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Visa requirements for Bulgarian citizens

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A Bulgarian passport
A Bulgarian identity card is valid for travel to most of the European countries

Visa requirements for Bulgarian citizens are administrative entry restrictions by the authorities of other states placed on citizens of Bulgaria. As of 23 July 2024, Bulgarian citizens had visa-free or visa on arrival access to 177 countries and territories, ranking the Bulgarian passport 14th overall in terms of travel freedom (tied with the passport of Romania), according to the Henley & Partners Passport Index.[1]

Visa requirements map

Visa requirements for Bulgarian citizens
  Bulgaria
  Freedom of movement
  Visa free
  Visa issued upon arrival
  eVisa
  Visa available both on arrival or online
  Visa required prior to arrival

Visa requirements

Country Visa requirement Allowed stay Notes (excluding departure fees)
 Afghanistan Visa required[2]
 Albania Visa not required[3] 90 days
 Algeria Visa required[4]
 Andorra Visa not required[5]
 Angola Visa not required[6] 30 days Maximum 3 entries per calendar year
 Antigua and Barbuda Visa not required[7] 3 months
 Argentina Visa not required[8] 90 days
 Armenia Visa not required[9] 180 days
 Australia eVisitor[10] 90 days
  • 90 days on each visit in 12-month period if granted.
  • Bulgarian Government officially considers that Australia maintains a visa regime towards its citizens.[11] This was dismissed by the European Commission.[12]
 Austria Freedom of movement
 Azerbaijan eVisa[13] 30 days[14]
 Bahamas Visa not required[15] 3 months
 Bahrain eVisa / Visa on arrival[16] 14 days
  • Visa is also obtainable online.[17]
 Bangladesh Visa on arrival[18] 30 days
 Barbados Visa not required[19] 3 months
 Belarus Visa not required[20] 30 days
  • Visa-free until 31 December 2024.
 Belgium Freedom of movement[21]
 Belize Visa not required[22][23]
 Benin eVisa / Visa on arrival[24][25] 30 days / 8 days
  • Must have an international vaccination certificate.
 Bhutan Visa required[26]
 Bolivia Visa on arrival[27] 90 days Free of charge
 Bosnia and Herzegovina Visa not required[28] 90 days
  • 90 days within any 6-month period
  • ID card valid
 Botswana Visa not required[29] 90 days
 Brazil Visa not required[30] 90 days
  • 90 days within any 180 day period
 Brunei Visa not required[31] 90 days
 Burkina Faso eVisa / Visa on arrival[32][33] 90 days
 Burundi Visa on arrival[34] 30 days All visitors can obtain their visa (business or tourist) on arrival at Bujumbura Airport, and any land or maritime entry points. A month-long visa costs $90 and a 3 day-long visa costs $40[35]
 Cambodia eVisa / Visa on arrival[36] 30 days
  • Visa is also obtainable online.[37]
 Cameroon eVisa[38]
 Canada Visa not required[39] 6 months
 Cape Verde Visa not required[42] 30 days
  • Must register online at least five days prior to arrival.[43]
 Central African Republic Visa required[44]
 Chad Visa required[45]
 Chile Visa not required[46] 90 days
 China Visa required[47]
 Colombia Visa not required[50] 180 days
  • 90 days – extendable up to 180-days stay within a one-year period
 Comoros Visa on arrival[51]
 Republic of the Congo Visa required[52]
 Democratic Republic of the Congo Visa required[53]
 Costa Rica Visa not required[54] 90 days
 Côte d'Ivoire eVisa[55] 3 months
 Croatia Freedom of movement[56]
 Cuba Tourist Card required[57] 30 days
 Cyprus Freedom of movement[58]
 Czech Republic Freedom of movement[59]
 Denmark Freedom of movement[60]
 Djibouti eVisa[61] 31 days
 Dominica Visa not required[62] 90 days
  • 90 days within any 180 day period
 Dominican Republic Visa not required[63] 90 days
 Ecuador Visa not required[64] 90 days
 Egypt eVisa / Visa on arrival[65][66] 30 days
 El Salvador Visa not required[67] 6 months
 Equatorial Guinea eVisa[68]
 Eritrea Visa required[69]
 Estonia Freedom of movement[70]
 Eswatini Visa required[71]
 Ethiopia eVisa[72] up to 90 days
 Fiji Visa not required[73] 4 months
