Spit (album)

Spit
Studio album by Kittie
Released	November 13, 1999 (1999-11-13)
Recorded	May 1999
Studio	EMAC (London, Ontario)
Genre	Nu metal
Length	37:23
Label	Ng Artemis
Producer	Garth Richardson
Kittie chronology
Kittie (1998) Spit (1999) Paperdoll (2000)
Singles from Spit
"Brackish" Released: January 11, 2000 "Charlotte" Released: June 5, 2000
Original cover

Spit is the debut studio album by Canadian heavy metal band Kittie, originally released on November 13, 1999, through Ng Records. Kittie were formed in 1996, and signed a four-album deal with Ng following their performances at the Canadian Music Week festival in March 1999. Recorded over nine days in May 1999 with producer Garth Richardson at EMAC Studios in London, Ontario, Spit is a nu metal album that incorporates various elements from several heavy metal subgenres, and its lyrical themes include sexism, hatred, ignorance, betrayal, bullying and life experiences. The album is Kittie's only release with their original line-up, featuring bassist Tanya Candler and guitarist Fallon Bowman; Candler was replaced by Talena Atfield, who appears on the cover of all subsequent reissues of the album.

Shortly after Spit's initial release, Ng was absorbed into Artemis Records, who gave the album a wide re-release on January 11, 2000. Kittie promoted the album with the release of two singles, "Brackish" and "Charlotte", which became radio and MTV hits, and extensive international touring which saw the band perform at the Ozzfest and SnoCore festivals in 2000 and 2001, respectively. The album reached number 79 on the US Billboard 200 chart and was certified gold by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) in October 2000.

Spit received mixed-to-positive responses from critics, who generally praised the album's aggression but criticized its song titles, lyrics and attitude; Kittie faced media attention and criticism at the time of its release for their age and anomalous status as an all-female band playing heavy metal. The band subsequently distanced themselves from the album in the years following its release due to the stigma it brought them. It remains Kittie's best-selling album, having sold 660,000 copies in the United States as of April 2003.

Background

Although bassist Talena Atfield (pictured) is on Spit's album cover, Tanya Candler played bass on the album.

Kittie was formed in September 1996 in London, Ontario, when drummer Mercedes Lander and guitarist Fallon Bowman met in gym class. They bonded over their shared interest in grunge artists such as Nirvana and Silverchair, and began jamming together. Mercedes soon brought in her sister, Morgan Lander, to jam with them as their singer and second guitarist. The trio started out playing covers of Nirvana, Silverchair, Deftones and Korn before attempting to write their own material; "Brackish" was the first song they wrote together. In late 1997, they decided on naming themselves Kittie in order to sign up for an upcoming Battle of the Bands competition at Call the Office. They chose the band name because it "seemed contradictory". Morgan said: "Usually females are perceived as being cute, fragile and feminine, like the name Kittie. The contradiction comes in, when the listener hears what our music really is about: women playing metal". In November 1997, Kittie recruited bassist Tanya Candler at Bowman's suggestion, completing their lineup. Candler had not played bass before joining the band.

Kittie made their live debut performing at Call the Office on February 28, 1998, and began playing local shows every one or two weeks, at either Call the Office or The Embassy. The band also recorded two demos, Sexizhell and Kittie, which were sent to various record labels. In March 1999, the band performed at the Canadian Music Week festival in Toronto, where they approached Jason Wyner, second-in-command at Ng Records. Ng had previously rejected Kittie's demos, but after watching them perform at the festival, Wyner signed Kittie into a four-album record deal with the label.

According to Morgan Lander, the songs featured on Spit were all written when the members of Kittie "were 14 years old". Most of the songs were written by Morgan, Mercedes and Bowman in 1997, and were reworked until Kittie recorded the album. The band wrote the music first, as a "backdrop" to Morgan's vocals. When asked about their influences in an interview with Metal Maidens in 1999, the members of Kittie cited Nile, Today Is the Day, Placebo, Far, Weezer, Orgy, Fear Factory, Hole, Tura Satana, Human Waste Project, Babes in Toyland, Misfits, Blondie, and Nasum as influences.

