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Vase by Max Laeuger, c. 1898, barbotine on earthenware

Max Laeuger (30 September 1864 – 12 December 1952) was a German architect, artist, and ceramicist. He was born and died in Lörrach, Baden-Württemberg.^[1]

Working initially in an Art Nouveau style, he was perhaps the most important figure in the relatively small German contribution to the art pottery movement, though he was a designer and decorator rather than a hands-on potter. As an architect he specialized in comfortable private houses, parks and public gardens, mostly in Germany. He was one of the founders of the Deutscher Werkbund in 1907.^[2]

Life

Tiles salvaged from his Het Kareol villa in Aerdenhout, Netherlands, 1911

From 1881 to 1884 he studied painting and interior design at the school of decorative arts in Karlsruhe, and was later professor of interior and garden design at the university there (now the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology) from 1894 until 1933. In German sources he is often given his professorial title, in the German way. He travelled to Italy in 1891, and then lived in Paris, where he studied painting at the private Académie Julian in 1891–92. Other major travels were to Rome and North Africa in 1905, and Spain, studying Islamic ceramics there, in 1912.^[3]

Between 1937 and 1939 he published a history of art in three volumes.^[4]

Pottery

He first became interested in pottery in 1885, visiting the Mayer pottery in Karlsruhe, and another, Manufakture Tonwerke, in Kandern in the Black Forest. He began to have his designs produced in Kandern from 1897, when Art Nouveau was already the dominant style trend, and continued to use the pottery there until 1914. By 1898 his pieces were on sale at the Paris shop of Siegfried Bing, "Maison de l'Art Nouveau" ("House of New Art"), which had given the movement its name. Later his works were sold at the German critic Julius Meier-Graefe's competitive gallery in Paris, La Maison Moderne (1897–1903).^[5]

His works won gold medals at both the Paris Exposition Universelle (1900) and the St. Louis World's Fair in 1904.^[6] These and smaller events were important for raising the profile of potters, especially those working in backwoods locations. Much later, in 1928 he won a bronze medal in the art competitions of the Amsterdam Olympic Games for his Hamburg Stadtpark.^[7]^[8]

In 1916 he took over the former premises of the Staatliche Majolika Manufaktur Karlsruhe to create his own pottery atelier; this was destroyed by Allied bombing in 1944,^[9] after which (at the age of 80) he returned to Lörrach for his remaining years.

Vase, Kandern, 1898-1900
Vase, Kandern, c. 1900
Vase, Kandern, 1900, for the Paris Exposition Universelle (1900)
Vase, Kandern, 1910
Ceramic Crucifixion relief for a church in Lörrach

Architecture and other work

Het Kareol, 1907–11, photo the year before it was demolished in 1979

He designed several large garden and park projects. Perhaps his major commission was for the huge villa Het Kareol, allegedly the largest private house built in the Netherlands in the 20th century, demolished in 1979, though some fragments survive. He started work there in 1907, and the project was completed in 1911. As well as the house, he designed the tiling which was a prominent feature of both the interior and exterior, and also the large gardens, bronze light fixtures and composed externsive drawings of the interior. The Villa Küchlin in Horben in the Black Forest was another country house, still rather large, and he designed a number of other houses for the wealthy.^[10]

The Hamburg Stadtpark was a highly prestigious commission, designed to give Hamburg a large central park along the lines of Munich's Englischer Garten, Berlin's Tiergarten, London's Hyde Park and Regent's Park, or New York's Central Park. A contest was held in 1908 for designs, which became bedevilled by "conflicts and secret maneuvers", exposing differing views on park design, as well as personal rivalries. No first prize was given, but Laeuger's design was one of three second prizes. After a period of tussling between several figures, including some very underhand dealing by the young Leberecht Migge, a compromise scheme was adopted, which pleased nobody. Laeuger rather bitterly saw it as his scheme stripped of some of its more architectural and expensive elements.^[11]

