Orontes I Sakavakyats: Difference between revisions
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Orontes 1 was a king of armenia and his name armenian people calls as eruand 1 sakavakyats. The Armenian language was not written back then, but this does not mean that the Armenian language did not exist Tags: Mobile edit Mobile web edit |
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#REDIRECT [[Orontes I]] |
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[[File:Cyrus interrogeant le roi d'Arménie, Noël Coypel.jpg|thumb|300px|"Cyrus interrogates the king of Armenia", painting by Noël Coypel, [[Museum of Grenoble]].]] |
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'''Orontes I Sakavakyats''' ({{lang-hy|'''Երվանդ Ա Սակավակյաց'''}}) was a legendary king of [[History of Armenia|Armenia]], who was the personification of the [[Orontid dynasty]]. |
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== In historiography == |
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Orontes appears in both in the ''[[Cyropaedia]]'' of the Greek soldier and historian [[Xenophon]] (died 354 BC) and the ''[[History of Armenia (book)|History of Armenia]]'' of the 5th-century Armenian historian [[Movses Khorenatsi]] (died 490s AD).{{sfn|Shahbazi|2017|pp=128–130, 132}} In the ''Cyropaedia'' Orontes is unnamed, whilst in the ''History of Armenia'' he is given the name of Orontes.{{sfn|Shahbazi|2017|pp=128–132}} |
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=== Xenophon === |
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According to the ''Cyropaedia'' of Xenophon, the unnamed "king of Armenia" had agreed to provide troops and pay yearly tribute to the [[Medes|Median]] king [[Astyages]] after being defeated by him. When Media was invaded by the [[Neo-Babylonian Empire|Chaldaeans]] during the reign of Astyages' son and successor [[Cyaxares]], the "king of Armenia" refused to help to him as he was obliged. As a result, [[Cyrus the Great|Cyrus]], who was the son of Astyages' daughter [[Mandane of Media|Mandana]], quickly led an expedition into Armenia. The "king of Armenia" sent his family, including his younger son Sabaris as well as the treasury to the mountains. They were, however, captured by the Persian commander Chrysantas. The Armenians panicked at the approach of Cyrus, who captured their "king". [[Tigranes (legendary)|Tigranes]], the elder son of the "king" and "who had been Cyrus' companion once on a hunt" returned from a journey abroad and convinced Cyrus to pardon the "king" and reinstall him.{{sfn|Shahbazi|2017|p=129}} |
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This account by Xenophon, which was not mentioned by [[Herodotus]] (died 425 BC), was considered "pure fabrication" by the [[Iranologist]] [[Alireza Shapur Shahbazi]]. Xenophon was known for creating ancient heroes by basing them on contemporary figures.{{sfn|Shahbazi|2017|p=129}} Tigranes was most likely based on the Persian [[hyparch]] Tigranes, who was the son-in-law of [[Struthas]] and lived in the same period as Xenophon.{{sfn|Shahbazi|2017|pp=128, 130}} |
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According to Shahbazi, the title of "king of Armenia" should not be taken seriously, as Xenophon also refers to the leader of [[Hyrcania]]ns and [[satrap]] of [[Bactria]] as "kings".{{sfn|Shahbazi|2017|p=130}} |
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=== Movses Khorenatsi === |
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The ''History of Armenia'' of Movses Khorenatsi was composed to serve as a "national" history of Armenia from the era of the giants to [[Arsacid dynasty of Armenia|Arsacid]] rule. According to the book, Eruand (Orontas/Aroandes/Orontes) "the Short-lived" was the father and predecessor of Tigranes.{{sfn|Shahbazi|2017|p=131}} |
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Scholarship has long agreed that the story is a mixture of history and various legends. Eruand "the Short-lived" was a personification of the [[Orontid dynasty]], the predecessors of the [[Artaxiad dynasty]], whose most distinguished ruler was [[Tigranes the Great]] ({{reign|95|55|era=BC}}).{{sfn|Shahbazi|2017|p=132}} |
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==References== |
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{{reflist|2}} |
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==Sources== |
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* {{cite journal|last=Shahbazi|first=A. Shapur|editor1-last=Badian|editor1-first=Ernst|year=2017|title=Irano-Hellenic Notes: 1. The Three Faces of Tigranes|journal=American Journal of Ancient History|publisher=De Gruyter|volume=2|issue=2|pages=124–136|doi=10.31826/9781463237547-002}} |
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{{Authority control}} |
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Sakavakyats, Orontes I}} |
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[[Category:Legendary Armenian people]] |
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Revision as of 13:37, 16 October 2024
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