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The '''Texas-Southern League''' was a [[minor league baseball|minor baseball league]] that existed in 1888 and 1895.
{{short description|American sports league in minor league baseball}}
{{Infobox Sports league
| title = Texas-Southern League
| sport = [[Baseball]]
| founded = 1895
| folded = 1899
| teams = {{unbulletedlist|
| 8 (1895–1897)
| 6 (1898)
| 4 (1899)
}}
| champion = [[Galveston Sand Crabs]]
| champ_season = 1899
| most_champs = {{unbulletedlist|
|Galveston ({{frac|1|1|2}})
|[[Fort Worth Panthers]] (1)
|[[Houston Buffaloes]] (1)
|[[San Antonio Bronchos]] ({{frac|1|2}})
}}
| country = [[United States]]
| footnotes =
}}
The '''Texas-Southern League''' was a [[sports league]] of [[Minor League Baseball|minor league baseball]] teams that operated from 1895 to 1899, primarily in [[Texas]].<ref name=EMLB>{{cite book |title=Encyclopedia of Minor League Baseball |edition=third |date=2007 |first1=Lloyd |last1=Johnson |first2=Miles |last2=Wolff |isbn=9781932391176 |publisher=Baseball America}}</ref>{{rp|168}} During the 1896 season, the league renamed itself as the Texas Association. History of the Texas-Southern League / Texas Association prior to 1900 follows.
{{for|the league that operated during the 1920s|Texas Association}}


==History==
The 1888 league had five teams: the [[Dallas Hams]], [[Galveston Giants]], [[Houston Babies]], [[New Orleans Pelicans]] and [[San Antonio Missionaries]]. Dallas was the league champion.<ref>[http://baseballhistorydaily.com/tag/dallas-hams/ Baseball History Daily]</ref> Major league notables [[George Stallings]], [[Bill Joyce (baseball)|Bill Joyce]] and [[George Bradley]], among others, played in the league that season.
[[File:Texas-Southern_League_schedule_1895.png|thumb|right|upright=1.4|The league's inaugural schedule, as published in ''[[The Galveston Daily News]]'' on April 8, 1895]]
In 1895, the league began with eight teams: the [[Austin Senators]], [[Dallas Steers]], [[Fort Worth Panthers]], [[Galveston Sand Crabs]], [[Houston Magnolias]], [[San Antonio Missionaries]], [[Sherman Orphans]], and [[Shreveport Grays]].<ref name=EMLB/>{{rp|168}} In early August, the Austin, Houston, and San Antonio teams disbanded; Shreveport also dropped out, so the league would have an even number of teams remaining.<ref name=EMLB/>{{rp|168}} The league played a split season, with Dallas winning the first half, and Fort Worth winning the second half.<ref name=EMLB/>{{rp|168}} In a postseason series, Fort Worth defeated Dallas, seven games to six.<ref name=EMLB/>{{rp|168}}


The 1895 league consisted of eight teams: the [[Dallas Steers]], [[Fort Worth Panthers]], [[Galveston Sand Crabs]], [[Sherman Orphans]], [[Shreveport Grays]], [[Austin Senators]], [[Houston Magnolias]] and [[San Antonio Missionaries]]. Austin, Houston, San Antonio and Shreveport disbanded on August 6. First-place finisher Dallas faced second-place finisher Fort Worth in the playoffs, which was initially set to be a 15-game series but ended after game 13 with Forth Worth leading Dallas seven games to six. Fort Worth was declared the champion several months later. Notably, [[Ice Box Chamberlain]] and [[Harry Steinfeldt]] played in the league that season.
In 1896, the league again began with eight teams: the returning Austin, Fort Worth, and Galveston teams were joined by the [[Dallas Navigators]], [[Denison Indians]], [[Houston Buffaloes]], [[San Antonio Bronchos]], and [[Sherman Students]].<ref name=EMLB/>{{rp|171}} The Students disbanded in June and were replaced by the [[Paris Midlands]].<ref name=EMLB/>{{rp|171}} In early August, four teams (Dallas, Denison, Fort Worth, and Paris) disbanded.<ref name=EMLB/>{{rp|171}} The league played a three-part split season, with Fort Worth, Houston, and Galveston each winning segments.<ref name=EMLB/>{{rp|171}} Fort Worth dropped out of the playoffs, leaving Houston to defeat Galveston for the championship, five games to two.<ref name=EMLB/>{{rp|171}} Notable players in the league included [[Kid Elberfeld]] and [[Harry Steinfeldt]].