Between 1909 and 1912 he worked on the Gönneranlage estate in Baden-Baden, whose gardens, filled with sculpture and roses, are now a public park.^[12] From 1922 to 1925 he worked on the existing Wasserkunstanlage Paradies ("Paradise water-garden"), also in Baden-Baden, notably adding a sloping cascade of water in a sinuous Art Nouveau style. The Max-Laeuger Platz by the entrance is named in his honour.^[13]

In 1933 he designed a public memorial in Mannheim for Carl Benz (1844–1929), founder of Mercedes-Benz. Benz was an alumnus of the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology where Laeuger was a professor, and Laeuger also designed the architectural setting for a bust there of the former professor Heinrich Hertz, after whom the electrical unit is named. He designed stained-glass windows for St. Paul's Church, Basel.^[14]

Interior at Het Kareol, with tile panel
Villa Küchlin, Horben
Gönneranlage gardens
The cascade at Wasserkunstanlage Paradies
Drawing for a residential development in Horben, 1907

Notes

^ Opac; NDB
^ NDB; Junghanns, Kurt, Der Deutsche Werkbund. Sein erstes Jahrzehnt., p. 140, 1982, Berlin
^ Opac; NDB
^ Opac
^ Opac
^ Opac
^ Max Laeuger's profile at Sports Reference.com
^ "Max Laeuger". Olympedia. Retrieved 22 July 2020.
^ Opac
^ NDB
^ Haney, 55–60
^ Herrmann, Barbara, Baden-Baden, deine Mystik ist die Eleganz: Ein lebendiger Spaziergang in die Gegenwart mit einem Blick in die Vergangenheit (in German), 2016, TWENTYSIX, ISBN 3-7407-0617-1, 9783740706173, google books; NDB
^ Park website
^ "Paulus Church, Basel, Switzerland". All About Switzerland. Retrieved 4 September 2010.

References

Haney, David, When Modern Was Green: Life and Work of Landscape Architect Leberecht Migge, 2010, Routledge, ISBN 0-415-56138-8, 9780415561389, google books
"NDB" * Elisabeth Kessler-Slotta (1982), "Laeuger, Max", Neue Deutsche Biographie (in German), vol. 13, Berlin: Duncker & Humblot, pp. 405–406; (full text online)
"Opac": "Max Laeuger", Les Arts décoratifs, Centre de documentation des musées (in French)
DatabaseOlympics profile
Bio with image^{[permanent dead link]}

External links

Literature by and about Max Laeuger in the German National Library catalogue
Max Laeuger (1864–1952) (in German) saai.kit.edu
Max Laeuger artnet.com
Max Laeuger (1864–1952) (in German) Dreiläendermuseum
Max Laeuger (1864–1952) (in German) Baden-Baden

[1] Opac; NDB

[2] NDB; Junghanns, Kurt, Der Deutsche Werkbund. Sein erstes Jahrzehnt., p. 140, 1982, Berlin

[3] Opac; NDB

[4] Opac

[5] Opac

[6] Opac

[7] Max Laeuger's profile at Sports Reference.com

[8] "Max Laeuger". Olympedia. Retrieved 22 July 2020.

[9] Opac

[10] NDB

[11] Haney, 55–60

[12] Herrmann, Barbara, Baden-Baden, deine Mystik ist die Eleganz: Ein lebendiger Spaziergang in die Gegenwart mit einem Blick in die Vergangenheit (in German), 2016, TWENTYSIX, ISBN 3-7407-0617-1, 9783740706173, google books; NDB

[13] Park website

[14] "Paulus Church, Basel, Switzerland". All About Switzerland. Retrieved 4 September 2010.

