Ultrafast X-ray
Ultrafast x-rays or ultrashort X-ray pulses are femtosecond x-ray pulses with wavelengths occurring at interatomic distances. This beam uses the X-ray's inherent abilities to interact at the level of atomic nuclei and core electrons. This ability combined with the shorter pulses at 30 femtosecond could capture the change in position of atoms, or molecules during phase transitions, chemical reactions, and other transient processes in physics, chemistry, and biology.[1][2]
Fundamental transitions and processes
Ultrafast X-ray diffraction (time-resolved X-ray diffraction) can surpass ultrashortpulse visible techniques, which are limited to detecting structures on the level of valence and free electrons. Ultrashortpulse x-ray techniques are able to resolve atomic scales, where dynamic structural changes and reactions occur in the interior of a material.[3][4][5]
References
- ^ Yarris, Lynn (August 27, 1993). "LBL Beam Test Facility to Yield Ultrafast X-Rays" (Online web page). Ultrafast X-ray diffraction. Lawrence Berkely National Laboratory. Retrieved 2011-07-08.
- ^ Corlett, John (August 6, 2010). "Overview of X-Ray FEL R&D at LBNL" (PDF slide presentation). Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. pp. 3, 4, 5. Retrieved 2011-07-08.
- ^ Siders, C. W.; Cavalleri, A; Sokolowski-Tinten, K; Tóth, C; Guo, T; Kammler, M; Horn Von Hoegen, M; Wilson, KR; Von Der Linde, D (1999). "Detection of Nonthermal Melting by Ultrafast X-ray Diffraction" (PDF). Science. 286 (5443): 1340–1342. doi:10.1126/science.286.5443.1340. PMID 10558985. Free PDF download.
- ^ Rose-Petruck, Christoph; Jimenez, Ralph; Guo, Ting; Cavalleri, Andrea; Siders, Craig W.; Rksi, Ferenc; Squier, Jeff A.; Walker, Barry C.; Wilson, Kent R. (March 25, 1999). "Picosecond–milliångström lattice dynamics measured by ultrafast X-ray diffraction" (PDF). Nature. 398 (6725): 310–312. Bibcode:1999Natur.398..310R. doi:10.1038/18631. Free PDF download.
- ^ Zamponi, F.; Ansari, Z.; Woerner, M.; Elsaesser, T. (2010). "Femtosecond powder diffraction with a laser-driven hard X-ray source" (PDF). Optics Express. 18 (2): 947. Bibcode:2010OExpr..18..947Z. doi:10.1364/OE.18.000947. PMID 20173917. Free PDF download.
Further reading
- Emma P., et al. (2010) "First lasing and operation of an angstrom-wavelength free-electron laser" Nature Photonics 4(9):641-647.
- Philip H. Bucksbaum and Ryan Coffee and Nora Berrah, (2011,). E. Arimondo, P.R. Berman and C.C. Lin, (ed.). "The First Atomic and Molecular Experiments at the Linac Coherent Light Source X-Ray Free Electron Laser,". Advances In Atomic, Molecular, and Optical Physics,. Academic Press,. pp. 239–289, . doi:10.1016/B978-0-12-385508-4.00005-X,.
{{cite web}}: Check|doi=value (help); Check date values in:|year=(help)CS1 maint: extra punctuation (link) CS1 maint: multiple names: editors list (link) CS1 maint: year (link) - Diagram of the table-top ultrafast X-ray diffractometer
Rose-Petruck, Christoph; et al. (March 25, 1999). "Figure 1". Nature Publishing Group. doi:10.1038/18631. {{cite web}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coauthors= (help); Explicit use of et al. in: |first= (help)
- Figures and Tables. Nature Publishing Group. March 25, 1999.
External links
- Photon Science: X-Rays for Discovery
- Ultrafast X-ray Summer Schools