Recording and production

After signing with Ng, Kittie recorded Spit with producer Garth Richardson at EMAC Studios in May 1999, in the span of nine days. Richardson was introduced to Kittie after EMAC owner Robert Nation, who engineered both of Kittie's demos, gave him a copy of the band's six-song EP. Impressed by the demos, he agreed to produce their debut album "for beans", according to Morgan: "He took his own time out from doing other projects and just said, 'OK, I'm just going to do this album'." The members of Kittie were still attending high school at the time, and recording sessions would take place in the evenings after they had dinner and finished their homework at the studio. According to Candler, they would finish recording at no later than 10pm per day.

Prior to recording, Kittie told Richardson that they wanted Spit to sound "live and raw, yet still [possess] the quality of a professional, studio-produced recording", and the band spent an entire day choosing which equipment and amps they wanted to use from Richardson's array. The band recorded their tracks through one of Richardson's custom guitars, which Bowman described as "really great, [and] really chunky sounding", using "straight amp distortion" instead of guitar effects pedals; Bowman only used one guitar pedal on the entire album, an Ibanez Classic Phase. Due to the fast nature of recording, the album's drum takes were essentially "one-offs" and no double-tracking was applied to its vocals, according to Morgan.

Richardson said that his input on Spit was limited to helping Kittie choose sounds and suggestions on guitar and drum parts. Morgan noted that, besides Richardson helping the band with some vocal arrangements and melodies and suggesting that the structure of "Paperdoll" should be changed due to there being a "catchy hook" in the song, the album's songs remained largely unchanged from when they were first written. "Brackish" was nearly left off of Spit due to problems surrounding its arrangements. The song would come into its own when the band recruited DJ Dave, a friend of Nation's, to add "some cool jungle" beats under the track. Morgan wrote the song's chorus a week later. "I remember sitting on the floor in the vocal booth writing the lyrics down, it was right at the very tail-end, like, 'I have no idea what I'm going to say here. I'll just think of something.' " The album's total recording costs were US$57,000, and it was completed by August 1999.

Music and lyrics

Music

Spit is a nu metal album with elements of heavy metal, speed metal, groove metal, alternative metal, alternative rock, death metal, and in the lead single "Brackish", techno and rap. According to Exclaim!, Spit "plays like an inconsistent collection of stale 1991-era Pantera and Sepultura B-sides, overdubbed with the occasional 1995 techno sprinkle for a somewhat modern measure". The album contains heavy riffs, rapping (in the song "Brackish"), screaming and clean singing. According to an AllMusic review by Roxanne Blanford, the album has a "meatier, heavier sound than contemporaries Limp Bizkit and Korn". According to Michael Tedder of The Pitch, "Spit echoes Helmet's precision, Slayer's power and (with some songs dealing with body image and self-esteem issues) even Nirvana's confessional songwriting". Author Tommy Udo compared Kittie's sound and attitude to heavy metal bands such as Pantera and Machine Head. The album's songs are played in the tuning of drop C.

Lyrics

Despite the lyrics, Morgan Lander said Kittie led "fairly normal lives".

The album's lyrical themes explore "hate, ignorance and sexism", and AllMusic noted its feminist lyrics. Nonetheless, Morgan Lander said Kittie are not a feminist band. According to George Lang of The Oklahoman, "Kittie's lyrics are full of spit and venom, directed at preppy cheerleaders, rich kids, rude boys and women who trade on their sexuality". According to Morgan Lander, Spit is "a dark album, but it's about every day life which isn't always peachy". Spit was controversial because of its song titles, which made many people think that the album's songs are about sex. In an interview with NY Rock, Atfield said that none of the album's songs are about sex.

Mercedes Lander explained the meaning of Spit's title track: "People expect us to suck, then we get on stage and blow them away." The song "Spit" was inspired by the attitude of local bands towards Kittie. "Charlotte" was inspired by a serial killer from the book Rites of Burial by Tom Jackman and Troy Cole. "Brackish" "is a commentary on a friend of" Kittie "and the relationship that she was in at the time". "Jonny" is reportedly a reaction to male domination of women, whilst "Raven", according to the Sun-Sentinel, "was inspired by a death threat received from a male band against whom" Kittie "competed in an Ontario talent contest." In an interview with Bleeding Metal, Mercedes and Bowman said the song title "Get Off (You Can Eat a Dick)" came from an incident at a school talent show when, after playing one song, a teacher didn't like what they were playing, telling them to "get off". Bowman said that "Choke" is "about someone telling you that they love you so much, and they put you up on a pedestal and make you feel great, then they turn around and say 'screw you'". According to Morgan Lander, "Do You Think I'm a Whore" is about "how some people automatically think you're a slut because you wear a short skirt", and "not judging a book by its cover". The song's title was given "basically to prove people wrong". The album's penultimate track, "Paperdoll", is about the degradation of women as objects.