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[2]

[3]

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@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
+{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2020}}
-[[File:Vase, Max Laeuger, Karlsruhe, made by Tonwerke Kandern, c. 1898, slip-painted earthenware - Germanisches Nationalmuseum - Nuremberg, Germany - DSC03170.jpg|thumb|Vase by Max Laeuger, c. 1898, [[barbotine]] on earthenware]]
+{{short description|German architect}}
+[[File:Vase, Max Laeuger, Karlsruhe, made by Tonwerke Kandern, c. 1898, slip-painted earthenware - Germanisches Nationalmuseum - Nuremberg, Germany - DSC03170 (cropped).jpg|thumb|Vase by Max Laeuger, c. 1898, [[barbotine]] on earthenware]]
-'''Max Laeuger''' (September 30, 1864 &ndash; December 12, 1952) was a German [[architecture|architect]] and [[ceramicist]]. He was born and died in [[Lörrach]], [[Baden-Württemberg]].
+'''Max Laeuger''' (30 September 1864&nbsp;– 12 December 1952) was a German [[architecture|architect]], artist, and [[Ceramic art|ceramicist]]. He was born and died in [[Lörrach]], [[Baden-Württemberg]].<ref>Opac; NDB</ref>
-Working initially in an [[Art Nouveau]] style, he was perhaps the most important figure in the relatively small German contribution to the [[art pottery]] movement, though he was a designer and decorator rather than a hands-on potter.  As an architect he specialized in parks and public gardens, mostly in Germany.  He was one of the founders of the [[Deutscher Werkbund]] in 1907.<ref>Junghanns, Kurt, ''Der Deutsche Werkbund. Sein erstes Jahrzehnt.'', p. 140, 1982, Berlin</ref>
+Working initially in an [[Art Nouveau]] style, he was perhaps the most important figure in the relatively small German contribution to the [[art pottery]] movement, though he was a designer and decorator rather than a hands-on potter.  As an architect he specialized in comfortable private houses, parks and public gardens, mostly in Germany.  He was one of the founders of the [[Deutscher Werkbund]] in 1907.<ref>NDB; Junghanns, Kurt, ''Der Deutsche Werkbund. Sein erstes Jahrzehnt.'', p. 140, 1982, Berlin</ref>
 ==Life==
 [[File:Het Kareol-tempel tile design (cropped).jpg|thumb|Tiles salvaged from his [[Het Kareol]] villa in [[Aerdenhout]], [[Netherlands]], 1911]]
-From 1881 to 1884 he studied painting and interior design at the school of decorative arts in [[Karlsruhe]], and was later professor of interior and garden design at the university there (now the [[Karlsruhe Institute of Technology]]) from 1894 until 1933.  He travelled to Italy in 1891, and then lived in Paris, where he studied painting at the private [[Académie Julian]] in 1891-92.  Other major travels were to Rome and North Africa in 1905, and Spain, studying Islamic ceramics there, in 1912.<ref>Opac</ref>
+From 1881 to 1884 he studied painting and interior design at the school of decorative arts in [[Karlsruhe]], and was later professor of interior and garden design at the university there (now the [[Karlsruhe Institute of Technology]]) from 1894 until 1933.  In German sources he is often given his professorial title, in the German way. He travelled to Italy in 1891, and then lived in Paris, where he studied painting at the private [[Académie Julian]] in 1891–92.  Other major travels were to Rome and North Africa in 1905, and Spain, studying Islamic ceramics there, in 1912.<ref>Opac; NDB</ref>
 Between 1937 and 1939 he published a history of art in three volumes.<ref>Opac</ref>
 ==Pottery==
