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{{Short description|Species of fish}}
{{speciesbox
{{Speciesbox
| name = Roundtail chub
| name = Roundtail chub
| status = VU
| status = VU
| status_system = IUCN3.1
| status_system = IUCN3.1
| status_ref = <ref name=iucn>Lyons, T.J. & NatureServe 2019. Gila robusta. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2019: e.T62201A129987081. Downloaded on 24 July 2019.</ref>
| status_ref = <ref name=iucn>{{cite iucn|author=Lyons, T.J. |author2=NatureServe |year=2019 |title= ''Gila robusta'' |page= e.T62201A129987081 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-2.RLTS.T62201A129987081.en |access-date=24 July 2019}}</ref>
| image = Roundtail chub.JPG
| image = Roundtail chub.JPG
| genus = Gila
| genus = Gila
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}}
}}


The '''roundtail chub''' (''Gila robusta'') is a [[cyprinid]] [[fish]] in the genus ''[[Gila (fish)|Gila]]'', of southwestern [[North America]]. It is native to the [[Colorado River]] drainage basin, including the [[Gila River]] and other tributaries, and in several other rivers. It is part of the “''robusta'' complex”, which includes the ''Gila robusta robusta'', ''G.r. grahami'', and ''G.r. seminuda.''
The '''roundtail chub''' ('''''Gila robusta''''') is a [[cyprinid]] [[fish]] in the genus ''[[Gila (fish)|Gila]]'', of southwestern [[North America]]. It is native to the [[Colorado River]] [[drainage basin]], including the [[Gila River]] and other tributaries, and in several other rivers. It is part of the "''robusta'' complex", which includes the ''Gila robusta robusta'', ''G.r. grahami'', and ''G.r. seminuda''.


== Description ==
== Description ==
The body of the roundtail chub is significantly larger forward of the [[dorsal fin]], and posteriorly it is tapered towards the tail. The forehead area is concave. The mouth is largish, but does not reach as far as the pupil of the eye, and is overhung by the snout. The tail is deeply forked. Color is a grayish brown above, and a lighter shade below. Mature males sometimes acquire red-orange lower cheeks and paired fins during breeding season. Roundtail chub can reach almost {{convert|49|cm|in|round=0.5|abbr=on}}, but usually only grow to about {{convert|25|–|30|cm|in|round=0.5|abbr=on}}. Recently, it has been recorded at up to 43&nbsp;cm in length. <br />
The body of the roundtail chub is significantly larger forward of the [[dorsal fin]], and posteriorly it is tapered towards the tail. The forehead area is concave. The mouth is largish, but does not reach as far as the pupil of the eye, and is overhung by the snout. The tail is deeply forked. Color is a grayish brown above, and a lighter shade below. Mature males sometimes acquire red-orange lower cheeks and paired fins during breeding season. Roundtail chub can reach almost {{cvt|49|cm|in|round=0.5}}, but usually only grow to about {{cvt|25|–|30|cm|in|round=0.5}}. Recently, it has been recorded at up to {{cvt|43|cm}} in length. <br />
Roundtail chub are also described to be “trout-like” because they possess a large mouth with the lower lip outlined in black. However, they lack the adipose fins found on trout species.
Roundtail chub are also described to be "trout-like" because they possess a large mouth with the lower lip outlined in black. However, they lack the adipose fins found on trout species.


== Range ==
== Range ==
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* ''Gila robusta seminuda''
* ''Gila robusta seminuda''


The roundtail chub has been extirpated from the Zuni and San Francisco Rivers of New Mexico.<ref>Sublette, J.E., M.D. Hatch, and M. Sublette. 1990. The fishes of New Mexico. University of New Mexico Press, Albuquerque. pp. 17, 18, 126-129.</ref>
The roundtail chub has been extirpated from the Zuni and San Francisco Rivers of New Mexico.<ref>Sublette, J.E., M.D. Hatch, and M. Sublette. 1990. The fishes of New Mexico. University of New Mexico Press, Albuquerque. pp. 17, 18, 126–129.</ref>