Release and promotion

Kittie began touring in support of Spit in July 1999, when they performed at the Milwaukee Metalfest. Radio specialty shows and early press supported the album before its release, and the band's profile increased following coverage of the band in Rolling Stone magazine and in an MTV News 1515 report. In August 1999, the band toured with Skinlab. In September, following their performance at the Big Day Off in Hartford, Connecticut, Candler abruptly left Kittie for personal reasons. The band quickly recruited Talena Atfield to replace Candler, with Atfield being made to learn Kittie's entire setlist two weeks before a scheduled performance at the CMJ Music Festival in New York City, where a music video was filmed for the album's lead single, "Brackish". The album was initially released on November 13, 1999, by Ng, but its production was short-lived as Ng was absorbed into Artemis Records shortly after. Candler's departure contributed to the delays, with the band having to re-record "Paperdoll" as she was the song's vocalist. Spit was then reissued by Artemis on January 11, 2000, with different artwork and photographs, featuring pictures of Atfield in place of Candler. Sony Music handled the album's distribution outside of the United States.

Spit was supported by two major singles, "Brackish" and "Charlotte". "Brackish", which had been receiving airplay from radio outlets since late 1999, was released as a single on the same day that Spit was re-released. The song's music video premiered on MuchMusic the day of the single's release, and then premiered on MTV by first appearing on MTV's 120 Minutes on January 30, 2000. "Brackish" continued to be played on MTV and was rotated on WAAF. The single reached number 31 on Billboard's Active Rock chart. On February 23, 2000, Kittie performed "Brackish" live on Late Night With Conan O'Brien, and were interviewed and performed on the talk show Later on May 31, 2000. On June 5, 2000, Kittie released "Charlotte" as the album's second single, which reached number 35 on the Active Rock chart. The music video for "Charlotte", directed by Lisa Rubish, was one of the most played music videos on MTV during July 2000. Artemis also released two EPs in support of Spit; a four-track promotional EP featuring live versions (and respective radio edits) of the album's title track and "Suck" was serviced to radio stations on April 24, 2000, and the Paperdoll EP, featuring a remix of Spit's song "Paperdoll" and some live tracks, was released on December 12, 2000. The Paperdoll EP had sold 100,000 copies in the United States by December 2003.

After Spit's release, Kittie toured the United States with Slipknot. Between April 7 and April 10, 2000, Kittie played three Canadian dates with Slipknot, before embarking on an American tour with Chevelle, Shuvel and the Step Kings on April 27. Kittie then toured Europe with Suicidal Tendencies and performed at Ozzfest 2000, headlining the second stage. They were the youngest, and only female act, on that year's bill. Morgan and Mercedes said when they were having dinner with their parents back home in Canada, they received a phone call from the representative of Ozzfest, being asked if they were interested in performing at the tour, requesting a press kit to review. When touring in England, Kittie received a phone call being told the band is officially involved in the tour. On July 11, 2000, the band released the home video Spit in Your Eye. Artemis Records wanted Kittie to begin recording a new album after the Ozzfest tour in September 2000, which the band refused to do as they didn't feel that they were finished touring. Kittie planned to tour with Pantera, but the tour fell through when Pantera vocalist Phil Anselmo fell and broke two ribs. After the Pantera tour fell through, Kittie created a headlining tour from November 18 to December 1, 2000, and performed at the 2001 SnoCore festival.

Reception

Critical

Professional ratings

Review scores
Source	Rating
AllMusic
Collector's Guide to Heavy Metal	7/10
Entertainment Weekly	B+
Kerrang!
NME	4/10
Q
Rock Hard	7/10
Rolling Stone
Select
The Village Voice	C+

Spit received mixed-to-positive reviews. Rolling Stone gave Spit a three out of five, calling the album "fairly good-natured for an exercise in repetitive maximum aggro". Roxanne Blanford of AllMusic wrote, "these young women learned well the lessons of predecessors Joan Jett, Lita Ford, and the current reigning queen of angst-rock, Courtney Love". Teen Ink gave Spit a positive review: "Kittie is a Canadian band made up of four girls who can rock, yell and keep up with any hardcore band out there". Phil McNamara of The Worcester Phoenix wrote that Kittie "can throw down heavy head-banging riffs with the best of them, and oh yeah -- they're girls". Also, Canadian journalist Martin Popoff is quite happy of a girl band which can rock "heavily and smartly", "sounding like vicious hardcore sirens" avoiding "electronic gunk" with only a slight nod to rap metal.