 Finland Freedom of movement[74]
 France Freedom of movement[75]
 Gabon eVisa / Visa on arrival[76] 90 days
 Gambia Visa not required[78] 90 days
 Georgia Visa not required[79] 1 year
 Germany Freedom of movement[80]
 Ghana Visa required[81]
 Greece Freedom of movement[82]
 Grenada Visa not required[83] 3 months
 Guatemala Visa not required[84] 90 days
 Guinea eVisa[85] 90 days
 Guinea-Bissau eVisa / Visa on arrival[86] 90 days
 Guyana Visa required[87]
 Haiti Visa not required[88] 90 days
 Honduras Visa not required[89] 3 months
 Hungary Freedom of movement[90]
 Iceland Freedom of movement[91]
 India e-Visa[92] 60 days
  • e-Visa holders must arrive via 31 designated airports[Note 2] or 5 designated seaports.[Note 3][93]
  • An Indian e-Tourist Visa may only be obtained twice within 1 calendar year.[citation needed]
  • Foreigners of Pakistani origin or who hold a Pakistani Passport are not eligible for an e-Visa. Foreigners who are not Pakistani nationals, but whose parents or grandparents (either paternal or maternal) were born in, or were permanent residents in Pakistan, are also not eligible for an e-Visa.[94]
 Indonesia Visa on arrival[95] 30 days
 Iran eVisa 30 days[96]
 Iraq eVisa / Visa on arrival[97][98] 60 days
 Ireland Freedom of movement[99]
 Israel Visa not required[100] 3 months
 Italy Freedom of movement[101]
 Jamaica Visa on arrival[102]
 Japan Visa not required[103] 90 days
 Jordan Free visa on arrival[104] 30 days
 Kazakhstan Visa not required[106] 30 days[107]
 Kenya Electronic Travel Authorization[108] 3 months
 Kiribati Visa not required[109] 90 days
  • May not exceed 90 days within any given 12 months period
 North Korea Visa required[110]
 South Korea K-ETA required[111] 90 days
  • Bulgarian citizens can enter South Korea as a short term visit (e.g., tours, visiting relatives or friends, attending simple meetings) up to 90 days without a visa, though you should remain aware of the quarantine requirements. You must also have an onward or return ticket. It is illegal to work on a tourist visa, whether as a teacher or in any other capacity.[112]
  • You must be in possession of a Korea Electronic Travel Authorization (K-ETA) to enter Korea visa-free. You can complete your K-ETA application up to 24 hours before boarding your flight and it will be valid for two years from the date of approval. There is a small, non-refundable charge.[112]
 Kuwait eVisa / Visa on arrival[113] 3 months
 Kyrgyzstan Visa not required[114] 60 days[115]
 Laos eVisa / Visa on arrival[116][117] 30 days
 Latvia Freedom of movement[121]
 Lebanon Visa on arrival[122] 1 month
  • 1 month extendable for 2 additional months
  • Granted free of charge at Beirut International Airport or any other port of entry if there is no Israeli visa or seal, holding a telephone number, an address in Lebanon, and a non refundable return or circle trip ticket.
 Lesotho eVisa[123][124]
 Liberia Visa required[125]
 Libya Visa required[126]
 Liechtenstein Freedom of movement[127]
 Lithuania Freedom of movement[128]
 Luxembourg Freedom of movement[129]
 Madagascar eVisa / Visa on arrival[130] 90 days
 Malawi eVisa / Visa on arrival[131][132] 90 days
 Malaysia Visa not required[133] 90 days[134]
 Maldives Free visa on arrival[135] 30 days
 Mali Visa required[136]
 Malta Freedom of movement[137]
 Marshall Islands Visa not required[138] 90 days
  • 90 days within any 180 day period
 Mauritania Visa on arrival[139]
 Mauritius Visa not required[140] 90 days
 Mexico Visa not required[141] 180 days
 Micronesia Visa not required[142] 90 days
  • 90 days within any 180 day period
 Moldova Visa not required[143] 90 days
 Monaco Visa not required[145]
 Mongolia Visa not required[146] 30 days
 Montenegro Visa not required[147] 90 days
 Morocco Visa not required[148] 3 months
 Mozambique Visa on arrival[149] 30 days
 Myanmar eVisa[150] 28 days
 Namibia Visa on arrival[151] 3 months
 Nauru Visa required[152]
   Nepal Visa on arrival[153] 90 days
 Netherlands Freedom of movement[154]
 New Zealand Electronic Travel Authority[155] 3 months