-[[File:Pot van aardewerk, versierd in reliëf met gele citroenen en zwarte bladeren op een geelwitte fond, BK-1979-13 (cropped).jpg|thumb|Vase, Karlsruhe, 1921-25]]
+[[File:Pot van aardewerk, versierd in reliëf met gele citroenen en zwarte bladeren op een geelwitte fond, BK-1979-13 (cropped).jpg|thumb|Vase, Karlsruhe, 1921–25]]
+{{MedalTop}}
-He first became interested in pottery in 1885, visiting the Mayer pottery in Karlsruhe, and another, Manufakture Tonwerke, in [[Kandern]] in the [[Black Forest]].  He began to have his designs produced in Kandern from 1897, when [[Art Nouveau]] was already the dominant style trend, and continued to use the pottery there until 1914.  By 1898 his pieces were on sale at the Paris shop of [[Siegfried Bing]], "[[Maison de l'Art Nouveau]]" ("House of New Art"), which had given the movement its name.  Later his works were sold at the German critic [[Julius Meier-Graefe]]'s competitive gallery in Paris, La Maison Moderne (1897-1903).<ref>Opac</ref>
+{{MedalSport | [[Art competitions at the Summer Olympics|Art competitions]]}}
+{{MedalBronze| [[1928 Summer Olympics|1928 Amsterdam]] | [[Art competitions at the 1928 Summer Olympics|Town planning]]}}
+{{MedalBottom}}
+He first became interested in pottery in 1885, visiting the Mayer pottery in Karlsruhe, and another, Manufakture Tonwerke, in [[Kandern]] in the [[Black Forest]].  He began to have his designs produced in Kandern from 1897, when [[Art Nouveau]] was already the dominant style trend, and continued to use the pottery there until 1914.  By 1898 his pieces were on sale at the Paris shop of [[Siegfried Bing]], "[[Maison de l'Art Nouveau]]" ("House of New Art"), which had given the movement its name.  Later his works were sold at the German critic [[Julius Meier-Graefe]]'s competitive gallery in Paris, La Maison Moderne (1897–1903).<ref>Opac</ref>
-His works won gold medals at both the Paris [[Exposition Universelle (1900)]] and the [[St. Louis World's Fair]] in 1904.<ref>Opac</ref>  These and smaller events were important for raising the profile of potters, especially those working in backwoods locations.  Much later, in 1928 he won a bronze medal in the art competitions of the [[1928 Summer Olympics|Amsterdam Olympic Games]] for his [[Hamburg Stadtpark]].<ref>[https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/la/max-laeuger-1.html Max Laeuger's profile at Sports Reference.com]</ref>
+His works won gold medals at both the Paris [[Exposition Universelle (1900)]] and the [[St. Louis World's Fair]] in 1904.<ref>Opac</ref>  These and smaller events were important for raising the profile of potters, especially those working in backwoods locations.  Much later, in 1928 he won a bronze medal in the art competitions of the [[1928 Summer Olympics|Amsterdam Olympic Games]] for his [[Hamburg Stadtpark]].<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20200417221203/https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/la/max-laeuger-1.html Max Laeuger's profile at Sports Reference.com]</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.olympedia.org/athletes/920667 |title=Max Laeuger |work=Olympedia |accessdate=22 July 2020}}</ref>
-In 1916 he took over the former premises of the "Staatlichen Majolika Manufaktur de Karlsruhe" to create his own pottery atelier; this was destroyed by Allied bombing in 1944,<ref>Opac</ref> after which he returned to Lorrach.
+In 1916 he took over the former premises of the Staatliche Majolika Manufaktur Karlsruhe to create his own pottery atelier; this was destroyed by Allied bombing in 1944,<ref>Opac</ref> after which (at the age of 80) he returned to Lörrach for his remaining years.
