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Meknes Royal Military Academy

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Meknes Royal Military Academy
Active1918 to present
CountryMorocco
BranchRoyal Moroccan Army
TypeTraining
RoleArmy Officer Training
ColoursRed, green & golden

The Meknes Royal Military Academy (known as The Military School of Dar el-Beïda before 1961), located in Meknes, Morocco, is an institution dedicated to the training and education of officers for the Royal Moroccan Armed Forces. Established by Sultan Moulay Yusef in 1918 in Meknes, it was initially conceived to train the sons of Moroccan elites with ties to the colonial administration to lead Moroccan troops and assume administrative roles within the Makhzen, such as pachas, caïds, or khalifas. In 1961, it was rebranded as the Royal Military Academy. Since then, the institution has played a pivotal role in training numerous military and administrative leaders not only in Morocco but also across Africa.

This school has been frequented by many Moroccan military personalities such as generals Mohamed Oufkir, Mohamed Medbouh, and Ahmed Dlimi.[1]

History

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Sultan Muhammad ibn Abdallah, who ruled between 1757 and 1790, added the Dar al-Bayda Palace in the Agdal Garden to the southeast of the main Kasbah of Moulay Ismail complex, which was later converted into the military academy.[2]

The Military School of Dar el-Beïda, now known as the Royal Military Academy (RMA), was founded in Meknès in late 1918 under the direction of Resident-General of French Morocco Hubert Lyautey, exclusively enrolling students from the Moroccan elite.[3] Lyautey advocated for a sustained collaboration, often referred to as "association" in contemporary terms, between French authorities and indigenous counterparts selected from various elite groups, including tribal, clerical, and mercantile circles. This collaboration aimed to ensure the enduring cooperation of the Moroccan "aristocracy" and its ability to maintain societal control. To achieve this goal, Lyautey introduced a francophone educational system primarily targeting fils de notables, or sons of notable figures. Among these educational institutions was the Royal Military Academy, which he inaugurated in 1919. Contrary to popular belief, the academy's primary objective, as evidenced elsewhere, was not to train top-tier Moroccan officers for the French army, but rather to groom selected cadets to assume leadership roles as tribal and urban chiefs following their military service.

The Royal Military Academy played a significant role in preparing young Moroccan military officers who contributed to domestic pacification efforts and participated in various international conflicts involving the French Army. The school stood out and persisted beyond the era of French rule in Morocco,[4] and has undergone several reforms and expanded its scope of operations.[3]

Mission

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The Royal Military Academy's mission is to ensure the complete formation of the active officers of the Royal Moroccan Army as well as training the riflemen for the Royal Air Force and Royal Navy. It also includes a high school that is responsible for preparing cadets candidates for the baccalaureate of secondary education.

The laureates of The Royal Military Academy can become officers in the Royal Moroccan Army, the Moroccan Royal Guard, the Royal Moroccan Gendarmerie and the Auxiliary Forces.

Education

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The Royal Military Academy provides four-year officer training programs in three disciplines: Science and Technology, Legal Sciences, and English Language and Literature. Upon completion of the courses, cadets are awarded the "Diplôme des Etudes Universitaires et Militaires" and commissioned as "Sous-lieutenants" or second lieutenants in the Moroccan military.[citation needed]

Notable alumni

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References

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  1. ^ Le militaire des élèves officiers marocains de Dar El-Beïda à Meknès
  2. ^ Arnold, Felix (2017). Islamic Palace Architecture in the Western Mediterranean: A History. Oxford University Press. pp. 309–312.
  3. ^ a b Bekraoui, Mohamed (2008). "Moroccan Trainee Officers in Dar El-Beïda, Meknès". Guerres mondiales et conflits contemporains (in French). 230 (2): 51–58. ISSN 0984-2292.
  4. ^ Gershovich, Moshe (2004). "Collaboration and "Pacification": French Conquest, Moroccan Combatants, and the Transformation of the Middle Atlas". Comparative Studies of South Asia, Africa and the Middle East. 24 (1): 139–146. ISSN 1548-226X.
  5. ^ "Brice Clotaire Oligui Nguema's Moroccan years". The Africa Report.com. Retrieved 2023-10-07.
  6. ^ "Gen Brice Oligui Nguema: Who is Gabon's coup leader?". BBC News. 2023-08-31. Retrieved 2023-10-07.
  7. ^ "General Brice Oligui Nguema, the man named to lead Gabon after coup". France 24. 2023-08-31. Retrieved 2023-10-07.
  8. ^ "Mauritanie: qui était Ely ould Mohamed vall?". Le 360 Français (in French). Retrieved 2024-05-13.
  9. ^ "Mauritania: Men of Trust, President Ould Abdelaziz's Shield – The North Africa Post". Retrieved 2023-10-07.
  10. ^ "Mauritanie : l'élection de Mohamed Ould Ghazouani, une bonne nouvelle pour le Maroc ? – Jeune Afrique". JeuneAfrique.com (in French). 2019-06-28. Retrieved 2023-10-07.
  11. ^ "Comores : Azali Assoumani élu président". BBC News Afrique (in French). 2016-05-12. Retrieved 2023-10-07.
  12. ^ "New African Union chair brings controversial record to top post". France 24. 2023-02-18. Retrieved 2023-10-07.
  13. ^ "AMI - Mohamed Cheikh El Ghazwani". olden.ami.mr. Retrieved 2023-10-07.
  14. ^ "Mauritanie : Mohamed Ould Ghazouani, l'homme de l'ombre – Jeune Afrique". JeuneAfrique.com (in French). 2012-11-20. Retrieved 2023-10-07.
  15. ^ "Mauritanie. Ghazouani: qui est le nouveau président mauritanien?". Le 360 Afrique (in French). Retrieved 2023-10-07.

See also

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