The Oklahoman gave Spit a positive review: "Throw in the fact that they range in age from 15 to 18, and Kittie seems like the perfect weapon to smite Mandy Moore, Britney Spears, Jessica Simpson and Christina Aguilera, forever ridding the music industry of teen-pop". CMJ New Music Report gave Spit a positive review: "the teenage babes in Ontario, Canada's Kittie will scratch and claw their way into the dark recesses of your hearts thanks to their debut, the smashing 'n' stomping Spit". The Washington Post criticized the album: "All four members of this Canadian metal-punk band are women, which is still a novel (though certainly not unique) lineup for a headbanging ensemble. Too bad that's virtually the quartet's only distinguishing feature". The review concluded, "After four or five of these pounding rockers, Kittie becomes a bore." Exclaim! also criticized the album: "Guidance Counsellor's advice: pull the plug and stay in school". NME gave the album a four-out-of-ten rating: "Like kindred spirits System of a Down, Kittie want to give you the impression that they're just too tasty to fuk wit, too unhinged to view as normal folk, too pierced for the mainstream." Robert Christgau, who gave the album a C+ in his Consumer Guide for The Village Voice, said that he approved of what the band did but felt that they "[didn't] do it well", and expressed concern that they would provide "an excuse [for guys] to say, 'Ah bullshit, girls suck and they can't play rock & roll.' ".

The Pitch gave Spit an "honourable mention" on their "American Top 40: Best Albums of 2000" list. Kittie also received a nomination for "Best New Group" at the 2001 Juno Awards, ultimately losing out to Nickelback.

Commercial

Ng had initially pressed 8,000 copies of Spit. According to Morgan Lander, "Those 8,000 copies were gone in like the first fucking week". On January 29, 2000, Spit debuted on the US Billboard 200 chart at number 147 with 8,800 copies sold, and two weeks later, reached number one on Billboard's Top Heatseekers chart on February 19, 2000. The album later reached its peak position of number 79 on April 15, 2000. By the time the album had peaked, Spit had already sold over 100,000 copies, and by May 2000 it had sold 236,000 copies in the United States, according to Nielsen SoundScan. The album remained on the Billboard 200 chart for 37 weeks. Spit also reached number 2 on Billboard's Top Independent Albums chart, and remained on the chart for 64 weeks. On October 17, 2000, Spit was certified gold by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA). As of April 1, 2003, Spit has sold more than 660,000 copies in the United States. Spit also achieved some success outside of the United States, selling over 100,000 copies in Europe by February 2001. Although Spit did not chart in the United Kingdom, "Brackish" peaked at number 46 on the UK Singles Chart on March 25, 2000, and "Charlotte" peaked at number 60 on the UK Singles Chart on July 22, 2000. Spit did not achieve as much success in Canada, selling only 40,000 copies in the country by 2003. Its lower sales have been attributed to a lack of radio support, as well as Kittie's lack of touring in the country. In a 2000 interview with Chart Attack, Morgan said that Artemis "know the American market best [and] they are pushing for that" and that the label had "shunned" the band's attempt at a Canadian tour, but did not want to come off as "neglecting" the country.

Aftermath

We received more praise and criticism for [Spit] than we have over the duration of our entire careers; we were vilified and heralded as the "anti-Britney." We were called geniuses and a gimmick; we were accused of sleeping our way to a record deal or not writing our songs. Our merit and validity as a real band were time and time again called into question, and this is the perception we have continued to deal with, unfortunately. [...] It's been a struggle to overcome the negative slant that many mainstream media outlets put on Spit and "prove" ourselves as a viable band worthy of praise and appreciation within the metal community. We have always been considered outsiders, in a way, and have had a hell of a time being taken seriously.