  • International Visitor Conservation and Tourism Levy must be paid upon requesting an Electronic Travel Authority.[156]
  • Holders of an Australian Permanent Resident Visa or Resident Return Visa may be granted a New Zealand Resident Visa on arrival permitting indefinite stay (pursuant to the Trans-Tasman Travel Arrangement), subject to meeting character requirements and obtaining an Electronic Travel Authority prior to departure.[157] Such travellers are not required to pay the International Visitor Conservation and Tourism Levy.[156]
 Nicaragua Visa not required[158] 90 days
 Niger Visa required[159]
 Nigeria Visa required[160]
 North Macedonia Visa not required[161] 90 days
 Norway Freedom of movement[162]
 Oman Visa not required[163] 14 days
  • 30 days e-Visa also available
 Pakistan eVisa[164] 90 days
 Palau Visa not required[165] 90 days
  • 90 days within any 180 day period
 Panama Visa not required[166] 180 days
 Papua New Guinea Easy Visitor Permit[167] 60 days
 Paraguay Visa not required[168] 90 days
 Peru Visa not required[169] 90 days
  • 90 days within any 6-month period[170]
 Philippines Visa not required[171] 30 days
 Poland Freedom of movement[172]
 Portugal Freedom of movement[173]
 Qatar Visa not required[174][175] 90 days
 Romania Freedom of movement[176]
 Russia eVisa[177] 16 days
  • e-Visa holders must arrive and depart via 29 checkpoints[178]
 Rwanda Visa not required[179] 30 days
 Saint Kitts and Nevis Visa not required[180] 3 months
 Saint Lucia Visa not required[181] 90 days
  • 90 days within any 180 day period
 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Visa not required[182] 90 days
  • 90 days within any 180 day period
 Samoa Visa not required[183] 90 days
  • 90 days within any 180 day period
 San Marino Visa not required[184]
 São Tomé and Príncipe Visa not required[185] 15 days
 Saudi Arabia eVisa / Visa on arrival[186][187] 90 days
 Senegal Visa not required[188] 90 days
 Serbia Visa not required[189] 90 days
  • 90 days within any 6-month period
  • ID card valid
 Seychelles Visa not required[190] 3 months
 Sierra Leone Visa on arrival[191]
 Singapore Visa not required[192] 90 days
 Slovakia Freedom of movement[193]
 Slovenia Freedom of movement[194]
 Solomon Islands Visa not required[195] 90 days
  • 90 days within any 180 day period
 Somalia Visa on arrival[196]
 South Africa eVisa[197]
 South Sudan Electronic Visa[198]
  • Obtainable online[199]
  • Printed visa authorization must be presented at the time of travel[199]
 Spain Freedom of movement[200]
 Sri Lanka eVisa / Visa on arrival[201] 30 days
 Sudan Visa required[202]
 Suriname eVisa[203]
 Sweden Freedom of movement[204]
  Switzerland Freedom of movement[205]
 Syria eVisa[206]
 Tajikistan Visa not required[207] 30 days
  • Visa also available online.[208]
 Tanzania eVisa / Visa on arrival[209][210] 3 months
 Thailand Visa not required[211] 60 days
 Timor-Leste Visa not required[212] 90 days
  • 90 days within any 180 day period
 Togo Visa on arrival[213] 7 days
 Tonga Visa not required[214] 90 days
  • 90 days within any 180 day period
 Trinidad and Tobago Visa not required[215] 90 days
  • 90 days within any 180 day period
 Tunisia Visa not required[216] 2 months
 Turkey Visa not required[218] 90 days
 Turkmenistan Visa required[220]
 Tuvalu Visa not required[221] 90 days
  • 90 days within any 180 day period
 Uganda eVisa / Visa on arrival[222]
 Ukraine Visa not required[224] 90 days
  • 90 days within any 180 day period
 United Arab Emirates Visa not required[225] 90 days
 United Kingdom Visa not required[228] 6 months
 United States Visa required[229]
 Uruguay Visa not required[230] 90 days
 Uzbekistan Visa not required[231] 30 days
 Vanuatu Visa not required[232] 90 days
  • 90 days within any 180 day period
 Vatican City Visa not required[233]
 Venezuela Visa not required[234] 90 days
 Vietnam eVisa[235] 90 days[236]
 Yemen Visa required[237]
 Zambia Visa not required[238] 90 days
 Zimbabwe Visa on arrival[239] 3 months
  • 30 days for visits on business, 3 months for tourists