 <gallery widths="150px" heights="200px">
 File:Max laüger per Manufakcture tonwerke, vaso ceramico, kandern 1898-1900 ca..JPG|Vase, Kandern, 1898-1900
-File:Vaas van aardewerk, versierd in reliëf met klaver in donkergroen en rood op een lichtgroene fond, BK-1979-11 (cropped).jpg||Vase, Kandern, c. 1900
+File:Vaas van aardewerk, versierd in reliëf met klaver in donkergroen en rood op een lichtgroene fond, BK-1979-11 (cropped).jpg|Vase, Kandern, c. 1900
 File:Max laüger per Manufakcture tonwerke, vaso ceramico, kandern 1900.JPG|Vase, Kandern, 1900, for the Paris [[Exposition Universelle (1900)]]
 File:Vaas met decor van bebladerde bomen in lichtgroen, bruinrood en zwart op groen fond, BK-1973-9 (cropped).jpg|Vase, Kandern, 1910
@@ Line 27: / Line 33: @@
 </gallery>
-==Architecture==
+==Architecture and other work==
-[[File:Voorgevel - Aerdenhout - 20004918 - RCE.jpg|thumb|[[Het Kareol]], 1907-11, photo the year before it was demolished in 1979]]
+[[File:Voorgevel - Aerdenhout - 20004918 - RCE.jpg|thumb|[[Het Kareol]], 1907–11, photo the year before it was demolished in 1979]]
-He designed several large garden and park projects. Perhaps his major commission was for the huge villa [[Het Kareol]], allegedly the largest private house built in the [[Netherlands]] in the 20th century, demolished in 1979, though some fragments survive. He started work there in 1907, and the project was completed in 1911. As well as the house, he designed the tiling which was a prominent feature of both the interior and exterior, and also the large gardens, now a public park.  The Villa Küchlin in [[Horben]] in the Black Forest was another country house, still rather large.
+He designed several large garden and park projects. Perhaps his major commission was for the huge villa [[Het Kareol]], allegedly the largest private house built in the [[Netherlands]] in the 20th century, demolished in 1979, though some fragments survive. He started work there in 1907, and the project was completed in 1911. As well as the house, he designed the tiling which was a prominent feature of both the interior and exterior, and also the large gardens, bronze light fixtures and composed externsive drawings of the interior.  The Villa Küchlin in [[Horben]] in the Black Forest was another country house, still rather large, and he designed a number of other houses for the wealthy.<ref>NDB</ref>
-The [[Hamburg Stadtpark]] was a highly prestigous commission, designed to give [[Hamburg]] a large central park along the lines of [[Munich]]'s [[Englischer Garten]], Berlin's [[Tiergarten (park)|Tiergarten]], London's [[Hyde Park]] and [[Regent's Park]], or New York's [[Central Park]].  A contest was held in 1908 for designs, which became bedevilled by "conflicts and secret maneuvers", exposing differing views on park design, as well as personal rivalries.  No first prize was given, but Lauger's design was one of three second prizes.  After a period of tussling between several figures, including some very underhand dealing by the young [[Leberecht Migge]], a compromise scheme was adopted, which pleased nobody.  Laeuger rather bitterly saw it as his scheme stripped of some of its more architectural and expensive elements.<ref>Haney, 55-60</ref>