—Morgan Lander on the impact of Spit on Kittie's reputation and image (2012)

Much of the press attention surrounding and following the release of Spit focused on the ages of Kittie's members as well as their anomalous status as an all-female band playing heavy metal, much to the band's chagrin. The members of Kittie said that they did not want to be described as a "girl metal" band, but as a heavy metal band instead. Mercedes said: "You don't call Machine Head a 'boy metal band'. You call them a metal band. Why should they make an exception [for us] just because of the gender? It's almost the exact same kind of music, except we don't have penises". The band were also annoyed by frequent comparisons to Britney Spears and presentation as "anti-Britney", a phenomenon Saturday Night magazine attributed to a comment from Morgan posted on the band's website in late 1999, stating: "I'm not up there singing, 'Hit me baby, one more time!' We're a lot more mature than that." Mercedes felt that most of the press attention surrounding Kittie around the release of Spit was "the wrong kind of press" because journalists had not properly researched the band before writing about them; she additionally claimed that Artemis had revealed the ages of Kittie's members to the press against their wishes. Morgan also criticized journalists for constantly making puns about Kittie's name—dubbing it "Feline Association Disease"—which she saw as an attempt to reduce the band to novelty status.

In the years following its release, Kittie attempted to distance themselves from Spit. In a 2007 interview, Morgan stated that the album had created "a strange stigma about the band—that we are contrived or based solely on image, not music". She described Kittie's second album Oracle (2001) as their attempt to "prove that we weren't gimmicks, that we weren't what a lot of critics wrote us off as, [and] that we were a real metal band". By the release of their third album Until the End (2004), the band had completely abandoned the nu metal style of Spit in favour of a death metal sound. For a time, Kittie stopped playing songs from the album live, as the band "wanted people to see who we are now and what we have accomplished since then", according to Morgan. None of the band's subsequent albums would match the critical or popular acclaim of Spit. By 2024, Morgan had become more accepting of Spit, as well as Kittie's association with nu metal. In an interview with Revolver, Morgan said:

Our debut [Spit] came out at a time when nu-metal was huge and we were sort of put in that category, but as we evolved as musicians and as players and as a band, we gravitated away from that sound. I think for me, for a really long time, nu-metal was sort of like a bad word. It's tough when you're associated with a genre that you don't necessarily identify with. But I have learned over time to be proud of having an album that is part of that seminal nu-metal movement. I'm proud of our contribution.

Spit made Kittie into one of a few all-female nu metal bands to achieve notable success, and later assessments of album have been more positive. In 2013, Westword credited the album for credited for "[inspiring] a" whole new generation of women" in metal. Serena Cherry of Svalbard and Noctule cited Spit as the reason she became a metal musician. In 2023, the album's title track was covered by Poppy, which Kittie approved of. "Brackish" appeared on Fuse's "19 Best Nu-Metal Hits of All Time" list in 2015, and was ranked number 23 on Spin's "30 Best Nu Metal Songs" list in 2017. In March 2023, Rolling Stone ranked the album's title track at number 82 on their list of "The 100 Greatest Heavy Metal Songs of All Time", calling the song "a murderously heavy proto-feminist anthem that takes aim at misogynists and lands a kill shot in under three minutes."

Accolades for Spit

Publication	List	Rank	Ref.
Hit Parader	All-Time Top 10 Female-Fronted Metal Discs	4
Kerrang!	The 21 greatest nu-metal albums of all time	16
	The 50 Best Albums From 2000	47
Loudwire	Top 50 Nu-metal Albums of All-Time	41
Metal Hammer	The 50 best nu metal albums of all time	32
Revolver	20 Essential Nu Metal albums	N/A

Track listing

All tracks are written by Kittie.

Original release

No.	Title	Length
1.	"Spit"	2:20
2.	"Charlotte"	3:56
3.	"Paperdoll"	3:06
4.	"Suck"	3:31
5.	"Do You Think I'm a Whore"	3:00
6.	"Brackish"	3:06
7.	"Jonny"	2:24
8.	"Trippin'"	2:21
9.	"Raven"	3:25
10.	"Get Off (You Can Eat a Dick)"	2:52
11.	"Choke"	4:05
12.	"Immortal"	2:49
Total length:		36:55

Reissue

No.	Title	Length
1.	"Spit"	2:20
2.	"Charlotte"	3:56
3.	"Suck"	3:31
4.	"Do You Think I'm a Whore"	3:00
5.	"Brackish"	3:06
6.	"Jonny"	2:24
7.	"Trippin'"	2:21
8.	"Raven"	3:25
9.	"Get Off (You Can Eat a Dick)"	2:52
10.	"Choke"	4:05
11.	"Paperdoll"	3:22
12.	"Immortal"	2:49
Total length:		37:23

Personnel

Adapted from Spit's liner notes.