In Arizona, specifically in Gila, Mohave, and Yavapai Counties, the roundtail chub occupies several tributaries: [[Fossil Creek]], Oak Creek, Burro Creek, Francis Creek, [[Big Sandy River (Arizona)|Big Sandy River]], [[Santa Maria River (Arizona)|Santa Maria River]], Boulder Creek, Trout Creek, Sycamore Creek, Beaverhead Springs, and throughout the [[Verde River]]. It is also found in the [[Gila River]] and the [[Rio Yaqui]]
In Arizona, specifically in Gila, Mohave, and Yavapai Counties, the roundtail chub occupies several tributaries: [[Fossil Creek]], Oak Creek, Burro Creek, Francis Creek, [[Big Sandy River (Arizona)|Big Sandy River]], [[Santa Maria River (Arizona)|Santa Maria River]], Boulder Creek, Trout Creek, Sycamore Creek, Beaverhead Springs, and throughout the [[Verde River]]. It is also found in the [[Gila River]] and the [[Rio Yaqui]]
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The decreasing population of the roundtail chub is primarily the result of habitat loss as well as predation and competition by non-native fish. Although the populations in the [[Salt River (Arizona)|Salt]] and [[Verde River]]s were stable ten years ago, they have been exponentially decreasing.<ref>Minckley, W.L. 1973. ''Fishes of Arizona''. Arizona Game and Fish Department, Phoenix. pp. 100–103.</ref> Recent conservation efforts include more research to determine the mechanisms of their sudden disappearance, and population surveys conducted by the Arizona Game and Fish and US Forest Service (in progress).
The decreasing population of the roundtail chub is primarily the result of habitat loss as well as predation and competition by non-native fish. Although the populations in the [[Salt River (Arizona)|Salt]] and [[Verde River]]s were stable ten years ago, they have been exponentially decreasing.<ref>Minckley, W.L. 1973. ''Fishes of Arizona''. Arizona Game and Fish Department, Phoenix. pp. 100–103.</ref> Recent conservation efforts include more research to determine the mechanisms of their sudden disappearance, and population surveys conducted by the Arizona Game and Fish and US Forest Service (in progress).


[[Arizona Game and Fish Department]] considers roundtail chub a sport fish. They put up a strong fight for anglers, and the meat is described as "firm, white and very mild tasting." Intermuscular bones or floating bones are present, which can be cut out prior to cooking.<ref>http://www.azgfd.gov/h_f/fish_roundtail_chub.shtml</ref>
[[Arizona Game and Fish Department]] considers roundtail chub a sport fish. They put up a strong fight for anglers, and the meat is described as "firm, white and very mild tasting." Intermuscular bones or floating bones are present, which can be cut out prior to cooking.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.azgfd.gov/h_f/fish_roundtail_chub.shtml |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20051122165116/http://www.azgfd.gov/h_f/fish_roundtail_chub.shtml |archive-date=2005-11-22 |title=Roundtail Chub}}</ref>


It is a candidate [[endangered species]] of the [[United States Fish and Wildlife Service]], under the [[Endangered Species Act]] criteria.<ref>[http://ecos.fws.gov/speciesProfile/profile/speciesProfile.action?spcode=E02Z USFWS —Species Profile for Roundtail chub (Gila robusta)] . accessed 6.16.2013</ref>
It is a candidate [[endangered species]] of the [[United States Fish and Wildlife Service]], under the [[Endangered Species Act]] criteria.<ref>[http://ecos.fws.gov/speciesProfile/profile/speciesProfile.action?spcode=E02Z USFWS —Species Profile for Roundtail chub (Gila robusta)] . accessed 6.16.2013</ref>


==References==
==References==
⚫
{{Commons category|Gila robusta|Gila robusta (Roundtail chub)}}
{{Reflist}}
{{Reflist}}
*[[Ira La Rivers]], ''Fishes and Fisheries of Nevada'' (University of Nevada Press, 1994), pp.&nbsp;388–390
*[[Ira La Rivers]], ''Fishes and Fisheries of Nevada'' (University of Nevada Press, 1994), pp.&nbsp;388–390
*{{FishBase_species|genus=Gila|species=robusta|year=2006|month=May}}
*{{FishBase|genus=Gila|species=robusta|year=2006|month=May}}

⚫
{{Commons category|Gila robusta|Gila robusta (Roundtail chub)}}


{{Taxonbar|from=Q3764673}}
{{Taxonbar|from=Q3764673}}
{{Authority control}}


[[Category:Chubs (fish)]]
[[Category:Chubs (fish)]]
[[Category:Gila]]
[[Category:Gila (fish)]]
[[Category:Fish of the Western United States|Chub]]
[[Category:Fish of the Western United States|Chub]]
[[Category:Freshwater fish of Mexico|Chub]]
[[Category:Freshwater fish of Mexico|Chub]]
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[[Category:Natural history of Arizona|Chub]]
[[Category:Natural history of Arizona|Chub]]
[[Category:Natural history of New Mexico|Chub]]
[[Category:Natural history of New Mexico|Chub]]
[[Category:Vulnerable fauna of California]]
[[Category:Vulnerable fauna of the United States]]
[[Category:Fish described in 1853]]
[[Category:Fish described in 1853]]
[[Category:Taxa named by Spencer Fullerton Baird]]
[[Category:Taxa named by Spencer Fullerton Baird]]
[[Category:Taxa named by Charles Frédéric Girard]]