Territories and disputed areas

Visa requirements for Bulgarian citizens for visits to various territories, disputed areas, partially recognized countries and restricted zones:

Visitor to Visa requirement Notes (excluding departure fees)
Europe
 Abkhazia Visa required[240]
Mount Athos Special permit required Special permit required (4 days: 25 euro for Orthodox visitors, 35 euro for non-Orthodox visitors, 18 euro for students). There is a visitors' quota: maximum 100 Orthodox and 10 non-Orthodox per day and women are not allowed.[241][242]
Belarus Brest and Grodno Visa not required Visa-free for 10 days[243]
Autonomous Republic of Crimea Crimea Visa required Visa issued by Russia is required.[244]
 Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus Visa not required 3 months;[245][246] ID card valid[245]
United Nations UN Buffer Zone in Cyprus Access Permit required[247] Access Permit is required for travelling inside the zone, except Civil Use Areas.
 Faroe Islands Visa not required[248]
 Gibraltar Visa not required[249]
 Guernsey Visa not required[250]
 Isle of Man Visa not required[251]
Norway Jan Mayen Permit required Permit issued by the local police required for staying for less than 24 hours[252] and permit issued by the Norwegian police for staying for more than 24 hours.[253]
 Jersey Visa not required[254]
 Kaliningrad Oblast eVisa[255] Currently 16-days common e-visa is available instead of 8-days free regional e-visa
 Kosovo Visa not required
 Russia Special authorization required Several closed cities and regions in Russia require special authorization.[256]
 South Ossetia Visa not required Multiple entry visa to Russia and three day prior notification are required to enter South Ossetia.[257][258]
 Transnistria Visa not required Registration required after 24h.[259][260]
Africa
 British Indian Ocean Territory Special permit required Special permit required.[261]
 Eritrea outside Asmara Travel permit required To travel in the rest of the country, a Travel Permit for Foreigners is required (20 Eritrean nakfa).[262]
 Mayotte Freedom of movement[75]
 Réunion Freedom of movement[75]
 Ascension Island eVisa[263][264]
  • 3 months within any year period
 Saint Helena Visitor's Pass required Visitor's Pass granted on arrival valid for 4/10/21/60/90 days for 12/14/16/20/25 pound sterling.[265]
 Tristan da Cunha Permission required Permission to land required for 15/30 pounds sterling (yacht/ship passenger) for Tristan da Cunha Island or 20 pounds sterling for Gough Island, Inaccessible Island or Nightingale Islands.[266]
 Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic Undefined visa regime in the Western Sahara controlled territory.
 Somaliland Visa on arrival 30 days for 30 US dollars, payable on arrival.[267][268]
 Sudan Travel permit required All foreigners traveling more than 25 kilometers outside of Khartoum must obtain a travel permit.
Sudan Darfur Travel permit required Separate travel permit is required.[269]
Asia
 Hong Kong Visa not required[270] 3 months
 India PAP/RAP PAP/RAP required Protected Area Permit (PAP) required for whole states of Nagaland and Sikkim and parts of states Manipur, Arunachal Pradesh, Uttaranchal, Jammu and Kashmir, Rajasthan, Himachal Pradesh. Restricted Area Permit (RAP) required for all of Andaman and Nicobar Islands and parts of Sikkim. Some of these requirements are occasionally lifted for a year.[271][272][273][274][275][276]
 Iraqi Kurdistan Visa on arrival Visa on arrival for 15 days is available at Erbil and Sulaymaniyah airports.[277]
 Kazakhstan Special permission required Special permission required for the town of Baikonur and surrounding areas in Kyzylorda Oblast, and the town of Gvardeyskiy near Almaty.[278]
Iran Kish Island Visa not required Visitors to Kish Island do not require a visa.[279]
 Macau Visa not required[280] 90 days
Malaysia Sabah and Sarawak Visa not required These states have their own immigration authorities and passport is required to travel to them, however the same visa applies.[281]
Maldives Maldives Permission required With the exception of the capital Malé, tourists are generally prohibited from visiting non-resort islands without the express permission of the Government of Maldives.[282]
 North Korea outside Pyongyang Special permit required People are not allowed to leave the capital city, tourists can only leave the capital with a governmental tourist guide (no independent moving)
 Palestine Visa not required[283] Arrival by sea to Gaza Strip not allowed.[284]
 Taiwan Visa not required[285] 90 days
Tajikistan Gorno-Badakhshan Autonomous Province OIVR permit required OIVR permit required (15+5 Tajikistani Somoni) and another special permit (free of charge) is required for Lake Sarez.[286][287][288]
China Tibet Autonomous Region TTP required Tibet Travel Permit required (10 US Dollars).[289][290][291]
 Turkmenistan Special permit required A special permit, issued prior to arrival by Ministry of Foreign Affairs, is required if visiting the following places: Atamurat, Cheleken, Dashoguz, Serakhs and Serhetabat.[292]
United Nations Korean Demilitarized Zone Restricted zone.
United Nations UNDOF Zone and Ghajar Restricted zone.
Vietnam Phú Quốc Visa not required 30 days[293]
 Yemen Special permission required Special permission needed for travel outside Sana’a or Aden.[294]
Caribbean and North Atlantic
 Anguilla Visa not required[295] 3 months
 Aruba Visa not required[296] 30 days, extendable to 180 days
 Bermuda Visa not required[297] Up to 6 months, decided on arrival
Netherlands Bonaire, St. Eustatius and Saba Visa not required[298] 3 months
 British Virgin Islands Visa not required[299] 30 days, extensions possible
 Cayman Islands Visa not required[300][301]
Colombia San Andrés and Leticia Tourist Card on arrival Visitors arriving at Gustavo Rojas Pinilla International Airport and Alfredo Vásquez Cobo International Airport must buy tourist cards on arrival.[302]
 Curacao Visa not required[303] 3 months
France French Guiana Freedom of movement[75]
France French West Indies Freedom of movement[75]