+The [[Hamburg Stadtpark]] was a highly prestigious commission, designed to give [[Hamburg]] a large central park along the lines of [[Munich]]'s [[Englischer Garten]], Berlin's [[Tiergarten (park)|Tiergarten]], London's [[Hyde Park, London|Hyde Park]] and [[Regent's Park]], or New York's [[Central Park]].  A contest was held in 1908 for designs, which became bedevilled by "conflicts and secret maneuvers", exposing differing views on park design, as well as personal rivalries.  No first prize was given, but Laeuger's design was one of three second prizes.  After a period of tussling between several figures, including some very underhand dealing by the young [[Leberecht Migge]], a compromise scheme was adopted, which pleased nobody.  Laeuger rather bitterly saw it as his scheme stripped of some of its more architectural and expensive elements.<ref>Haney, 55–60</ref>
-Between 1909 and 1912 he worked on the Gönneranlage estate in [[Baden-Baden]], whose gardens, filled with sculpture, are now a public park.  From 1921 he worked on the existing Wasserkunstanlage Paradies ("Paradise water-garden"), also in Baden-Baden, notably adding a sloping cascade of water in an sinuous Art Nouveau style.
+Between 1909 and 1912 he worked on the Gönneranlage estate in [[Baden-Baden]], whose gardens, filled with sculpture and roses, are now a public park.<ref>Herrmann, Barbara, ''Baden-Baden, deine Mystik ist die Eleganz: Ein lebendiger Spaziergang in die Gegenwart mit einem Blick in die Vergangenheit'' (in German), 2016, TWENTYSIX,
+{{ISBN|3-7407-0617-1}}, 9783740706173, [https://books.google.com/books?id=UXxWCwAAQBAJ&pg=PT48 google books]; NDB</ref>  From 1922 to 1925 he worked on the existing Wasserkunstanlage Paradies ("Paradise water-garden"), also in Baden-Baden, notably adding a sloping cascade of water in a sinuous Art Nouveau style.  The Max-Laeuger Platz by the entrance is named in his honour.<ref>[http://www.paradies-baden-baden.de/ Park website]</ref>
-In 1933 he designed a public memorial in [[Mannheim]] for [[Carl Benz]] (1844-1929), founder of [[Mercedes-Benz]].  Benz was an alumnus of the [[Karlsruhe Institute of Technology]] where Laeuger was a professor, and Laeuger also designed the architectural setting for a bust there of the former professor [[Heinrich Hertz]], after whom the electrical unit is named.
+In 1933 he designed a public memorial in [[Mannheim]] for [[Carl Benz]] (1844–1929), founder of [[Mercedes-Benz]].  Benz was an alumnus of the [[Karlsruhe Institute of Technology]] where Laeuger was a professor, and Laeuger also designed the architectural setting for a bust there of the former professor [[Heinrich Hertz]], after whom the electrical unit is named.  He designed [[stained-glass]] windows for [[St. Paul's Church, Basel]].<ref>{{cite web | url = http://basel.all-about-switzerland.info/basel-pauluschurch-karl-moser.html | title = Paulus Church, Basel, Switzerland | accessdate = 4 September 2010 | publisher = All About Switzerland}}</ref>
-<gallery widths="170px" heights="200px">
+<gallery widths="170" heights="200">
 File:Eetkamer - Aerdenhout - 20004884 - RCE.jpg|Interior at [[Het Kareol]], with tile panel
-File:Villa Küchlin.jpg|Villa Küchlin, [[Horben]]
+File:Villa Küchlin in Horben-Bohrer 2.jpg|Villa Küchlin, [[Horben]]
 File:Baden-Baden-Goenneranlage-Josefinenbrunnen-06-gje.jpg|Gönneranlage gardens
 File:Wassertreppe Am Paradies - panoramio.jpg|The cascade at Wasserkunstanlage Paradies
 File:Projekt Villensiedlung Bohrertal in Horben, Bebauungsmodell von Max Laeuger, 1907.png|Drawing for a residential development in [[Horben]], 1907
 </gallery>
 ==Notes==
-{{commonscat}}
-{{MedalTop}}
-{{MedalSport | [[Art competitions at the Summer Olympics|Art competitions]]}}
-{{MedalBronze| [[1928 Summer Olympics|1928 Amsterdam]] | [[Art competitions at the 1928 Summer Olympics|Town planning]]}}
-{{MedalBottom}}
 {{Reflist}}
 ==References==
