]], [[South Sudan]], [[Sudan]], northeastern [[Democratic Republic of the Congo|Congo (DRC)]], northern [[Uganda]], southwestern [[Kenya]], northern [[Tanzania]]
|region = southwestern [[Ethiopia]], [[South Sudan]], [[Sudan]], northeastern [[Democratic Republic of the Congo|Congo (DRC)]], northern [[Uganda]], southwestern [[Kenya]], northern [[Tanzania]]
|familycolor = Nilo-Saharan
|familycolor = Nilo-Saharan
|fam2 = [[Eastern Sudanic languages|Eastern Sudanic]]?
|fam2 = [[Eastern Sudanic languages|Eastern Sudanic]]
|fam3 = [[Southern Eastern Sudanic languages|Kir–Abbaian]]?
|fam3 = [[Southern Eastern Sudanic languages|Southern Eastern]]
|fam4 = [[Nilotic languages|Nilotic]]
|fam4 = [[Nilotic languages|Nilotic]]
|fam5 = [[Western Nilotic languages|Western Nilotic]]
|fam5 = [[Western Nilotic languages|Western]]
|child1 = Northern
|child1 = Northern
|child2 = [[Southern Luo language|Southern]]
|child2 = [[Southern Luo language|Southern]]
|glotto = lwoo1234
|glotto = lwoo1234
|glottorefname =
|glottorefname = Lwoo
}}
}}
The dozen '''Luo''', '''Lwo''' or '''Lwoian''' languages are spoken by the [[Luo peoples]] in an area ranging from southern [[Sudan]] to western Ethiopia to southern [[Kenya]], with [[Dholuo]] extending into northern [[Tanzania]] and [[Alur language|Alur]] into the [[Democratic Republic of the Congo]]. They form one of the two branches of the [[Western Nilotic languages|Western Nilotic]] family, the other being the [[Dinka language|Dinka]]–[[Nuer language|Nuer]]. The Southern Luo varieties are [[Mutual intelligibility|mutually intelligible]], and apart from ethnic identity they might be considered a single language.{{Citation needed|date=November 2023}}
The dozen '''Luo''', '''Lwo''' or '''Lwoian''' languages are spoken by the [[Luo peoples]] in an area ranging from southern [[Sudan]] to western Ethiopia to southern [[Kenya]], with [[Dholuo]] extending into northern [[Tanzania]] and [[Alur language|Alur]] into the [[Democratic Republic of the Congo]]. They form one of the two branches of the [[Western Nilotic languages|Western Nilotic]] family, the other being the [[Dinka language|Dinka]]–[[Nuer language|Nuer]]. The Southern Luo varieties are [[Mutual intelligibility|mutually intelligible]], and apart from ethnic identity they might be considered a single language.{{Citation needed|date=November 2023}}
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The time depth of the division of the Luo languages is moderate, perhaps close to two millennia. The division within the [[Southern Luo language]] dialect cluster is considerably shallower, perhaps five to eight centuries, reflecting migrations due to the impact of the [[Islamization of the Sudan region]].<ref>[[Bethwell Allan Ogot]], ''History of the Southern Luo: Volume 1, Migration and Settlement''.</ref>
The time depth of the division of the Luo languages is moderate, perhaps close to two millennia. The division within the [[Southern Luo language]] dialect cluster is considerably shallower, perhaps five to eight centuries, reflecting migrations due to the impact of the [[Islamization of the Sudan region]].<ref>[[Bethwell Allan Ogot]], ''History of the Southern Luo: Volume 1, Migration and Settlement''.</ref>


The Luo languages are classified within the [[Glottolog]] database as follows:<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://glottolog.org/resource/languoid/id/sout2831 |title=Glottolog 4.8 - Southern Lwoo |date=2023-07-10 |access-date=2023-11-20 |website=[[Glottolog]] |last=Hammarström |first=Harald |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231121024259/https://glottolog.org/resource/languoid/id/sout2831 |archive-date=2023-11-21 |url-status=live |publisher=[[Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology]] |author-link=Harald Hammarström |last2=Forkel |first2=Robert |publication-place=[[Leipzig]] |doi=10.5281/zenodo.7398962 |last3=Haspelmath |first3=Martin |author-link3=Martin Haspelmath |last4=Bank |first4=Sebastian |doi-access=free}}</ref>
The Luo languages are classified within the [[Glottolog]] database as follows:<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://glottolog.org/resource/languoid/id/lwoo1234 |title=Glottolog 5.0 - Lwoo |date=2024-03-11 |access-date=2024-05-06 |website=[[Glottolog]] |last=Hammarström |first=Harald |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240506212710/glottolog.org/resource/languoid/id/lwoo1234 |archive-date=2024-05-06 |url-status=live |publisher=[[Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology]] |author-link=Harald Hammarström |last2=Forkel |first2=Robert |publication-place=[[Leipzig]] |doi=10.5281/zenodo.7398962 |last3=Haspelmath |first3=Martin |author-link3=Martin Haspelmath |last4=Bank |first4=Sebastian |doi-access=free}}</ref>


{{Tree list}}
{{Tree list}}
* '''Lwoo'''
* '''Lwoo'''
** Northern Lwoo
** [[Northern Luo languages|Northern Lwoo]]
*** [[Anuak language|Anuak]]
*** [[Anuak language|Anuak]]
*** [[Belanda Bor language|Belanda Bor]]
*** [[Belanda Bor language|Belanda Bor]]

Latest revision as of 15:04, 7 May 2024

Not to be confused with Luo dialect or Luwo language.
For the language of Kenya and Tanzania known as Luo, see Dholuo. For the unclassified language of Atta in Cameroon, see Luo language (Cameroon).
Luo
Lwo, Lwoo, Luwoian
Geographic
distribution		southwestern Ethiopia, South Sudan, Sudan, northeastern Congo (DRC), northern Uganda, southwestern Kenya, northern Tanzania
EthnicityLuo peoples
Linguistic classificationNilo-Saharan?
Subdivisions
Language codes
Glottologlwoo1234

The dozen Luo, Lwo or Lwoian languages are spoken by the Luo peoples in an area ranging from southern Sudan to western Ethiopia to southern Kenya, with Dholuo extending into northern Tanzania and Alur into the Democratic Republic of the Congo. They form one of the two branches of the Western Nilotic family, the other being the Dinka–Nuer. The Southern Luo varieties are mutually intelligible, and apart from ethnic identity they might be considered a single language.[citation needed]

The time depth of the division of the Luo languages is moderate, perhaps close to two millennia. The division within the Southern Luo language dialect cluster is considerably shallower, perhaps five to eight centuries, reflecting migrations due to the impact of the Islamization of the Sudan region.[1]

The Luo languages are classified within the Glottolog database as follows:[2]

According to Mechthild Reh, the Northern Luo languages are classified as follows:[3]

Bibliography

[edit]
  • Gilley, Leoma G. 2004. "The Lwoian family." Occasional Papers in the Study of Sudanese Languages, 9, 165–174.

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Bethwell Allan Ogot, History of the Southern Luo: Volume 1, Migration and Settlement.
  2. ^ Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin; Bank, Sebastian (2024-03-11). "Glottolog 5.0 - Lwoo". Glottolog. Leipzig: Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology. doi:10.5281/zenodo.7398962. Archived from the original on 2024-05-06. Retrieved 2024-05-06.
  3. ^ Reh, Mechthild (1996): Anywa Language: Description and Internal Reconstructions. Köln: Rüdiger Köppe, p. 5.
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