French West Indies refers to Martinique, Guadeloupe, Saint Martin and Saint Barthélemy.[304]

 Greenland Visa not required[248]
Venezuela Margarita Island Visa not required All visitors are fingerprinted.[305]
 Montserrat Visa not required[306]
 Puerto Rico Visa required[308]
 Saint Pierre and Miquelon Visa not required[309]
 Sint Maarten Visa not required[310] 3 months
 Turks and Caicos Islands Visa not required[311] 90 days
 U.S. Virgin Islands Visa required[312]
Oceania
 American Samoa Entry permit required[313]
Australia Ashmore and Cartier Islands Special authorisation required Special authorisation required.[314]
France Clipperton Island Special permit required Special permit required.[315]
 Cook Islands Visa not required 31 days[316]
Fiji Lau Province Special permission required Special permission required.[317]
 French Polynesia Visa not required[318]
 Guam Visa required[319]
 New Caledonia Visa not required[309]
 Niue Visa on arrival 30 days[320]
 Northern Mariana Islands Visa required[321]
 Pitcairn Islands Visa not required 14 days visa free and landing fee US$35 or tax of US$5 if not going ashore.[322][323][324]
 Tokelau Entry permit required[325]
United States United States Minor Outlying Islands Special permits required Special permits required for Baker Island, Howland Island, Jarvis Island, Johnston Atoll, Kingman Reef, Midway Atoll, Palmyra Atoll and Wake Island.[326][327][328][329][330][331][332]
 Wallis and Futuna Visa not required[309]
South Atlantic and Antarctica
 Falkland Islands Visa not required Visa is not required.[333]
 South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands Permit required Pre-arrival permit from the Commissioner required (72 hours/1 month for 110/160 pounds sterling).[334][335]
Antarctica Special permits required for  British Antarctic Territory,  French Southern and Antarctic Lands,  Argentine Antarctica, Australia Australian Antarctic Territory, Antártica Chilena Province Chilean Antarctic Territory, Australia Heard Island and McDonald Islands, Norway Peter I Island, Norway Queen Maud Land, New Zealand Ross Dependency.[336][337][338][339][340][341][342][343][344][345][346][347]

