Ahir clans
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Ahir (Sanskrit: Abhira)[1] is a caste found in the Indian subcontinent, mainly modern-day India, Nepal and Pakistan.[2][3][4][5] The Ahir clans are spread almost all over country.[6]
Etymology
The word "ahir" is derived from the Sanskrit word "abhira."[7][1]
Clans
Nandvanshi Ahirs
The Nandvanshi Ahirs are a section of Ahirs.[8] Kamarias [9] are also a sub-clan of Nandvanshi Ahirs[10][11][12] in Uttar Pradesh.
Gwalvanshi Ahirs
Gwalvanshi Ahirs have migrated to other parts of Uttar Pradesh from Mathura and they claim descent from gopis and gopas of Krishna's time.[13]
Ghosi
The Ghosi are a division of Ahir community found mainly in North India. They were the zamidars and small rulers of various parts of country.[14]
Phatak
The Phatak Ahirs claim to be descended from Digpal, the Ahirs of Mahaban.[14]
Dauwa
The Dauwas claim to be the descendants of Shree Balaram, elder brother of Krishna but according to modern scholars they descended from the illegitimate offspring of Bundela Rajput fathers by Ahir mothers.[15][16][17][18][19] An Ahir woman kept by a Bundela was known as ‘Pardwarin’.[20][21] Dauwas were also zamindars of Bundelkhand in past.[22] It is said that Dauwas had established their power in Bundelkhand but not before Bundela Rajputs.[19][23]
Dhadhor
Dhadhor is a subcaste of Ahirs.[24]
Krishnaut
Krishnaut or Kishnaut are Ahirs that inhabits the state of Bihar.[25][26]
Majhraut
They inhabit the Indian states of Bihar and Jharkhand.[27][28][29][30] They claim to have descended from king Madhu.
Sorathia
Sorathia is a Ahir clan found in the state of Gujarat in India. According to B.S Suryavanshi, they are the descendents of chief Rao Navaghana of Junagadh.[31]
References
- ^ a b Shashi, Shyam Singh (1994). Encyclopaedia of Indian Tribes: The tribal world in transition. Anmol Publications. ISBN 978-81-7041-836-8.
- ^ Shashi, Shyam Singh (1994). Encyclopaedia of Indian Tribes: The tribal world in transition. Anmol Publications. p. 76. ISBN 978-81-7041-836-8.
- ^ Heath, Anthony F.; Jeffery, Roger (2010). Diversity and Change in Modern India: Economic, Social and Political Approaches. OUP/British Academy. p. 223. ISBN 978-0-19-726451-5.
- ^ Gurung, Harka B. (1996). Faces of Nepal. Himal Books. p. 80. ISBN 978-99933-43-50-9.
- ^ Biographical Encyclopedia of Pakistan: Millennium 2000. Research Institute of Historiography, Biography and Philosophy. 2001.
- ^ Fox, Richard Gabriel (1971). Kin, Clan, Raja, and Rule: Statehinterland Relations in Preindustrial India. University of California Press. ISBN 978-0-520-01807-5.
- ^ "People of Maharashtra" (PDF).
- ^ Gupta, Dipankar (2021). Caste in Question. SAGE Publication. p. 58. ISBN 9788132103455.
Their original caste title was Ahir. The idea of a unique Krishnavanshi kinship category which fuses traditional subdivisions Yaduvanshi, Nandavanshi and Goallavanshi into a single endogamous unit
- ^ Mutatkar, Ramchandra Keshav (1978). Caste Dimensions in a Village. Shubhada-Saraswat.
- ^ Dass, Arvind (2002). Caste System: Caste commentaries and documentation. Dominant Publishers and Distributors. ISBN 978-81-7888-029-7.
- ^ Mutatkar, Ramchandra Keshav (1978). Caste Dimensions in a Village. Shubhada-Saraswat.
- ^ Gupta, Dipankar (8 December 2004). Caste in Question: Identity Or Hierarchy?. SAGE Publications. ISBN 978-0-7619-3324-3.
- ^ Michelutti, Lucia (29 November 2020). The Vernacularisation of Democracy: Politics, Caste and Religion in India. Taylor & Francis. p. 22. ISBN 978-1-000-08400-9.
- ^ a b Lucia Michelutti, Sons of Krishna: the politics of Yadav community formation in a North Indian town (2002) London School of Economics and Political Science University of London, p.90-98
- ^ Russell, Robert Vane (1916). pt. II. Descriptive articles on the principal castes and tribes of the Central Provinces. Macmillan and Company limited.
- ^ Russell, Robert Vane “ The Dauwa or wet-nurse Ahirs are descended from the illegitimate offspring of Bundela Rajput fathers by Ahir mothers who were employed in this capacity in their families. An Ahir woman kept by a Bundela was known as Pardwarin, or one coming from another house. This is not considered a disgraceful origin; though the Dauwa Ahirs are not recognised by the Ahirs proper, they form a separate section of the
caste, and Brähmans will take water from them. The children of such mothers stood in the relation of foster-brothers to the Rajputs, whom their mothers had nursed.
The giving of milk, in accordance with the common primitive belief in the virtue attaching to an action in itself, was held to constitute a relation of quasi-maternity between the nurse and infant, and hence of fraternity between her own children and her foster-children.” (28 September 2020). The Tribes and Castes of the Central Provinces of India (Complete). Library of Alexandria. ISBN 978-1-4655-8294-2.
{{cite book}}: line feed character in|first=at position 419 (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ Russell, Robert Vane (1916). The Tribes and Castes of the Central Provinces of India. Macmillan and Company, limited.
- ^ Russell, Robert Vane (1916). The Tribes and Castes of the Central Provinces of India. Macmillan and Company, limited.
- ^ a b Singh, Mahendra Pratap (2001). Shivaji, Bhakha Sources and Nationalism. Books India International.
- ^ All India Reporter. D.V. Chitaley. 1920.
- ^ Census of India, 1891. 1893.
- ^ Commissioner, India Census (1902). Census of India, 1901. Printed at the Government central Press.
- ^ "Bundela | Rajputs, Marathas, Bundelkhand | Britannica". www.britannica.com. Retrieved 11 November 2024.
- ^ India Today. Aroon Purie for Living Media India Limited. 1994.
- ^ Bihar (India); Choudhury, Pranab Chandra Roy (1957). Bihar District Gazetteers: Bhagalpur. Superintendent, Secretariat Press, Bihar.
- ^ The National Geographical Journal of India. National Geographical Society of India. 1975.
- ^ Bihar (India); Choudhury, Pranab Chandra Roy (1957). Bihar District Gazetteers: Bhagalpur. Superintendent, Secretariat Press, Bihar.
- ^ Singh, Rana P. B. (1977). Clan Settlements in the Saran Plain (Middle Ganga Valley): A Study in Cultural Geography. National Geographical Society of India, Banaras Hindu University.
- ^ Bihar (India); Choudhury, Pranab Chandra Roy (1962). Bihar District Gazetteers: Hazaribagh. Superintendent, Secretariat Press, Bihar.
- ^ Siddiqui, M. K. A. (1993). Inter-caste and Inter-community Relationship: Developing Patterns. Commonwealth Publishers. ISBN 978-81-7169-260-6.
- ^ SurvaVanshi, Bhagwansingh (1962). Abhiras their history and culture. p. 84.