-*Haney, David, ''When Modern Was Green: Life and Work of Landscape Architect Leberecht Migge'', 2010, Routledge, ISBN 0415561388, 9780415561389, [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=W4axQhd5kNMC&pg=PA55 google books]
+*Haney, David, ''When Modern Was Green: Life and Work of Landscape Architect Leberecht Migge'', 2010, Routledge, {{ISBN|0-415-56138-8}}, 9780415561389, [https://books.google.com/books?id=W4axQhd5kNMC&pg=PA55 google books]
+*"NDB" * {{NDB|13|405|406|Laeuger, Max|Elisabeth Kessler-Slotta|118725882}}
 *"Opac": [http://opac.lesartsdecoratifs.fr/fiche/laeuger "Max Laeuger"], Les Arts décoratifs, Centre de documentation des musées (in French)
-* [http://www.databaseolympics.com/players/playerpage.htm?ilkid=L%C4UGEMAX01 DatabaseOlympics profile]{{dead link|date=June 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} <!-- name misspelt -->
+* [https://archive.today/20130121130404/http://www.databaseolympics.com/players/playerpage.htm?ilkid=L%C4UGEMAX01 DatabaseOlympics profile] <!-- name misspelt -->
 * [http://www.loerrach.de/servlet/PB/menu/1096759/index.html Bio with image]{{dead link|date=June 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}
+==Further reading==
+* Reinald Eckert: ''Zwei Parkanlagen des frühen 20. Jahrhunderts in Baden-Baden. Die Gönner-Anlage und das Paradies von Max Laeuger.'' In: ''[[Die Gartenkunst (Zeitschrift)|Die Gartenkunst]]'', 1 (2/1989), pp.&nbsp;266–278.
+* Elisabeth Kessler-Slotta: ''Max Laeuger (1864–1952). Sein graphisches, kunsthandwerkliches und keramisches Oeuvre.'' Saarbrücken 1985.
+* Arthur Mehlstäubler (Bearb.) ''Max Laeuger. Gesamt Kunst Werk.'' (Ausstellungskatalog) Badisches Landesmuseum, Karlsruhe 2014 / Dreiländermuseum, Lörrach 2014/2015.
+* Markus Moehring, Elke Seibert (Hrsg.): ''Max Laeuger. Die Sammlung in Lörrach.'' (= ''Lörracher Hefte, Rote Schriftenreihe des Museums am Burghof'' (now Dreiländermuseum), Heft 13.) Lörrach 2011.
+* Ulrich Maximilian Schumann: ''Das Phänomen Max Laeuger. Diplomatie im Auftrag der Kunst.'' In: Urs Robert Kaufmann (Hrsg.): ''Die Schweiz und der Deutsche Südwesten.'' (= ''Oberrheinische Studien'', Vol 25.) Ostfildern 2006, {{ISBN|3-7995-7825-0}}, pp.&nbsp;155–169
+== External links ==
+{{commons category}}
+* {{DNB portal|118725882}}
+* [https://www.saai.kit.edu/?glossary=laeuger-max Max Laeuger (1864–1952)] (in German) saai.kit.edu
+* [http://www.artnet.com/artists/max-laeuger/ Max Laeuger] artnet.com
+* [https://www.dreilaendermuseum.eu/Sammlung-Depot/Sammlungsschwerpunkte/Kunst/Max-Laeugers-Werk Max Laeuger (1864–1952)]  (in German) Dreiläendermuseum
+* [https://www.bad-bad.de/sehen/laeuger.htm Max Laeuger (1864–1952)] (in German) [[Baden-Baden]]
 {{Authority control}}
@@ Line 65: / Line 82: @@
 [[Category:1864 births]]
 [[Category:1952 deaths]]
-[[Category:German architects]]
+[[Category:19th-century German architects]]
 [[Category:Olympic bronze medalists in art competitions]]
-[[Category:Alumni of the Académie Julian]]
+[[Category:Académie Julian alumni]]
 [[Category:Medalists at the 1928 Summer Olympics]]
 [[Category:German ceramists]]
 [[Category:Art Nouveau architects]]
 [[Category:German landscape architects]]
+[[Category:Olympic competitors in art competitions]]
+[[Category:20th-century German architects]]
+[[Category:People from Lörrach]]

Authority control databases
International	ISNI VIAF FAST WorldCat
National	Germany United States Czech Republic Netherlands Croatia
Academics	CiNii
Artists	ULAN RKD Artists KulturNav 2 Museum of Modern Art Musée d'Orsay
People	Deutsche Biographie
Other	IdRef SNAC