Non-ordinary passports

Holders of various categories of official Bulgarian passports have additional visa-free access to the following countries – Azerbaijan (diplomatic or service passports), China (diplomatic or service passports), India (diplomatic or official passports), Indonesia (diplomatic or official passports), Iran (diplomatic or service passports), Kazakhstan (diplomatic or service passports), Kuwait (diplomatic or service passports), Mauritania (diplomatic and service passports), Mongolia (diplomatic or official passports), North Korea (diplomatic or service passports), Qatar (diplomatic passports), Russia (diplomatic and service passports), South Africa (diplomatic, official or service passports), Turkmenistan (diplomatic or service passports) and Vietnam (diplomatic, official, service or special passports). Holders of diplomatic or service passports of any country have visa-free access to Cape Verde, Ethiopia, Mali and Zimbabwe.

Right to consular protection in non-EU countries

Diplomatic missions of Bulgaria

When in a non-EU country where there is no Bulgarian embassy, Bulgarian citizens as EU citizens have the right to get consular protection from the embassy of any other EU country present in that country.

See also List of diplomatic missions of Bulgaria.

Non-visa restrictions

This section is transcluded from Non-visa travel restrictions. (edit | history)

Many countries have entry restrictions on foreigners that go beyond the common requirement of having either a valid visa or a visa exemption. Such restrictions may be health related or impose additional documentation requirements on certain classes of people for diplomatic or political purposes.

Blank passport pages

Many countries require a minimum number of blank pages to be available in the passport being presented, typically one or two pages.[356] Endorsement pages, which often appear after the visa pages, are not counted as being valid or available.

Vaccination

Main articles: Vaccination requirements for international travel, International Certificate of Vaccination or Prophylaxis, and Vaccine passports during the COVID-19 pandemic
Cover of the new International Certificate of Vaccination issued by the Bureau of Quarantine in the Philippines since 2021

Many African countries, including Angola, Benin, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Republic of the Congo, Côte d'Ivoire, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea-Bissau, Kenya, Liberia, Mali, Mauritania, Niger, Rwanda, Senegal, Sierra Leone and Togo, South Sudan, Uganda, and Zambia, require all incoming passengers older than nine months to one year[357] to have a current International Certificate of Vaccination or Prophylaxis, as does the South American territory of French Guiana.[358]

Some other countries require vaccination only if the passenger is coming from an infected area or has visited one recently or has transited for 12 hours in those countries: Algeria, Botswana, Cabo Verde, Chad, Djibouti, Egypt, Eswatini, Ethiopia, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Lesotho, Libya, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Madagascar, Malawi, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mozambique, Namibia, Nigeria, Papua New Guinea, Seychelles, Somalia, South Africa, Sudan, Tunisia, Uganda, United Republic of Tanzania, Zambia and Zimbabwe.[359][360]

Passport validity length

Very few countries, such as Paraguay, just require a valid passport on arrival.

However many countries and groupings now require only an identity card – especially from their neighbours. Other countries may have special bilateral arrangements that depart from the generality of their passport validity length policies to shorten the period of passport validity required for each other's citizens[361][362] or even accept passports that have already expired (but not been cancelled).[363]

Some countries, such as Japan,[364] Ireland and the United Kingdom,[365] require a passport valid throughout the period of the intended stay.