The 1897 league consisted of eight teams: the returning Austin, Galveston, Houston, Paris, and San Antonio teams were joined by the [[Dallas Defenders]], [[Fort Worth Colts]], and [[Sherman-Denison Tigers]].<ref name=EMLB/>{{rp|173}} During July, the Sherman-Denison team moved to [[Waco, Texas|Waco]], while Austin, San Antonio, and Houston dropped out of the league in August.<ref name=EMLB/>{{rp|173}} The winners of the two split seasons, San Antonio and Galveston, were declared league co-champions.<ref name=EMLB/>{{rp|173}} Notable players in the league included [[Warren Wallace Beckwith]].
Sources indicate that a league played by that name in 1881 and 1897,<ref>[http://www.baseball-reference.com/minors/league.cgi?code=TXSO&class=Baseball-Reference.com]</ref> though information about those leagues, if they existed at all, is sparse.

The 1898 league had six teams: the Austin, Galveston, Houston, and San Antonio teams were joined by the [[Dallas Colts]] and Fort Worth Panthers.<ref name=EMLB/>{{rp|178}} At the end of April, Fort Worth disbanded and Dallas was dropped from the league, while in May, Austin and San Antonio disbanded.<ref name=EMLB/>{{rp|178}} Austin and Galveston each won a half of the split-season, but no playoffs were held and no champion was declared.<ref name=EMLB/>{{rp|178}}

In 1899, the final season of the league, four teams competed, all of which returned from the prior year: Austin, Galveston, Houston, and San Antonio.<ref name=EMLB/>{{rp|180}} Galveston won both halves of the split season, and was declared league champion.<ref name=EMLB/>{{rp|180}}

==Results by season==
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; font-size: 95%;"
|-
! Season !! League name !! Teams !! Class !! Season dates !! Split season winners !! Playoffs
|-
| 1895 || Texas-Southern League || 8 || B || April 20–September 2 || [[Dallas Steers]]<br>[[Fort Worth Panthers]] || Fort Worth over Dallas (7–6 games)
|-
| 1896 || Texas-Southern League<br>Texas Association{{dagger}} || 8 || C || April 18–September 5 || Fort Worth Panthers<br>[[Houston Buffaloes]]<br>[[Galveston Sand Crabs]] || Houston over Galveston (5–2 games)
|-
| 1897 || Texas Association || 8 || C || April 17–August 22 || [[San Antonio Bronchos]]<br>Galveston Sand Crabs || None held; Galveston & San Antonio co-champions
|-
| 1898 || Texas Association || 6 || C || April 9–May 16 || [[Austin Senators]]<br>Galveston Sand Crabs || None held; no champion declared
|-
| 1899 || Texas Association || 4 || C || April 16–July 5 || Galveston Sand Crabs<br>Galveston Sand Crabs || None held; Galveston champion
|}
{{dagger}} Name changed during July

==Notes==
Records from baseball's early years, especially in the minor leagues, are often incomplete, with frequent changes in team names and locations.

Some early seasons of the [[Texas League]], which began operation in 1888, are listed as the Texas-Southern League in online sources.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.baseball-reference.com/register/league.cgi?id=11d362e2 |title=1888 Texas-Southern League |website=[[Baseball-Reference.com]] |accessdate=August 25, 2020}}</ref>


==References==
==References==
{{reflist}}
{{reflist}}


{{Authority control}}
[[Category:Defunct baseball leagues in the United States]]
[[Category:Defunct baseball leagues in the United States]]
[[Category:Baseball leagues in Texas]]
[[Category:Baseball leagues in Texas]]
[[Category:Sports leagues established in 1888]]
[[Category:Baseball leagues in Louisiana]]
[[Category:1888 establishments in the United States]]
[[Category:Sports leagues established in 1885]]
[[Category:1895 disestablishments in the United States]]
[[Category:1885 establishments in Texas]]
[[Category:1899 disestablishments in the United States]]
[[Category:Defunct minor baseball leagues in the United States]]
[[Category:Sports leagues disestablished in 1896]]

Latest revision as of 11:03, 21 April 2024

Texas-Southern League
SportBaseball
Founded1895
Ceased1899
No. of teams
  • 8 (1895–1897)
  • 6 (1898)
  • 4 (1899)
CountryUnited States
Last
champion(s)		Galveston Sand Crabs
(1899)
Most titles
  • Galveston (1+1⁄2)
  • Fort Worth Panthers (1)
  • Houston Buffaloes (1)
  • San Antonio Bronchos (1⁄2)

The Texas-Southern League was a sports league of minor league baseball teams that operated from 1895 to 1899, primarily in Texas.[1]: 168  During the 1896 season, the league renamed itself as the Texas Association. History of the Texas-Southern League / Texas Association prior to 1900 follows.