Latest revision as of 07:37, 14 November 2024

Roundtail chub
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Order: Cypriniformes
Family: Cyprinidae
Genus: Gila
Species:
G. robusta
Binomial name
Gila robusta

The roundtail chub (Gila robusta) is a cyprinid fish in the genus Gila, of southwestern North America. It is native to the Colorado River drainage basin, including the Gila River and other tributaries, and in several other rivers. It is part of the "robusta complex", which includes the Gila robusta robusta, G.r. grahami, and G.r. seminuda.

Description

[edit]

The body of the roundtail chub is significantly larger forward of the dorsal fin, and posteriorly it is tapered towards the tail. The forehead area is concave. The mouth is largish, but does not reach as far as the pupil of the eye, and is overhung by the snout. The tail is deeply forked. Color is a grayish brown above, and a lighter shade below. Mature males sometimes acquire red-orange lower cheeks and paired fins during breeding season. Roundtail chub can reach almost 49 cm (19.5 in), but usually only grow to about 25–30 cm (10–12 in). Recently, it has been recorded at up to 43 cm (17 in) in length.
Roundtail chub are also described to be "trout-like" because they possess a large mouth with the lower lip outlined in black. However, they lack the adipose fins found on trout species.

Range

[edit]

Its range of is within the Colorado River drainage basin, found from the headwaters down to the mouth, in Utah, Colorado, Arizona, Nevada, and California, and northwest Mexico; as well as in other rivers of northwestern Mexico.

This species is rather variable, and formerly accounted as several species, until intermediate forms were discovered. Recognized subspecies include:

  • Gila robusta grahami
  • Gila robusta jordani - small streams along the White River (Nevada)
  • Gila robusta robusta - small rivers
  • Gila robusta seminuda

The roundtail chub has been extirpated from the Zuni and San Francisco Rivers of New Mexico.[2]

In Arizona, specifically in Gila, Mohave, and Yavapai Counties, the roundtail chub occupies several tributaries: Fossil Creek, Oak Creek, Burro Creek, Francis Creek, Big Sandy River, Santa Maria River, Boulder Creek, Trout Creek, Sycamore Creek, Beaverhead Springs, and throughout the Verde River. It is also found in the Gila River and the Rio Yaqui

Biology

[edit]

Roundtail chub is very prolific in nature.

Diet

[edit]

Roundtail chub is a voracious predator, consuming large amounts of fish, crayfish, frogs, and insects. Roundtail chub adults primarily consume aquatic and terrestrial insects, other fishes, and sometimes algae. Roundtail chub juveniles eat smaller insects, crustaceans, and algae.[3]

Conservation

[edit]

The decreasing population of the roundtail chub is primarily the result of habitat loss as well as predation and competition by non-native fish. Although the populations in the Salt and Verde Rivers were stable ten years ago, they have been exponentially decreasing.[4] Recent conservation efforts include more research to determine the mechanisms of their sudden disappearance, and population surveys conducted by the Arizona Game and Fish and US Forest Service (in progress).

Arizona Game and Fish Department considers roundtail chub a sport fish. They put up a strong fight for anglers, and the meat is described as "firm, white and very mild tasting." Intermuscular bones or floating bones are present, which can be cut out prior to cooking.[5]

It is a candidate endangered species of the United States Fish and Wildlife Service, under the Endangered Species Act criteria.[6]

References

[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Gila robusta (Roundtail chub).
  1. ^ Lyons, T.J.; NatureServe (2019). "Gila robusta". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019: e.T62201A129987081. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-2.RLTS.T62201A129987081.en. Retrieved 24 July 2019.
  2. ^ Sublette, J.E., M.D. Hatch, and M. Sublette. 1990. The fishes of New Mexico. University of New Mexico Press, Albuquerque. pp. 17, 18, 126–129.
  3. ^ Arizona Game and Fish Department. 2002. Gila robusta. Unpublished abstract compiled and edited by the Heritage Data Management System, Arizona Game and Fish Department, Phoenix, AZ. 5 pp.
  4. ^ Minckley, W.L. 1973. Fishes of Arizona. Arizona Game and Fish Department, Phoenix. pp. 100–103.
  5. ^ "Roundtail Chub". Archived from the original on 2005-11-22.
  6. ^ USFWS —Species Profile for Roundtail chub (Gila robusta) . accessed 6.16.2013
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