In the absence of specific bilateral agreements, countries requiring passports to be valid for at least 6 more months on arrival include Afghanistan, Algeria, Anguilla, Bahrain,[366] Bhutan, Botswana, British Virgin Islands, Brunei, Cambodia, Cameroon, Cape Verde, Cayman Islands, Central African Republic, Chad, Comoros, Costa Rica, Côte d'Ivoire, Curaçao, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea, Fiji, Gabon, Guinea Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Israel,[367] Jordan, Kenya, Kiribati, Kuwait, Laos, Madagascar, Malaysia, Marshall Islands, Mongolia, Myanmar, Namibia, Nepal, Nicaragua, Nigeria, Oman, Palau, Papua New Guinea, Peru,[368] Philippines,[369] Qatar, Rwanda, Samoa, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, Solomon Islands, Somalia, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Tanzania, Thailand, Timor-Leste, Tokelau, Tonga, Turkey, Tuvalu, Uganda, United Arab Emirates, Vanuatu, Venezuela, and Vietnam.[370]

Countries requiring passports valid for at least 4 months on arrival include Micronesia and Zambia.

Countries requiring passports with a validity of at least 3 months beyond the date of intended departure include Azerbaijan, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Honduras, Montenegro, Nauru, Moldova and New Zealand. Similarly, the EEA countries of Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway, all European Union countries (except Ireland) together with Switzerland also require 3 months validity beyond the date of the bearer's intended departure unless the bearer is an EEA or Swiss national.

Countries requiring passports valid for at least 3 months on arrival include Albania, North Macedonia, Panama, and Senegal.

Bermuda requires passports to be valid for at least 45 days upon entry.

Countries that require a passport validity of at least one month beyond the date of intended departure include Eritrea, Hong Kong, Lebanon, Macau, the Maldives[371] and South Africa.

Criminal record

Some countries, including Australia, Canada, Fiji, New Zealand and the United States,[372] routinely deny entry to non-citizens who have a criminal record, while others impose restrictions depending on the type of conviction and the length of the sentence.

Persona non grata

The government of a country can declare a diplomat persona non grata, banning them from entering the country or expelling them if they have already entered. In non-diplomatic use, the authorities of a country may also declare a foreigner persona non grata permanently or temporarily, usually because of unlawful activity.[373]

Israeli stamps

Israeli border control Entry Permit (issued as a stand-alone document rather than a stamp affixed in a passport)

Kuwait,[374] Lebanon,[375] Libya,[376] Syria,[377] and Yemen[378] do not allow entry to people with passport stamps from Israel or whose passports have either a used or an unused Israeli visa, or where there is evidence of previous travel to Israel such as entry or exit stamps from neighbouring border posts in transit countries such as Jordan and Egypt.

To circumvent this Arab League boycott of Israel, the Israeli immigration services have now mostly ceased to stamp foreign nationals' passports on either entry to or exit from Israel (unless the entry is for some work-related purposes). Since 15 January 2013, Israel no longer stamps foreign passports at Ben Gurion Airport. Passports are still (as of 22 June 2017) stamped at Erez when passing into and out of Gaza.[citation needed]

Iran refuses admission to holders of passports containing an Israeli visa or stamp that is less than 12 months old.

Biometrics

See also: Countries applying biometrics

Several countries mandate that all travellers, or all foreign travellers, be fingerprinted on arrival and will refuse admission to or even arrest travellers who refuse to comply. In some countries, such as the United States, this may apply even to transit passengers who merely wish to change planes rather than go landside.[379]

Fingerprinting countries/regions include Afghanistan,[380][381] Argentina,[382] Brunei, Cambodia,[383] China,[384] Ethiopia,[385] Ghana, Guinea,[386] India, Japan,[387][388] Kenya (both fingerprints and a photo are taken),[389] Malaysia upon entry and departure,[390] Mongolia, Saudi Arabia,[391] Singapore, South Korea,[392] Taiwan, Thailand,[393] Uganda,[394] the United Arab Emirates and the United States.