Kittie

• Morgan Lander – vocals, guitar
• Fallon Bowman – guitar, backing vocals, lead vocals on "Choke"
• Tanya Candler – bass, lead vocals on "Paperdoll"
• Mercedes Lander – drums
• Talena Atfield – bass

Additional musicians

• DJ Dave – loops and beats on "Brackish"

Artwork

• Larry Busacca – photography
• Nicky Guilfoil – live shot
• Michael McLaughlin – photography
• Brandy Stephen – paintings
• Kitten – artwork

Production and directing

• Garth Richardson – engineer, producer
• Rob Nation – engineer
• Chris Shaw – mixing at Soundtrack Studios, New York & EMAC Studios, London, Ontario, Canada
• Matt Chiaravalle – editing on "Brackish", recording and mixing on "Paperdoll"
• Andrew Grimo – production assistant
• Ben Kaplan – production assistant
• Howie Weinberg – mastering with Masterdisk Studios, New York City, New York

Charts

Weekly charts

Chart (2000)	Peak position
US Billboard 200	79
US Top Heatseekers Albums (Billboard)	1
US Top Independent Albums (Billboard)	2

Year-end charts

Chart (2000)	Peak position
US Billboard 200	191
US Top Independent Albums (Billboard)	5

Certifications

Region	Certification	Certified units/sales
United States (RIAA)	Gold	660,000

Release history

Region	Label	Format	Date	Catalog #	Ref.
United States	Ng	CD	November 13, 1999	751002-2
United States	Ng Artemis	CD cassette	January 11, 2000	ATM 497630 9
Canada	Ng Artemis Epic		February 2000
Europe			February 28, 2000
Europe	Artemis Rykodisc	CD	August 16, 2004	RCD17027
Europe	Metal Mind	CD (digipak)	November 24, 2008	MASS CD 1243 DG
Various	MNRK Music Group	LP	April 23, 2022	EOM-LP-46645
		CD	July 8, 2022	MNK-CD-46759
		LP	April 6, 2023	MNK-LP-46778
		LP (picture disc)	July 12, 2024	MNK-LP-441010

References

Citations

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• Robison, Greg (August 15, 2008). Ozzfest. The Rosen Publishing Group, Inc. pp. 33–34. ISBN 9781404217560. Archived from the original on March 25, 2023. Retrieved June 17, 2021.
• Sciarretto, Amy (February 7, 2000). "Must Hear". CMJ New Music Report. Vol. 61, no. 652. p. 3. ISSN 0890-0795. Archived from the original on March 25, 2023. Retrieved March 16, 2023.
• Sciarretto, Amy, ed. (December 2007). "Hit Parader's Ultimate Hard Rock Top 10's". Hit Parader. No. 513. Magna Publishing Group. p. 64 – via Internet Archive.
• Sexton, Paul (February 3, 2001). "Artemis Finds Success In Europe". Billboard. Vol. 113, no. 5. pp. 66, 74.
• Sharpe-Young, Garry (2005). New Wave of American Heavy Metal. Zonda Books Limited. p. 187. ISBN 0-9582684-0-1.
• Sperounes, Sanda (September 8, 2000). "Kittie scratching for some respect: Teen metal band can't get airplay in own country". Edmonton Journal. p. E4. ProQuest 252756182.
• Udo, Tommy (2002). Brave Nu World. Sanctuary Publishing. p. 144. ISBN 1-86074-415-X.
• Waller, Don (April 10, 2000). "Artemis records shuns 'next-quarter' thinking". Variety. Vol. 378, no. 8. p. 78. ProQuest 1286180922.

Further reading

• Healy, Mark (May 12, 2000). "Kittie's Got Claws and a Hard Rock Bite". Rolling Stone. Archived from the original on April 15, 2008.
• Karpe, Matt (2021). "Kittie: Fallon Bowman speaks". Nu Metal: A Definitive Guide. UK: Sonicbond Publishing. pp. 77–80. ISBN 9781789520637.
• "Hear Them Roar: An Interview With Kittie". DrDrew.com. Archived from the original on December 16, 2000.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
• "Hear Them Roar". Los Angeles Times. August 31, 2000.