For the league that operated during the 1920s, see Texas Association.

History

[edit]
The league's inaugural schedule, as published in The Galveston Daily News on April 8, 1895

In 1895, the league began with eight teams: the Austin Senators, Dallas Steers, Fort Worth Panthers, Galveston Sand Crabs, Houston Magnolias, San Antonio Missionaries, Sherman Orphans, and Shreveport Grays.[1]: 168  In early August, the Austin, Houston, and San Antonio teams disbanded; Shreveport also dropped out, so the league would have an even number of teams remaining.[1]: 168  The league played a split season, with Dallas winning the first half, and Fort Worth winning the second half.[1]: 168  In a postseason series, Fort Worth defeated Dallas, seven games to six.[1]: 168 

In 1896, the league again began with eight teams: the returning Austin, Fort Worth, and Galveston teams were joined by the Dallas Navigators, Denison Indians, Houston Buffaloes, San Antonio Bronchos, and Sherman Students.[1]: 171  The Students disbanded in June and were replaced by the Paris Midlands.[1]: 171  In early August, four teams (Dallas, Denison, Fort Worth, and Paris) disbanded.[1]: 171  The league played a three-part split season, with Fort Worth, Houston, and Galveston each winning segments.[1]: 171  Fort Worth dropped out of the playoffs, leaving Houston to defeat Galveston for the championship, five games to two.[1]: 171  Notable players in the league included Kid Elberfeld and Harry Steinfeldt.

The 1897 league consisted of eight teams: the returning Austin, Galveston, Houston, Paris, and San Antonio teams were joined by the Dallas Defenders, Fort Worth Colts, and Sherman-Denison Tigers.[1]: 173  During July, the Sherman-Denison team moved to Waco, while Austin, San Antonio, and Houston dropped out of the league in August.[1]: 173  The winners of the two split seasons, San Antonio and Galveston, were declared league co-champions.[1]: 173  Notable players in the league included Warren Wallace Beckwith.

The 1898 league had six teams: the Austin, Galveston, Houston, and San Antonio teams were joined by the Dallas Colts and Fort Worth Panthers.[1]: 178  At the end of April, Fort Worth disbanded and Dallas was dropped from the league, while in May, Austin and San Antonio disbanded.[1]: 178  Austin and Galveston each won a half of the split-season, but no playoffs were held and no champion was declared.[1]: 178 

In 1899, the final season of the league, four teams competed, all of which returned from the prior year: Austin, Galveston, Houston, and San Antonio.[1]: 180  Galveston won both halves of the split season, and was declared league champion.[1]: 180 

Results by season

[edit]
Season League name Teams Class Season dates Split season winners Playoffs
1895 Texas-Southern League 8 B April 20–September 2 Dallas Steers
Fort Worth Panthers		 Fort Worth over Dallas (7–6 games)
1896 Texas-Southern League
Texas Association†		 8 C April 18–September 5 Fort Worth Panthers
Houston Buffaloes
Galveston Sand Crabs		 Houston over Galveston (5–2 games)
1897 Texas Association 8 C April 17–August 22 San Antonio Bronchos
Galveston Sand Crabs		 None held; Galveston & San Antonio co-champions
1898 Texas Association 6 C April 9–May 16 Austin Senators
Galveston Sand Crabs		 None held; no champion declared
1899 Texas Association 4 C April 16–July 5 Galveston Sand Crabs
Galveston Sand Crabs		 None held; Galveston champion

† Name changed during July

Notes

[edit]

Records from baseball's early years, especially in the minor leagues, are often incomplete, with frequent changes in team names and locations.

Some early seasons of the Texas League, which began operation in 1888, are listed as the Texas-Southern League in online sources.[2]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r Johnson, Lloyd; Wolff, Miles (2007). Encyclopedia of Minor League Baseball (third ed.). Baseball America. ISBN 9781932391176.
  2. ^ "1888 Texas-Southern League". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved August 25, 2020.
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