Many countries also require a photo be taken of people entering the country. The United States, which does not fully implement exit control formalities at its land frontiers (although long mandated by its own legislation),[395][396][397] intends to implement facial recognition for passengers departing from international airports to identify people who overstay their visa.[398]

Together with fingerprint and face recognition, iris scanning is one of three biometric identification technologies internationally standardised since 2006 by the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) for use in e-passports[399] and the United Arab Emirates conducts iris scanning on visitors who need to apply for a visa.[400][401]

See also

References and notes

References
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  395. ^ Brown, Theresa Cardinal (9 May 2016). "Biometric Entry-Exit Update: CBP Developing Land Border Process". Bipartisan Policy Center. Retrieved 25 April 2019. While a requirement for a biometric entry-exit system has been in law for over a decade, it is not yet a reality. Many reasons for the long gestating development have been documented in BPC's 2014 report Entry-Exit System: Progress, Challenges, and Outlook, including the technological, operational, and cost challenges of creating exit systems and infrastructure where none exist today. However, many critics, especially in Congress, simply accused the Department of Homeland security of dragging its feet... the major operational, logistical, and technical challenge in implementing exit capability at our ports has been the land borders. Unlike airports and seaports, the land border environment is not physically controlled, there is no means to get advance information on who is arriving, and the sheer volume of travel—both vehicular and pedestrian—creates challenges in any system to not further exacerbate delays. While biometric exit for land vehicular traffic is still in the "what if" stage, CBP is moving ahead and piloting systems and technology to use with the large population of pedestrian crossers at the U.S.-Mexico border.
  396. ^ Lipton, Eric (21 May 2013). "U.S. Quietly Monitors Foreigners' Departures at the Canadian Border". The New York Times. Retrieved 25 April 2019. Long demanded by lawmakers in Congress, it is considered a critical step to developing a coherent program to curb illegal immigration, as historically about 30 percent to 40 percent of illegal immigrants in the United States arrived on tourist visas or other legal means and then never left, according to estimates by Homeland Security officials.
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  401. ^ "Iris Scanner Could Replace Emirates ID In UAE". SimplyDXB. 11 June 2017. Retrieved 7 July 2018. The breach of privacy is probably the biggest threat to the biometric technique of iris recognition. Secondly, a device error can false reject or false accept the identity which can also have some heinous consequences. Lastly, the method isn't the most cost-effective one. It is complex and therefore expensive. Furthermore, the maintenance of devices and data can also be relatively burdensome. However, thanks to the oil money and spending ability of Dubai, they are economically equipped to effectively embrace this system.
Notes
  1. ^ Custom procedure for 24-hour visa-free transit is required in principle, except in Beijing (both Capital and Daxing), Shanghai Pudong, Hangzhou, Xiamen, Guangzhou, Shenzhen, Chengdu Tianfu and Xi'an if no leaving of international transit areas.[48]
  2. ^
  3. ^
  4. ^
    • Panghok - Taichang (Vietnam)
    • Lantui - Baka (China)
    • Meuang mom - Wan Pong (Myanmar)
    • Tanalaeng Dry Port - Nongkai (Thailand)
    • Nonghaed - Nam kanh (Vietnam)
    • Pakxan - Bungkan (Thailand)
    • Nam phao - Cau treo (Vietnam)
    • Na pao - Cha lo (Vietnam)
    • Nam ngeun - Huay konl (Thailand)
    • Namheuang - Nakaseng (Thailand)
    • Phoudou (Thailand)
    • Nam soy - Na meo (Vietnam)
    • Phoukeua - Kontoum (Vietnam)
    • Lalai (Vietnam)
    • Pangmone - Phayao (Thailand)
    • Daktaock - Nam Giang (Vietnam)
    • Savannakhet Airport
  5. ^
    • Vientiane
    • Savannakhet
    • Bokeo
  6. ^
    • Vientiane
    • Savannakhet
    • Khammouane
    • Bokeo
  7. ^
    • Samliemkham (Thailand and Myanmar)
    • Tanalaeng - Nongkai (Thailand)
    • Daensavan - Lao bao (Vietnam)
    • Veunkham - Nong nok khian (Cambodia)
    • Vang tao - Chongmek (Thailand)
    • Boten - Bo han (China)
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